黏粒添加量对不同有机碳含量黑土抗压特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.08.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】农业机械田间作业对土壤造成的碾压会显著影响土壤物理性质与结构，进而对作物产量与土壤环境产生重大影响。论文旨在探究不同黏粒添加量对有机碳含量不同的黑土土壤抗压特性的影响规律。【方法】通过人工提取黏粒的方式向有机碳（TOC）含量不同的3种黑土（M0、M1、M2）中分别添加不同量的黏粒0、10%、20%、40%（记做C0、C1、C2、C3），制备不同TOC和黏粒含量的土壤样品（M0C0、M0C1、M0C2、M0C3、M1C0、M1C1、M1C2、M1C3、M2C0、M2C1、M2C2、M2C3）。调整土壤含水量为20%，容重1.1 g·cm^-3，进行室内单轴压缩试验，测定压缩曲线并求得相应的土壤先期固结压力σ_p（kPa）与土壤压缩指数Cc。【结果】有机碳含量相同的条件下，黏粒含量越高，压缩曲线塑性部分的斜率越大；当黏粒含量相同时，外施压力相同时，随着有机碳含量的增加，土壤孔隙比随之增大。黏粒添加量、TOC及其交互作用对黑土土壤的σ_p、Cc均会产生显著影响（P＜0.05）；其中黏粒添加量与TOC均与土壤σ_p呈极显著正相关关系，黏粒添加量与Cc相关关系并不显著，且TOC与Cc之间相关性也并不明显。【结论】黏粒与TOC含量的增加均会使黑土先期固结压力增大；土壤TOC含量与黏粒含量越高，压缩指数越大，土壤被压缩后越容易发生形变。

关键词: 有机质, 黏粒, 压缩曲线, 先期固结压力, 压缩指数

Abstract: 【Objective】The compaction of cultivated soils by agricultural machines considerably affects both the structure and physical properties of soil, and thus can have major impacts on crop production and the environment. The objective of this study is to explore the effect of the addition amount of clay on the compressive characteristics of different organic carbon contents in black soil.【Method】Different amounts of clay (0, 10%, 20%, 40% denoted as C0, C1, C2 and C3) were added to three different amounts of total organic carbon (TOC) of black soil (M0, M1, M2) in order to prepare soil samples (M0C0, M0C1, M0C2, M0C3, M1C0, M1C1, M1C2, M1C3, M2C0, M2C1, M2C2, M2C3). The soil moisture content was adjusted to 20% and bulk density 1.1 g·cm^-³. Then performing uniaxial compression tests were made indoor and the pre-compression stress values (σ_p) and compression index (Cc) were determined.【Result】The higher the TOC was, the higher the slope of the plastic part of the compression curve, when soils were at the same clay condition, with the increase of TOC, soil void increased when the same pressure was applied. The amount of added clay, TOC and the interaction between them all had a significant effect on both σ_p and Cc (P＜0.05). The amount of added clay and TOC both had a significant positive correlation with σ_p of black soil, and the amount of added clay had no significant positive correlation with the Cc, while the correlation between TOC and Cc was not obvious.【Conclusion】With the increase of the amount of organic carbon content and clay, pre-compression stress of black soil increased. The more organic carbon content and clay is, the higher Cc will be, the easier the deformation will be after compression.

Key words: organic matter, clay, compression curve, pre-compression stress, compression index

柴鑫，安晶，张玉龙，邹洪涛，虞娜，范庆锋. 黏粒添加量对不同有机碳含量黑土抗压特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(8): 1617-1624.

CHAI Xin, AN Jing, ZHANG Yu-long, ZOU Hong-tao, YU Na, FAN Qing-feng . Quantifying the Effect of the Addition Amount of Clay on the Compressive Characteristics of Different Organic Carbon Contents in Black Soil[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(8): 1617-1624.

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