长江中下游小麦抗赤霉病品种的筛选与部分农艺性状分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.001

中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (21): 4313-4321.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

长江中下游小麦抗赤霉病品种的筛选与部分农艺性状分析

胡文静^1,^2,³(),张春梅¹,吴迪¹,陆成彬¹,董亚超³,程晓明¹,张勇¹(),高德荣^1,²

¹江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所/农业农村部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,江苏扬州 225007
²扬州大学江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009
³中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

收稿日期:2020-01-06 接受日期:2020-04-20 出版日期:2020-11-01 发布日期:2020-11-11
通讯作者: 张勇
作者简介:胡文静,E-mail：huren2008@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0100801);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101802);国家自然科学基金(31901544);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-03B);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3-2-11);江苏省现代农业重点项目(BE2017340);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2018350);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20171279)

Screening for Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Agronomic Traits of Wheat Germplasms from Yangtze River Region

WenJing HU^1,^2,³(),ChunMei ZHANG¹,Di WU¹,ChengBin LU¹,YaChao DONG³,XiaoMing CHENG¹,Yong ZHANG¹(),DeRong GAO^1,²

¹Lixiahe Institute of Agriculture Sciences/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu
²Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
³Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081

Received:2020-01-06 Accepted:2020-04-20 Online:2020-11-01 Published:2020-11-11
Contact: Yong ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】赤霉病严重危害中国乃至世界小麦的产量和品质,培育和种植抗病品种是控制赤霉病最经济、有效和安全的方法。Fhb1是国内外公认的抗赤霉病主效基因,通过筛选综合农艺性状优良的抗赤霉病品种,探明Fhb1在不同遗传背景下对小麦赤霉病抗性的影响,为小麦抗赤霉病育种提供理论依据和材料来源。【方法】选取历年来长江中下游广泛种植的75份小麦改良品种和18份地方品种,2016—2018年连续3年采用单花滴注结合弥雾保湿进行供试品种的赤霉病抗扩展鉴定,根据3年平均病小穗率和严重度分级,将供试品种分成抗病（R级）、中抗（MR级）、中感（MS级）和感病（S级）,并利用Fhb1的KASP标记检测;2019年调查筛选出的平均赤霉病抗性水平达到中感及以上小麦品种的株高、穗粒数、小穗数、穗长和千粒重。【结果】3年赤霉病鉴定结果表明,供试品种中有2个品种平均赤霉病抗性达到R级,平均病小穗率范围为7.8%—9.7%,65个品种达到中抗至中感,平均病小穗率范围为13.2%—49.5%,26个品种达到S级,平均病小穗率范围为53.6%—78.5%。22个小麦品种在Fhb1位点呈抗病基因型（简称Fhb1+）,71个品种在该位点呈感病基因型（简称Fhb1-）,Fhb1+品种平均病小穗率显著低于Fhb1-品种（P<0.05）。赤霉病鉴定筛选得到67个抗性达到中感及以上水平的品种,考察这些品种的农艺性状发现宁麦19、扬麦29、扬麦16、扬麦23、扬糯麦1号、扬麦20、宁麦12和扬辐麦4号的株高、穗粒数和千粒重等综合农艺性状优良,可作为小麦抗赤霉病育种的亲本选用。【结论】除苏麦3号和望水白外,供试材料中未发现其他高抗赤霉病的种质资源。筛选得到的赤霉病抗性与综合农艺性状结合较好的小麦品种以扬麦品种为主,其中只有扬辐麦4号携带Fhb1抗病基因。利用Fhb1抗病基因并不是解决小麦赤霉病危害的唯一途径。

关键词: 小麦, 赤霉病, 抗扩展, Fhb1抗病基因, 种质资源, 农艺性状

Abstract:

【Objective】Fusarium head blight seriously damages the grain yield and quality in China as well as in the world. Breeding and cultivating resistant varieties is the most economical, effective and safe method to combat this disease. A prominent gene Fhb1 conferring stable FHB resistance with the major phenotypic has been the major source of resistance in wheat breeding. The aim of this study was to screen for resistant varieties with excellent agronomic traits and evaluate the effects of Fhb1 on FHB resistance under different genetic backgrounds, so as to provide theoretical basis and material source for wheat FHB resistance breeding. 【Method】75 cultivars and 18 landraces which have been widely planted in Yangtze river region over the years were selected to evaluate their FHB response using point inoculation from 2016 to 2018. The tested varieties were classified into four classes based on the average percentage of scabbed spikelets (PSS) for FHB severity, i.e. resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS) and susceptible (S). KASP diagnostic markers for Fhb1 were used to genotype the tested varieties. In 2019 we investigated the agronomical characteristics such as plant height, kernels per spike and spikelet per spike of the varieties with ≤50% of PSS. 【Result】The results showed that there were 2 varieties with PSS of 7.8%-9.7%( R), 65 varieties with PSS of 13.2%-49.5% (MR-MS), and 26 varieties with PSS of 53.6%-78.5% (S). 22 varieties carried Fhb1 resistant allele (Fhb1+), 71 carried the Fhb1 susceptible allele (Fhb1-) and the average PSS of the Fhb1+ was significantly lower than that of the Fhb1-(P<0.05). There were 67 varieties showed an average PSS≤50%, of which Ningmai 19, Yangmai 29, Yangmai 16, Yangmai 23, Yangnuomai 1, Yangmai 20, Ningmai 12 and Yangfumai 4 could be used as FHB resistance donors in breeding, due to the combination of good FHB resistance and agronomic traits.【Conclusion】No variety with R were identified in this study except Sumai 3 and Wangshuibai. Some Yangmai varieties exhibited both good FHB resistance and comprehensive agronomic traits, of which only Yangfumai 4 carried the Fhb1 resistance gene. Utilizing Fhb1 is not the only way to combat FHB, and more FHB-resistant germplasms and new FHB-resistant genes should be studied and applied in breeding programs.

Key words: wheat, Fusarium head blight, resistance to disease spread, Fhb1 resistance gene, germplasms, agronomic traits

胡文静,张春梅,吴迪,陆成彬,董亚超,程晓明,张勇,高德荣. 长江中下游小麦抗赤霉病品种的筛选与部分农艺性状分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(21): 4313-4321.

WenJing HU,ChunMei ZHANG,Di WU,ChengBin LU,YaChao DONG,XiaoMing CHENG,Yong ZHANG,DeRong GAO. Screening for Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Agronomic Traits of Wheat Germplasms from Yangtze River Region[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(21): 4313-4321.

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链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.001

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图/表 7

附表1

附表2

供试材料中国内改良品种的系谱和审定年份"

序号	品种名称	系谱	审定年份
No.	Cultivars name	Pedigree	Released year
1	扬麦1号 Yangmai 1	阿夫 Funo	1967
2	苏麦3号 Suami 3	阿夫/台湾小麦 Funo/Taiwan	1970
3	宁麦3号 Ningmai 3	郑引1号/扬麦1号 (St1472/506)/Yangmai 1	1973
4	扬麦2号 Yangmai 2	阿夫 Funo	1976
5	扬麦3号 Yangmai 3	阿夫 Funo	1976
6	扬麦4号 Yangmai 4	南大2419/胜利麦//阿夫 Nada2419/Triumph//Funo	1980
7	鄂麦9号 Emai 9	鄂麦6号 Emai 6	1982
8	鄂麦6号 Emai 6	南大2419 Nanda2419	1983
9	鄂恩1号 Een 1	(洛夫林10/761)/苏麦3号 (Lovrin 10/761)/Sumai 3	1985
10	扬麦5号 Yangmai 5	扬9-16/郑引1号 Yang9-16/(St1472/506)	1986
11	扬麦6号 Yangmai 6	大丰1087/早熟5号 Dafeng1087/Zaoshu 5	1991
12	鄂麦11 Emai 11	(760569//襄麦8号)//309 (760569//Xiangmai 8)//309	1993
13	镇麦1号 Zhenmai 1	镇麦7853/苏肯1号 Zhenmai 7853/Suken 1	1993
14	宁麦8号 Ningmai 8	扬麦5号/扬麦6号 Yangmai 5/Yangmai 6	1996
15	扬麦9号 Yangmai 9	鉴三/扬麦5号 Jian 3/Yangmai 5	1996
16	鄂麦12 Emai 12	750025-12/鄂麦6号 750025-12/Emai 6	1997
17	宁麦9号 Ningmai 9	扬麦6号/西风 Yangmai 6/Xifeng	1997
18	苏麦5号 Sumai 5	西风/扬麦4号 Xifeng/Yangmai 4	1997
19	扬麦158 Yangmai 158	扬麦4号/郑引1号 Yangmai 4/(St1472/506)	1997
20	扬麦10号 Yangmai 10	扬158²///(Yuma/Chancellor⁸)/扬麦5号//扬85-85⁴ Yangmai 158²///(Yuma/Chancellor⁸)/Yangmai 5//Yang 85-85⁴	1998
21	苏麦6号 Sumai 6	6698/扬麦5号 6698/Yangmai 5	1999
22	鄂麦15 Emai 15	882-852//鄂恩1号/NPPP-2///贵农11 882-852//EEN 1/NPPP-2///Guinong 11	2000
23	镇麦3号 Zhenmai 3	K258	2000
24	扬麦11 Yangmai 11	扬158³///(Yuma/Chancellor⁸)/鉴二//扬85-85⁴ Yangmai 158³///(Yuma/Chancellor⁸)Jian 2//Yang 85-85⁴	2001
25	扬麦12 Yangmai 12	扬158³///TP114/扬麦5号//扬85-85⁴ Yangmai 158³///TP114/Yangmai 5//Yang 85-85⁴	2001
26	鄂麦16 Emai16	7023	2002
27	鄂麦17 Emai 17	鄂麦12 Emai 12	2002
28	鄂麦18 Emai 18	SKUA/865146//鄂麦11 SKUA/865146//Emai 11	2002
29	鄂麦19 Emai 19	荆州12 Jingzhou 12	2002
30	生选3号 Shengxuan 3	扬麦158 Yangmai 158	2002
31	扬麦13 Yangmai 13	扬88-84//Maris Dove/扬麦3号 Yang88-84//Maris Dove/Yangmai 3	2002
32	扬辐麦2号 Yangfumai 2	扬麦158/1-9012 Yangmai 158/1-9012	2003
33	镇麦4号 Zhenmai 4	扬麦158/镇麦1号 Yangmai 158/Zhenmai 1	2003
34	宁麦11 Ningmai 11	宁麦8号 Ningmai 8	2004
35	宁麦12 Ningmai 12	宁9170/扬麦158 Ning 9170/Yangmai 158	2004
36	扬麦14 Yangmai 14	扬麦158/扬麦6号 Yangmai 158/Yangmai 6	2004
37	扬麦16 Yangmai 16	扬91F138/扬90-30 Yang91F138/Yang90-30	2004
38	镇麦5号 Zhenmai 5	扬麦158/宁麦9号 Yangmai 158/Ningmai 9	2004
39	扬麦15 Yangmai 15	扬麦4号/鉴三//川育21526 Yangmai 4/Jian 3//Chuanyu 21526	2005
40	扬麦17 Yangmai 17	扬92F101/川育21526 Yang 92F101/Chuanyu21526	2005
41	镇麦6号 Zhenmai 6	扬麦158/镇麦1号 Yangmai 158/Zhenmai 1	2005
42	宁麦13 Ningmai 13	宁麦9号 Ningmai 9	2006
43	宁麦14 Ningmai 24	宁麦9号 Ningmai 9	2006
44	镇麦168 Zhenmai 168	苏麦6号/扬97G59 Sumai 6/Yang 97G59	2007
45	宁麦15 Ningmai 15	宁9144 Ning 9144	2008
46	宁糯麦1号 Ningnuomai 1	EH-5/扬麦158 EH-5/Yangmai 158	2008
47	扬辐麦4号 Yangfumai 4	宁麦8号/宁麦9号 Ningmai 8/Ningmai 9	2008
48	扬麦18 Yangmai18	宁9⁴///扬麦158⁶//扬88-128/P045 Ningmai 9⁴///Yangmai 158⁶//Yang 88-128/P045	2008
49	扬麦19 Yangmai 19	扬麦9号⁶////扬158³///Yuma/Chancellor⁸/扬麦5号//扬85-85⁴ Yangmai 9⁶////Yangmai 158³///Yuma/Chancellor⁸/Yangmai 5//Yang85-85⁴	2008
50	宁麦16 Ningmai 16	宁麦8号/宁麦9号 Ningmai 8/Ningmai 9	2009
51	扬麦20 Yangmai 20	扬麦10号/扬麦9号 Yangmai 10/Yangmai 9	2010
52	扬糯麦1号 Yangnuomai 1	扬麦15///扬麦9号//扬麦9号/CAW Yangmai 15///Yangmai 9//Yangmai 9/CAW	2010
53	镇麦9号 Zhenmai 9	苏麦6号/扬97G59 Sumai 6/Yang 97G59	2010
54	宁麦18 Ningmai 18	宁9312³/扬93-111 Ning 9312³/Yang93-111	2012
55	宁麦19 Ningmai 19	宁9144 Ning 9144	2012
56	扬麦22 Yangmai 22	扬麦9号³/宁97033-2 Yangmai 9³/Ning 97033	2012
57	扬麦21 Yangmai 21	宁麦9号⁶/红卷芒 Ningmai 9⁶/Hongjuanmang	2013
58	扬麦23 Yangmai 23	扬麦16/扬辐麦93-11 Yangmai 16/Yangfumai 93-11	2013
59	宁麦21 Ningmai 21	宁9312/扬麦158//宁9312 Ningmai 9312/Yangmai 158//Ningmai 9312	2013
60	宁麦22 Ningmai 22	宁麦12 Ningmai 12	2014
61	宁麦24 Ningmai 24	宁麦9号 Ningmai 9	2015
62	扬麦24 Yangmai 24	扬麦17²//扬11/豫麦18 Yangmai 17²//Yangmai 11/Yumai 18	2015
63	宁麦26 Ningmai 26	宁9531/宁麦9号 Ning9531/Ningmai 9	2016
64	华麦8号 Humai 8	扬麦158/小偃8788 Yangmai 158/Xiaoyan 8788	2016
65	扬麦25 Yangmai 25	扬麦17²//扬11/豫麦18 Yangmai 17²//Yangmai 11/Yumai 18	2016
66	扬麦27 Yangmai 27	扬麦19/扬07纹5418 Yangmai 19/Yang07wen5418	2017
67	扬麦28 Yangmai 28	扬麦16/扬麦18//扬麦16 Yangmai 16/Yangmai 18//Yangmai 16	2018
68	扬麦29 Yangmai 29	镇麦9号//扬麦17⁵/pm17 Zhenmai 9//Yangmai17⁵/pm17	2019
69	安徽11 Anhui 11	弗兰尼/早洋麦 Franny/Early Premium	Unkonwn
70	荆州66 Jingzhou 66	阿夫/硬粒小麦//南大2419/黑麦 Funo/Durum//Nanda 2419/Rye	Unkonwn
71	马场2号 Machang 2	郑引1号 St1472/506	Unkonwn
72	毛颖阿夫 Maoying Funo	阿夫 Funo	Unkonwn
73	南大2419 Nanda2419	Mentana	Unkonwn
74	万年2号 Wannian 2	南大2419 Nanda 2419	Unkonwn
75	浙麦1号 Zhemai1	临浦早/太和小麦 Linpuzao/Taihe	Unkonwn

附表2

图1

附表3

供试小麦品种病小穗率、严重度、抗赤霉病评价和Fhb1分型结果"

品种名称 Name	3年的病小穗率 PSS in three years			平均 Average	严重度 Severity	抗性评价 Resistance	Fhb1 alleles
品种名称 Name	2017	2018	2019	平均 Average	严重度 Severity	抗性评价 Resistance	Fhb1 alleles
望水白 Wangshuibai	10.9	10.3	7.8	9.7	1	R	+
白慈麦 Baicimai	15.2	12.5	17.2	15.0	2	MR	+
红壳酱 Hongkejiang	18.9	16.0	15.2	16.7	2	MR	-
红和尚头 Hongheshangtou	27.4	27.8	25.9	27.0	3	MS	-
白火麦 Baihuomai	30.2	38.3	33.0	33.8	3	MS	-
和蒲头 Heputou	32.7	44.9	39.4	39.0	3	MS	+
白蒲 Baipu	49.2	52.5	48.9	50.2	4	S	+
红袖子 Hongxiuzi	45.5	58.0	48.0	50.5	4	S	-
胡须麦 Huxumai	59.4	50.2	42.9	50.8	4	S	+
糯麦 Nuomai	50.7	53.2	48.8	50.9	4	S	+
江东门 Jiangdongmen	51.8	52.7	48.4	51.0	4	S	-
鲫鱼麦 Jiyumai	51.4	50.8	53.2	51.8	4	S	-
和尚头 Heshangtou	51.3	56.4	50.1	52.6	4	S	-
四方麦 Sifangmai	58.1	47.5	53.7	53.1	4	S	-
六柱头 Liuzhutou	63.7	67.1	59.8	63.5	4	S	-
鱼鳅麦 Yuqiumai	71.0	69.3	61.6	67.3	4	S	-
蚰子头 Youzitou	78.8	64.7	64.3	69.3	4	S	-
红卷芒 Hongjuanmang	73.0	81.8	80.6	78.5	4	S	-
苏麦3号 Sumai 3	6.1	9.7	7.6	7.8	1	R	+
扬麦4号 Yangmai 4	13.9	11.7	14.2	13.2	2	MR	-
扬辐麦2号 Yangfumai 2	15.0	15.0	19.2	16.4	2	MR	-
镇麦3号 Zhenmai 3	17.2	15.2	17.5	16.6	2	MR	-
镇麦6号 Zhenmai 6	17.7	13.9	18.3	16.6	2	MR	-
扬麦11 Yangmai 11	18.5	18.3	16.8	17.9	2	MR	-
宁麦24 Ningmai 24	18.3	19.5	19.2	19.0	2	MR	-
扬麦17 Yangmai 17	20.7	21.3	20.3	20.8	2	MR	-
宁麦18 Ningmai 18	19.5	21.8	23.7	21.7	2	MR	+
扬麦18 Yangmai18	22.6	19.9	22.8	21.7	2	MR	+
宁麦9号 Ningmai 9	20.9	20.9	24.3	22.0	2	MR	+
扬麦158 Yangmai 158	21.4	20.0	25.6	22.3	2	MR	-
宁麦13 Ningmai 13	24.7	20.6	23.1	22.8	2	MR	+
宁麦19 Ningmai 19	21.8	22.0	25.6	23.1	2	MR	+
镇麦5号 Zhenmai 5	20.2	24.9	24.2	23.1	2	MR	+
镇麦4号 Zhenmai 4	23.2	20.2	26.1	23.2	2	MR	-
宁麦26 Ningmai 26	21.3	25.9	22.7	23.3	2	MR	+
扬麦21 Yangmai 21	23.8	25.4	21.5	23.5	2	MR	+
扬麦29 Yangmai 29	21.0	26.3	23.8	23.7	2	MR	-
扬麦16 Yangmai 16	21.4	28.1	24.5	24.7	2	MR	-
扬麦23 Yangmai 23	24.0	28.6	21.4	24.7	2	MR	-
苏麦6号 Sumai 6	29.1	26.7	18.6	24.8	2	MR	-
扬麦14 Yangmai 14	24.8	29.0	21.0	24.9	2	MR	-
扬麦28 Yangmai 28	24.1	28.6	25.4	26.0	3	MS	+
扬麦22 Yangmai 22	29.5	27.5	22.5	26.5	3	MS	-
宁麦14 Ningmai 24	25.9	24.5	29.6	26.7	3	MS	+
扬糯麦1号 Yangnuomai 1	27.0	27.7	25.5	26.7	3	MS	-
镇麦9号 Zhenmai 9	23.3	27.6	29.4	26.8	3	MS	-
镇麦1号 Zhenmai 1	22.9	30.9	26.8	26.9	3	MS	-
扬麦24 Yangmai 24	24.2	33.9	23.3	27.2	3	MS	-
苏麦5号 Sumai 5	28.3	34.1	23.0	28.5	3	MS	+
扬麦19 Yangmai 19	32.0	25.3	28.3	28.5	3	MS	-
扬麦6号 Yangmai 6	29.8	26.4	30.1	28.8	3	MS	-
生选3号 Shengxuan 3	21.6	32.9	32.6	29.0	3	MS	-
扬麦27 Yangmai 27	32.5	26.5	28.4	29.1	3	MS	-
扬麦20 Yangmai 20	33.3	29.7	25.9	29.6	3	MS	-
宁麦16 Ningmai 16	31.2	29.2	31.6	30.7	3	MS	+
宁麦8号 Ningmai 8	34.0	22.0	37.7	31.2	3	MS	-
扬麦25 Yangmai 25	29.9	30.9	33.2	31.3	3	MS	-
镇麦168 Zhenmai 168	27.3	28.9	38.3	31.5	3	MS	-
扬麦9号 Yangmai 9	32.5	38.4	27.6	32.9	3	MS	-
万年2号 Wannian 2	37.8	26.6	34.3	32.9	3	MS	-
扬麦5号 Yangmai 5	32.4	34.7	35.8	34.3	3	MS	-
扬麦12 Yangmai 12	35.6	37.8	36.5	36.6	3	MS	-
宁麦11 Ningmai 11	34.6	44.5	31.6	36.9	3	MS	-
扬麦10号 Yangmai 10	37.9	42.9	37.9	39.6	3	MS	-
鄂麦9号 Emai 9	39.8	43.3	36.4	39.8	3	MS	-
扬麦2号 Yangmai 2	40.2	44.1	38.1	40.8	3	MS	-
鄂麦11 Emai 11	35.3	49.9	38.9	41.4	3	MS	-
马场2号 Machang 2	50.0	35.0	42.5	42.5	3	MS	-
华麦8号 Humai 8	42.1	41.2	49.6	44.3	3	MS	-
宁麦12 Ningmai 12	46.4	46.1	47.6	46.7	3	MS	-
宁糯麦1号 Ningnuomai 1	27.2	32.8	24.0	28.0	3	MS	-
宁麦21 Ningmai 21	38.2	34.8	44.8	39.3	3	MS	-
宁麦22 Ningmai 22	40.2	43.2	43.5	42.3	3	MS	-
扬辐麦4号Yangfumai 4	45.6	41.3	46.0	44.3	3	MS	+
鄂麦12 Emai 12	46.4	48.3	47.0	47.2	3	MS	-
荆州66 Jingzhou 66	47.9	43.7	50.7	47.4	3	MS	-
鄂恩1号 Een 1	47.9	49.4	46.8	48.0	3	MS	-
宁麦15 Ningmai 15	49.6	47.7	50.0	49.1	3	MS	+
鄂麦18 Emai 18	52.3	51.1	45.2	49.5	3	MS	-
扬麦3号 Yangmai 3	58.0	52.3	50.3	53.6	4	S	-
鄂麦17 Emai 17	59.9	46.7	54.1	53.6	4	S	-
浙麦1号 Zhemai1	55.6	54.0	52.1	53.9	4	S	+
扬麦1号 Yangmai 1	48.0	58.9	54.9	53.9	4	S	-
鄂麦15 Emai 15	56.0	53.0	53.2	54.1	4	S	-
鄂麦6号 Emai 6	52.1	54.9	55.6	54.2	4	S	-
毛颖阿夫 Maoying Funo	61.9	59.0	46.0	55.6	4	S	-
鄂麦16 Emai16	57.8	55.1	57.3	56.8	4	S	-
安徽11 Anhui 11	52.6	56.3	61.9	56.9	4	S	-
扬麦15 Yangmai 15	51.0	60.8	59.3	57.0	4	S	-
宁麦3号 Ningmai 3	55.9	54.5	61.9	57.5	4	S	-
南大2419 Nada2419	56.8	55.3	61.2	57.8	4	S	-
鄂麦19 Emai 19	59.1	58.9	58.0	58.7	4	S	-
扬麦13 Yangmai 13	60.8	63.3	68.8	64.3	4	S	-

附表3

图2

附表4

平均病小穗率≤50%的小麦品种农艺性状表现"

品种名称 Name	株高 Plant height(cm)	穗粒数 Kernels per spike	小穗数 Spikelet per spike	穗长 Spikelet length(cm)	穗密度（个/cm） Spikelet compactness (No./cm)	千粒重 1000-grain weight(g)
望水白 Wangshuibai	145.8	33.4	18.7	12.6	1.5	35.5
白慈麦 Baicimai	130.1	32.4	18.2	12.6	1.4	35.4
红壳酱 Hongkejiang	122.6	43.3	19.8	11.3	1.8	26.8
红和尚头 Hongheshangtou	123.2	50.0	21.7	7.2	3.0	30.7
白火麦 Baihuomai	124.1	39.2	17.8	8.6	2.1	27.9
和蒲头 Heputou	140.2	47.7	18.4	12.7	1.5	32.5
苏麦3号 Sumai 3	117.4	43.5	19.7	11.4	1.7	44.6
扬麦4号 Yangmai 4	91.8	43.3	18.6	8.5	2.2	49.1
扬辐麦2号 Yangfumai 2	86.4	43.1	20.4	10.7	1.9	45.9
镇麦3号 Zhenmai 3	86.6	38.7	18.2	11.8	1.5	44.6
镇麦6号 Zhenmai 6	86.2	43.1	18.5	11.0	1.7	48.1
扬麦11 Yangmai 11	92.6	39.0	18.3	10.3	1.8	49.5
宁麦24 Ningmai 24	72.0	42.5	17.5	10.1	1.7	48.0
扬麦17 Yangmai 17	88.6	42.0	19.0	10.0	1.9	45.3
宁麦18 Ningmai 18	81.0	48.1	17.2	10.1	1.7	39.8
扬麦18 Yangmai18	85.1	49.3	18.6	11.5	1.6	43.2
宁麦9号 Ningmai 9	78.5	44.0	18.5	9.6	1.9	33.9
扬麦158 Yangmai 158	82.4	35.5	18.3	9.2	2.0	47.8
宁麦13 Ningmai 13	80.3	44.0	17.9	9.6	1.9	41.1
宁麦19 Ningmai 19	89.0	45.0	18.5	9.8	1.9	46.0
镇麦5号 Zhenmai 5	85.5	35.6	19.0	7.9	2.4	39.0
镇麦4号 Zhenmai 4	81.6	43.5	18.0	10.7	1.7	46.5
宁麦26 Ningmai 26	88.0	42.7	17.0	10.1	1.7	48.5
扬麦21 Yangmai 21	81.9	43.6	17.1	10.6	1.6	44.3
扬麦29 Yangmai 29	78.0	46.3	20.0	10.5	1.9	47.3
扬麦16 Yangmai 16	86.3	45.1	18.8	9.8	1.9	49.5
扬麦23 Yangmai 23	78.9	46.2	19.1	9.8	1.9	45.4
苏麦6号 Sumai 6	74.8	46.0	20.9	10.3	2.0	40.7
扬麦14 Yangmai 14	81.9	30.9	19.2	9.9	1.9	46.9
扬麦28 Yangmai 28	90.8	37.7	18.8	11.0	1.7	47.1
扬麦22 Yangmai 22	79.1	42.7	19.8	10.2	1.9	46.3
宁麦14 Ningmai 24	80.2	41.3	17.9	9.5	1.9	45.5
扬糯麦1号 Yangnuomai 1	76.3	45.2	18.8	9.2	2.0	49.7
镇麦9号 Zhenmai 9	80.7	40.9	19.1	9.2	2.1	47.6
镇麦1号 Zhenmai 1	96.2	47.6	20.0	9.6	2.1	48.9
扬麦24 Yangmai 24	83.3	36.3	19.4	9.7	2.0	44.9
苏麦5号 Sumai 5	83.6	45.5	18.7	9.5	2.0	39.9
扬麦19 Yangmai 19	74.1	40.7	20.5	10.0	2.1	47.5
扬麦6号 Yangmai 6	75.4	47.7	21.3	10.1	2.1	44.8
生选3号 Shengxuan 3	101.9	43.1	21.7	14.4	1.5	45.3
扬麦27 Yangmai 27	75.2	40.0	21.3	11.3	1.9	43.1
扬麦20 Yangmai 20	89.9	45.5	19.0	10.7	1.8	45.5
宁麦16 Ningmai 16	90.0	47.4	19.5	9.7	2.0	46.4
宁麦8号 Ningmai 8	72.8	41.9	20.2	8.3	2.4	44.9
扬麦25 Yangmai 25	82.0	41.6	19.6	10.6	1.8	45.5
镇麦168 Zhenmai 168	80.6	41.3	19.3	9.6	2.0	47.4
扬麦9号 Yangmai 9	76.6	43.2	20.9	9.6	2.2	40.7
万年2号 Wannian 2	119.6	46.2	19.1	11.6	1.7	43.0
扬麦5号 Yangmai 5	92.3	44.6	21.4	11.8	1.8	49.1
扬麦12 Yangmai 12	86.4	40.0	19.0	9.2	2.1	46.2
宁麦11 Ningmai 11	82.8	46.9	23.0	12.0	1.9	39.3
扬麦10号 Yangmai 10	90.5	39.7	19.1	9.7	2.0	48.3
鄂麦9号 Emai 9	99.1	39.4	20.2	11.1	1.8	42.7
扬麦2号 Yangmai 2	106.1	46.7	19.5	9.5	2.1	35.7
鄂麦11 Emai 11	83.4	40.0	20.0	12.2	1.6	48.3
马场2号 Machang 2	79.6	50.6	19.2	9.2	2.1	36.8
华麦8号 Humai 8	75.7	34.7	18.4	12.4	1.5	36.9
宁麦12 Ningmai 12	89.3	45.1	22.6	14.1	1.6	47.6
宁糯麦1号 Ningnuomai 1	91.5	41.7	19.1	9.5	2.0	43.8
宁麦21 Ningmai 21	89.4	44.8	18.2	10.5	1.7	46.5
宁麦22 Ningmai 22	88.7	43.3	19.8	12.0	1.7	46.8
扬辐麦4号 Yangfumai 4	87.5	45.7	19.4	9.9	2.0	48.9
鄂麦12 Emai 12	85.6	42.8	20.5	9.5	2.2	39.9
荆州66 Jingzhou 66	110.3	40.9	21.3	12.0	1.8	38.5
鄂恩1号 Een 1	100.5	42.5	23.8	13.6	1.8	36.7
宁麦15 Ningmai 15	92.6	45.3	15.7	10.9	1.4	43.5
鄂麦18 Emai 18	100.9	39.4	20.5	11.0	1.9	42.0

附表4

表1

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长江中下游小麦抗赤霉病品种的筛选与部分农艺性状分析

Screening for Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Agronomic Traits of Wheat Germplasms from Yangtze River Region

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序号	品种名称	来源地
No.	Landrace name	District
1	白慈麦 Baicimai	无锡 Wuxi
2	白火麦 Baihuomai	不详 Unknown
3	白蒲 Baipu	金华 Jinhua
4	和蒲头 Heputou	南陵 Nanling
5	和尚头 Heshangtou	兰州 Lanzhou
6	红和尚头 Hongheshangtou	镇江 Zhenjiang
7	红卷芒 Hongjuanmang	南阳 Nanyang
8	红壳酱 Hongkejiang	剑河 Jianhe
9	红袖子 Hongxiuzi	淅川 Xichuan
10	胡须麦 Huxumai	商县 Shangxian
11	鲫鱼麦 Jiyumai	东阳 Dongyang
12	江东门 Jiangdongmen	南京 Nanjing
13	六柱头 Liuzhutou	上海 Shanghai
14	糯麦 Nuomai	不详 Unknown
15	四方麦 Sifangmai	丰城 Fengcheng
16	望水白 Wangshuibai	溧阳 Liyang
17	蚰子头 Youzitou	汝南 Runan
18	鱼鳅麦 Yuqiumai	思南 Sinan

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