芝麻种质资源成株期抗旱性关联分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】利用33个多态性SSR分子标记分别与18个不同的抗旱性状进行关联分析，发掘与抗旱相关的主要基因位点，为抗旱基因定位和功能标记开发提供基础；通过对100份芝麻种质资源进行抗旱性鉴定，发掘优异的耐旱种质，为芝麻抗旱育种提供指导。【方法】采用盆栽和反复干旱法，对芝麻种质资源群体进行成株期抗旱性鉴定获得表型指标测定值，利用SAS、SPSS和隶属函数等进行统计分析，综合评价其抗旱性，利用GLM模型和MLM模型，将表型数据与分子标记进行关联分析。【结果】研究群体干旱胁迫处理后，材料间响应差异明显，考察的表型性状测定值均小于对照；干旱胁迫条件下18个性状值的变异系数平均为0.31，高于对照（平均为0.19）；处理与对照间各性状指标经配对t检验，均达极显著水平；通过连续变数的次数分布统计方法、主成分分析和隶属函数分析，筛选出10个与抗旱性响应关系密切的指标，并筛选出12份高抗旱种质；基于芝麻基因组筛选出的33个多态性SSR标记扫描供试材料，共检测到170个等位变异，平均每个标记5.15个；利用structure数学模型对供试群体进行遗传结构分析，可分为2个亚群；利用GLM模型和MLM模型分别检测到120个和63个标记位点与供试群体抗旱系数显著关联（P＜0.05），表型变异解释率分别为3.85%—14.30%和4.00%—12.5%，解释率大于10%的标记位点分别有12个和3个，其中，位点4033-3和4033-2均与第一主成分因子第2次复水前萎蔫叶片数显著关联，且变异解释率均为最高，分别达14.3%和12.5%，2个模型共同检测到的标记位点有5个。通过引物序列在基因组上的位置比对，发现3个可能存在芝麻抗旱相关基因的基因组区段。【结论】利用综合评价方法，筛选出柳林芝麻3号、g80、8602-2等12份高抗旱芝麻种质，同时利用GLM和MLM 2个模型检测到与第2次复水前萎蔫叶片数显著关联的标记位点（位点4033-3和位点4033-2），且变异解释率最高，分别达14.3%和12.5%。

关键词: 芝麻种质资源, 抗旱性, SSR标记, 关联分析

Abstract: 【Objective】By association mapping between 33 SSR markers and 18 sesame drought-resistance phenotypes, identifying the associated loci, providing a basis for drought-resistance gene mapping and functional marker development, identifying drought-resistant sesame germplasm resources and providing parental materials and varieties for drought-resistance breeding.【Method】Sesame germplasm populations were cultivated using pots and stressed by drought-water-drought duplication treatment, morphology and growth index during the drought-stress period and mature period were analyzed, then the combination method of SAS, SPSS, and membership function were used for drought-resistance evaluation. At the same time, association analysis was carried out using GLM and MLM models based on molecular markers and drought-resistance phenotype data.【Result】After drought stress, obviously different responses were observed among materials in the population, each index that related to drought resistance averaged smaller than the control; the averaged coefficient of variation of 18 traits was 0.31, which was higher than the control. T test of all traits between treatment and control showed a significant difference. A total of 10 indices related to drought-resistance were screened out, and 12 germplasms with high drought-resistance were identified by functional and clustering analysis. A total of 170 loci were detected by 33 SSR makers in the tested materials, the average loci number was 5.15 per marker. Genetic structure analysis indicated that the population consists of 2 sub-groups. There were 120 loci and 63 loci that were detected by association analysis based on GLM model and MLM model, respectively, the explanation rate ranged from 3.85% to 14.3%, and from 4.00% to 12.5%. There were 12 loci and 3 loci were detected with higher explanation rate than 10% by GLM and MLM, respectively, 5 loci were detected simultaneously by GLM and MLM. By comparison of the primers sequences with sesame genome, 3 genome regions were presumed located genes related with drought-resistance.【Conclusion】This research selected 12 sesame germplasms with high drought-resistance by comprehensive evaluation method, at the same time, 4033-3 and 4033-2 loci that were detected with the highest explanation rate by association analysis based on GLM model and MLM model, respectively, and the explanation rate were 14.3% and 12.5%.

Key words: sesame germplasm, drought resistance, SSR markers, association analysis

刘文萍，吕伟，黎冬华，任果香，张艳欣，文飞，韩俊梅，张秀荣. 芝麻种质资源成株期抗旱性关联分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(4): 625-639.

LIU WenPing, Lü Wei, LI DongHua, REN GuoXiang, ZHANG YanXin, WEN Fei, HAN JunMei, ZHANG XiuRong. Drought Resistance of Sesame Germplasm Resources and Association Analysis at Adult Stage[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(4): 625-639.

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