30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂的研制 及其在花生田应用的效果

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.20.010

中国农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (20): 3595-3604.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.20.010

30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂的研制及其在花生田应用的效果

曹海潮¹,刘庆顺²,白海秀³,韩君⁴,杨士玲⁵,薛明¹,刘峰¹()

¹ 山东农业大学植物保护学院/山东省高校农药毒理与应用技术重点实验室,山东泰安 271018
² 青岛泰生农业科技有限公司,山东青岛 266101
³ 山东医药技师学院,山东泰安 271018
⁴ 山东中农联合生物科技股份有限公司,济南 255001
⁵ 新泰市农业农村局,山东新泰 271200

收稿日期:2019-05-15 接受日期:2019-06-27 出版日期:2019-10-16 发布日期:2019-10-28
通讯作者: 刘峰
作者简介:曹海潮,E-mail：caohaichao666@outlook.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201600);山东省现代农业产业技术体系花生创新团队(SDAIT-04-08)

Development of 30% Clothianidin·Pyraclostrobin·Difenoconazole Flowable Concentrate for Seed-Coating and Its Application Effect in Peanut Field

HaiChao CAO¹,QingShun LIU²,HaiXiu BAI³,Jun HAN⁴,ShiLing YANG⁵,Ming XUE¹,Feng LIU¹()

¹ College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University/Shandong Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Taian 271018, Shandong
² Qingdao Taisheng Agriculture Technology Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266101, Shandong
³ Shandong Medicine Technician College, Taian 271018, Shandong
⁴ Shandong SINO-AGRI Union Biology Science Co., Ltd, Ji’nan 255001
⁵ Xintai Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Xintai 271200, Shandong

Received:2019-05-15 Accepted:2019-06-27 Online:2019-10-16 Published:2019-10-28
Contact: Feng LIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 评价30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂对花生生长的安全性及防治花生土传病害和地下害虫的应用潜力。【方法】 制备30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂并测定其pH、黏度、悬浮率及冷热贮稳定性与冷热贮前后的药剂粒度分布变化。在室内,以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行温室盆栽安全性试验,统计各处理组的出苗时间及播种后14 d花生幼苗的株高、根长、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重与植株干重等生长指标,评价药剂对花生出苗及幼苗生长的安全性。在田间,设置100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行花生种子包衣,以25%噻虫嗪·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵悬浮种衣剂（迈舒平）为对照药剂,进行两年三地的田间药效试验。【结果】 30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂达到GB/T17768—1999悬浮种衣剂产品标准。温室盆栽试验中,该药剂以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子对花生出苗及幼苗生长安全。2016年以100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行田间试验,药剂对花生冠腐病的防治效果分别为95.16%、97.98%、98.79%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为90.97%、92.26%、92.90%,对花生蚜（Aphis medicaginis）的防治效果分别为79.74%、92.48%、94.13%,且防治效果表现为随药剂剂量的增加而提高。相对于空白对照处理,药剂可以提高花生出苗率10.25%—13.21%,增加花生产量683.75—1 234.12 kg·hm ^-2。由此确定200 g a.i./100 kg种子为田间推荐剂量。2017年使用该剂量,对山东新泰和泰安两地花生冠腐病防治效果分别为81.12%与95.83%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为71.74%与92.93%,对地老虎(新泰)与花生茎腐病（泰安）的防治效果分别为93.33%与87.29%。与空白对照相比,在新泰试验中,出苗率提高了4.23%,产量提高了1 146.45 kg·hm ^-2;在泰安试验中,出苗率提高了10.75%,产量提高了1 715.70 kg·hm ^-2。【结论】 研发的30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂对花生冠腐病、根腐病、茎腐病及花生蚜、地老虎均有一定的兼治效果,对花生出苗和生长安全并增加花生产量,具有较好的推广前景。

关键词: 花生, 种衣剂, 杀虫杀菌混剂, 土传病害, 地下害虫, 制剂加工

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety of 30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole flowable concentrate for seed-coating (FS) on the growth of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and its application potential in peanut soil-borne diseases and underground pests control.【Method】 30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole flowable concentrate for seed-coating was prepared and its pH, viscosity, suspension rate, cold and heat storage stability and the change of particle size distribution of agent after cold and heat storage tests were measured. 30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole FS was used to treat peanut seeds in the greenhouse with three doses of 200, 400 and 800 g a.i./100 kg seeds. At 14 days after sowing, the seedling emergence time and plant height, root length, fresh weight of stalk, leaf and root, and plant dry weight were measured to evaluate the safety of seed-coating for peanut seedling emergence and growth. In the field, three doses of 100, 200 and 400 g a.i./100 kg seeds were set for peanut seed-coating, and three efficacy trials in different places were conducted in two years. The 25% thiamethoxam·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M FS (Maishuping) was selected as control agent.【Result】 The quality of 30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole flowable concentrate for seed-coating conformed to the standard GB/T17768—1999 of flowable concentrate for seed-coating of pesticide product. In the greenhouse pot experiment, the agent was safe for peanut seedling emergence and growth with 200, 400 and 800 g a.i./100 kg seeds. Field trials were conducted in 2016 with three doses of 100, 200 and 400 g a.i./100 kg seeds, the control efficacy on peanut crown rot was 95.16%, 97.98% and 98.79%, on peanut root rot was 90.97%, 92.26% and 92.90%, and against Aphis medicaginis was 79.74%, 92.48% and 94.13%, respectively, and the control efficacy on pests increased with the increase of dose. Compared with the blank control treatment, the peanut emergence rate increased by 10.25%-13.21%, and the peanut yield increased by 683.75-1 234.12 kg·hm ^-2. Therefore, 200 g a.i./100 kg seeds was selected as the field recommended dose in 2017. In the two field trials in 2017, which conducted in Xintai and Taian of Shandong Province, the control efficacy on peanut crown rot was 81.12% and 95.83%, on peanut root rot was 71.74% and 92.93%, and against cutworm in Xintai and on peanut stem rot in Taian was 93.33% and 87.29%, respectively. Compared with the blank control treatment, the peanut emergence rate increased by 4.23% and 10.75%, and the yield increased by 1 146.45 and 1 715.70 kg·hm ^-2, in Xintai and Taian trials, respectively.【Conclusion】 30% clothianidin·pyraclostrobin·difenoconazole flowable concentrate for seed-coating has good control efficacy on peanut crown rot, root rot, stem rot, A. medicaginis and cutworms, it is safe for the peanut growth and emergence and can improve the peanut yield. Therefore, the seed-coating has a good promotion prospect.

Key words: peanut (Arachis hypogaea), seed-coating agent, pesticide and fungicide mixture, soilborne disease, underground pest, formulation processing

曹海潮,刘庆顺,白海秀,韩君,杨士玲,薛明,刘峰. 30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂的研制及其在花生田应用的效果[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(20): 3595-3604.

HaiChao CAO,QingShun LIU,HaiXiu BAI,Jun HAN,ShiLing YANG,Ming XUE,Feng LIU. Development of 30% Clothianidin·Pyraclostrobin·Difenoconazole Flowable Concentrate for Seed-Coating and Its Application Effect in Peanut Field[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(20): 3595-3604.

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热贮析水率 Syneresis rate after heat storage (%)	粒度分布（D₅₀,μm）			黏度 Viscosity (mPa.s)	悬浮率 Suspension rate (%)	pH
热贮析水率 Syneresis rate after heat storage (%)	贮前 Before storage	热贮后 After heat storage	冷贮后 After cold storage	黏度 Viscosity (mPa.s)	悬浮率 Suspension rate (%)	pH
3.03±0.71	2.21±0.06	2.53±0.22	2.23±0.05	372.63±2.89	98.37±0.38	6.90±0.12

处理Treatment	用量Dosage (g a.i./100 kg seeds)	株高Plant height (cm)	根长Root length (cm)
SBB	200	15.94±0.40a	13.56±1.16a
	400	15.76±0.28a	14.34±0.98a
	800	15.58±0.18a	13.10±1.12a
清水Water	—	15.84±0.24a	14.19±1.16a

处理 Treatment	用量 Dosage (g a.i./100 kg seed)	茎叶鲜重 Stalk and leaf fresh weight (g)	根鲜重 Root fresh weight (g)	植株干重 Plant dry weight (g)
SBB	200	7.38±0.25a	1.23±0.06a	0.87±0.04a
	400	7.86±0.31a	1.31±0.11a	0.80±0.07a
	800	7.54±0.27a	1.46±0.07a	0.78±0.03a
清水Water	—	7.12±0.44a	1.58±0.09a	0.75±0.05a

药剂 Pesticide	用量 Dosage (g a.i./ 100 kg seeds)	冠腐病 Crown rot		根腐病 Root rot		花生蚜 A. medicaginis
药剂 Pesticide	用量 Dosage (g a.i./ 100 kg seeds)	病株数 Infected plants (plants per plot)	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)	病株数Infected plants (plants per plot）	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)	虫口数 Pest number (individuals per clump）	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)
SBB	100	4.00±0.58d	95.16±0.70a	4.67±0.88bc	90.97±1.71a	50.71±2.65b	79.74±1.06b
	200	1.70±0.88d	97.98±1.07a	4.00±2.31c	92.26±4.47a	18.86±3.22c	92.48±1.28a
	400	1.00±0.57d	98.79±0.70a	3.67±1.45c	92.90±2.81a	14.71±4.17c	94.13±1.67a
迈舒平 Maishuping	100	19.67±2.03b	76.21±5.94b	10.67±3.18b	79.31±6.15b	75.29±24.75b	69.90±9.87b
	200	12.00±1.15c	85.48±1.40b	3.00±0.58c	94.19±1.12a	16.86±3.44c	93.28±1.37a
清水Water	—	82.67±4.26a	—	51.67±2.60a	—	250.71±22.15a	—

药剂 Pesticide	用量 Dosage (g a.i./ 100 kg seeds)	冠腐病 Crown rot		根腐病 Root rot		地老虎 Cutworm
药剂 Pesticide	用量 Dosage (g a.i./ 100 kg seeds)	病株数 Infected plants (plants per plot)	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)	病株数 Infected plants (plants per plot)	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)	被害株数 Destroyed plants (plants per plot)	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)
SBB	200	25.00±7.64b	81.12±5.08a	26.67±7.26b	71.74±5.81a	1.67±1.67c	93.33±6.67a
迈舒平 Maishuping	200	35.00±13.23b	75.01±7.23a	35.00±7.64b	63.25±5.27a	13.33±4.41b	57.67±19.20b
清水Water	—	133.33±14.24a	—	93.33±11.67a	—	35.00±7.64a	—

30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂的研制及其在花生田应用的效果

Development of 30% Clothianidin·Pyraclostrobin·Difenoconazole Flowable Concentrate for Seed-Coating and Its Application Effect in Peanut Field

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药剂 Pesticide	用量 Dosage (g a.i./100 kg seeds)	冠腐病 Crown rot		根腐病 Root rot		茎腐病 Stem rot
药剂 Pesticide	用量 Dosage (g a.i./100 kg seeds)	病株数 Infected plants (plants per plot)	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)	病株数Infected plants (plants per plot)	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)	病株数Infected plants (plants per plot)	防治效果 Control efficacy (%)
SBB	200	3.67±0.29b	95.83±0.84a	2.67±1.45b	92.93±4.01a	15.67±2.91c	87.29±1.94a
迈舒平 Maishuping	200	6.00±0.58b	93.15±0.16a	3.67±0.33b	91.34±0.71a	38.33±0.67b	69.23±2.60b
清水Water	—	88.00±10.39a	—	40.67±2.60a	—	132.00±2.89a	—

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30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂的研制 及其在花生田应用的效果

Development of 30% Clothianidin·Pyraclostrobin·Difenoconazole Flowable Concentrate for Seed-Coating and Its Application Effect in Peanut Field

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30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂的研制及其在花生田应用的效果