不同性别和交配状态的马铃薯块茎蛾对马铃薯挥发物的触角电位反应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探明不同性别和交配状态的马铃薯块茎蛾（Phthorimaea operculella）对寄主植物（马铃薯）挥发物的电生理反应的差异,为利用化学生态手段防治马铃薯块茎蛾提供参考。【方法】利用触角电位技术（electroantennogram,EAG）,测定未交配雌蛾、交配雌蛾、未交配雄蛾3种不同生理状态的马铃薯块茎蛾对马铃薯块茎和植株释放的16种挥发性化合物(包括6种脂肪族化合物:1-辛烯-3-醇、丁醇、庚醛、辛醛、壬醛、癸醛;4种芳香族化合物:苯乙醇、苯乙醛、苯乙酮、水杨酸甲酯;6种萜类化合物:α-蒎烯、对-聚伞花素、反-β-罗勒烯、桉叶油醇、反-β-法尼烯、茉莉酸甲酯)的电生理反应及对其中6种化合物(1-辛烯-3-醇、庚醛、壬醛、苯乙酮、水杨酸甲酯、反-β-罗勒烯)的剂量反应。【结果】马铃薯块茎蛾对这16种化合物均能产生触角电位反应,其中未交配雌蛾和雄蛾对脂肪族醇类化合物的EAG反应值较高,交配雌蛾对脂肪族醛类化合物的EAG反应值较高,3种不同生理状态的马铃薯块茎蛾对萜类化合物的EAG反应值均较低。当刺激剂量为1 000 μg时,不同性别和交配状态的马铃薯块茎蛾对同种化合物的反应差异较大,未交配雌蛾对辛醛、水杨酸甲酯、反-β-罗勒烯的反应强于交配雌蛾和未交配雄蛾,交配雌蛾对庚醛、壬醛、α-蒎烯的反应强于未交配雌蛾和雄蛾,未交配雄蛾对1-辛烯-3醇、苯乙醇、苯乙醛的反应强于雌蛾。在测试剂量范围内（1、10、100、1 000 μg）,3种生理状态的马铃薯块茎蛾对6种化合物的EAG反应值随刺激剂量的增加呈现增大的趋势,均未达到饱和阈值,交配雌蛾对同一化合物不同剂量的反应差异更为明显。【结论】马铃薯块茎蛾未交配雌蛾和雄蛾对脂肪族醇类化合物较敏感,交配雌蛾对脂肪族醛类化合物较敏感,雌、雄蛾对萜类化合物均不敏感;对于单个化合物的电生理反应,交配雌蛾对庚醛、壬醛、α-蒎烯更为敏感;对同一化合物不同剂量的电生理反应,交配雌蛾同样更为敏感。

关键词: 马铃薯块茎蛾, 马铃薯挥发物, 触角电位反应

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is find out the difference of electrophysiological responses of potato tuberworm (Phthorimaea operculella) with different sexes and mating states to potato volatiles, and to provide a reference for the chemical ecological control of P. operculella.【Method】Electroantennogram (EAG) responses of virgin female, mated female and unmated male P. operculella to 16 volatile compounds (including 6 aliphatic compounds viz. 1-octen-3-ol,1-butanol, heptanal, octanal, nonanal and decanal, 4 aromatic compounds viz. phenethyl alcohol, phenylacetaldehyde, acetophenone and methyl salicylate, and 6 terpenoids viz. α-pinene, p-cymene, (E)-β-ocimene, 1,8-cineole, (E)-β-farnesene and methyl jasmonate) released from potato tubers and plants were recorded, and the dose-responses to 6 compounds (including 1-octen-3-ol, heptanal, nonanal, acetophenone, methyl salicylate and (E)-β-ocimene) were also conducted.【Result】All the tested compounds could elicit EAG responses of P. operculella. Among them, the aliphatic alcohols elicited significantly greater EAG values in the virgin females and the unmated males, and aliphatic aldehydes elicited significantly greater EAG values in the mated females. However, the terpenoids elicited lower EAG values in all the tested P. operculella. At the dose of 1 000 μg, the same compound elicited varied antennal responses from the P. operculella with different sexes and mating states. Octanal, methyl salicylate and (E)-β-ocimene elicited stronger responses in virgin females than those in the mated females and the unmated males, while heptanal, nonanal and α-pinene elicited stronger responses in the mated females than those in the others. The compounds 1-octene-3-ol, phenethyl alcohol and phenylacetaldehyde elicited stronger responses in the males than those in the females. At the tested dose series (1, 10, 100 and 1 000 μg), EAG responses of P. operculella at 3 physiological states to 6 individual compounds increased with the increase of stimulation dose, and were far from saturation thresholds. For the same compound at different doses, EAG responses of the mated females varied significantly.【Conclusion】The virgin females and the unmated males of P. operculella are more sensitive to aliphatic alcohols, and the mated females are more sensitive to aliphatic aldehydes. However, both the females and males are less sensitive to terpenoid compounds. Among the responses to the individual compound, the mated females are more sensitive to heptanal, nonanal and α-pinene than the virgin females and the unmated males, so are their responses to the same compound at different doses.

Key words: potato tuberworm (Phthorimaea operculella), potato volatile, electroantennogram response

李祥,张小娇,肖春,董文霞. 不同性别和交配状态的马铃薯块茎蛾对马铃薯挥发物的触角电位反应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(3): 547-555.

LI Xiang,ZHANG XiaoJiao,XIAO Chun,DONG WenXia. Electroantennogram Responses of Phthorimaea operculella of Different Sexes and Mating States to Potato Volatiles[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(3): 547-555.

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