一个黄麻矮秆种质株高性状对外源激素的敏感性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.10.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探索黄麻矮秆种质爱店野黄麻株高对不同外源激素的敏感性，进而确定该种质属于哪种激素敏感型，为后续利用该矮秆种质剖析黄麻株高的遗传基础与激素调控的关系提供依据。【方法】首先，比较分析爱店野黄麻与正常株高的栽培品种黄麻179株高等重要农艺性状。其次，以爱店野黄麻为材料，用不同浓度的赤霉素（GA₃）、油菜素类固醇（BR）和生长素（IAA）处理，比较分析MS培养基条件下不同处理间下胚轴的长度和叶面喷施大田条件下不同处理间株高的变化；同时，比较分析爱店野黄麻与黄麻179在MS培养基条件下GA₃处理间下胚轴的长度。再次，每隔3 d，叶面喷施一次浓度100 mg·L^-1GA₃，分析连续喷施GA₃对爱店野黄麻株高的恢复程度。继而，分析爱店野黄麻在一次喷施GA₃处理后α-淀粉酶活性的变化。【结果】没有用激素处理条件下，爱店野黄麻和黄麻179株高分别为1.89 和4.28 m，两者之间差异达极显著水平，表明爱店野黄麻是一份典型的矮秆种质。在0.1 mg·L^-1外源IAA和BR的MS培养基条件下，爱店野黄麻下胚轴与未处理的爱店野黄麻相比，差异不显著；但在0.1 mg·L^-1外源GA₃的MS培养基条件下，爱店野黄麻下胚轴长度明显高于未处理的爱店野黄麻，差异达到极显著水平，而且未处理的黄麻179与外源GA₃处理的爱店野黄麻、黄麻179的下胚轴长度相当，初步表明爱店野黄麻为植株体内赤霉素敏感型，外施GA₃后爱店野黄麻下胚轴有显著的增长，黄麻179没有明显的变化。在不同浓度外源激素大田的叶面喷施条件下，高浓度（100 mg·L^-1）的GA₃ 处理的爱店野黄麻株高变化量均显著高于另2个较低浓度GA₃；但不同浓度IAA和BR处理后，爱店野黄麻株高与未处理的爱店野黄麻对照相比，差异不显著，进一步表明爱店野黄麻为赤霉素敏感型植株。在大田叶面喷施条件下，100 mg·L^-1的外源GA₃连续处理后，爱店野黄麻的株高明显高于未处理的爱店野黄麻，差异达到极显著水平，而且其株高接近黄麻179水平，表明外源赤霉素GA₃连续处理可以使该矮秆种质植株的株高恢复到正常栽培种的株高水平。酶活性分析试验中，一次喷施100 mg·L^-1 GA₃激素处理后，第3天α-淀粉酶活性与处理前相比开始升高，直到第6天，α-淀粉酶活性显著增强，表明GA₃能诱导爱店野黄麻的α-淀粉酶活性提高。【结论】爱店野黄麻是一份典型的黄麻矮秆种质，该种质对外源IAA和BR不敏感，对外源GA3敏感；连续用GA₃处理可以恢复其株高，外源GA₃可以诱导其α-淀粉酶活性增强，该种质是GA₃敏感型的矮秆种质资源。

关键词: 黄麻, 矮秆, 株高, 激素, GA3敏感型

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of this study was to illuminate the sensibility of the exogenous hormones to plant height of a dwarf germplasm Aidianyehuangma so as to determine which kind of hormone sensitivity this germplasm belongs to, which will facilitate dissecting the relationship between the genetic basis of plant height and hormonal regulation in jute. 【Method】 Firstly, the performance of important agricultural traits, e.g. plant height, were compared between Aidianyehuangma and the variety Huangma 179 with normal plant height. Secondly, the dwarf germplasm of Aidianyehuangma was treated with different concentrations of exogenous GA₃, IAA and BR. And the hypocotyl length in the Ms culture media and plant height variation in the field were investigated. Meanwhile, the hypocotyl length of Huangma 179 and Aidianyehuangma on the GA₃ culture media was evaluated. Thirdly, the effects of continuous spraying of 100 mg·L^-1GA₃ every 3 days on plant height of Aidianyehuangma were analyzed. Furthermore, the activities of α - amylase of Aidianyehuangma were analyzed after it was once treated with GA₃. 【Result】 The comparison analysis of important agricultural traits showed that the plant height of Aidianyehuangma (1.89 m) was significantly lower than that of Huangma 179 (4.28 m) without exogenous hormone treatment, indicating that Aidianyehuangma is a typical dwarf germplasm in jute. After being treated with MS culture media of 0.1 mg^.L^-1 exogenous IAA and BR, the hypocotyl length of Aidianyehuangma did not show a significant difference with that of the control. However, after being treated with MS culture media of 0.1 mg·L^-1 exogenous GA₃, the hypocotyl length of Aidianyehuangma showed a significant difference compared with Aidianyehuangma without being treated with GA₃, and the hypocotyl length of Aidianyehuangma and Huangma 179 was similar to that of Huangma 179 without being treated with GA₃. It suggested that the plant height of Aidianyehuangma is sensitive to exogenous GA₃ while that of Huangma 179 is not sensitive to the exogenous GA₃. After being treated with different concentrations of exogenous hormone in the field, plant height of Aidianyehuangma with high concentration (100 mg·L^-1) of GA₃ was significantly higher than that with the other two lower concentrations of GA₃. By contrast, plant height of Aidianyehuangma treated with different concentrations of exogenous IAA and BR did not show a significant difference with that of the control. It further suggested that Aidianyehuangma is a GA₃ sensitive dwarf germplasm. After being treated with 100 mg·L^-1 exogenous GA₃ continuously in the field, the plant height of Aidianyehuangma showed a significant difference in comparison of Aidianyehuangma without being treated with GA₃, reaching a significant level, and appoached that of Huangma 179. It showed that plant height of Aidianyehuangma could be resumed using exogenousGA₃. After Aidianyehuangma was once treated with GA₃, α- amylase activity of Aidianyehuangma in the first 3 days began to increase in comparison with that before treatment, and enhanced significantly in the first 6 days, which indicated that the exogenous GA₃ could increase the α- amylase activity of Aidianyehuangma. 【Conclusion】Aidianyehuangma is a typical dwarf germplasm in jute. The plant height of Aidianyehuangma is not sensitive to exogenous IAA and BR, but sensitive to the exogenous GA₃, and can be resumed to normal plant height with continuous exogenous GA₃ treatment. The exogenous GA₃ could increase the α- amylase activity of Aidianyehuangma. Aidianyehuangma is a GA₃ sensitive dwarf germplasm.

Key words: jute, dwarf, plant height, hormones, GA₃sensitivity

张立武，黄文轩，陶爱芬，林荔辉，徐建堂，方平平，祁建民. 一个黄麻矮秆种质株高性状对外源激素的敏感性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(10): 1892-1899.

ZHANG Li-wu, HUANG Wen-xuan, TAO Ai-fen, LIN Li-hui, XU Jian-tang, FANG Ping-ping, QI Jian-min. Research of Exogenous Hormone Sensitivity on Plant Height of a Dwarf Germplasm in Jute (Corchorus capsularis L.)[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(10): 1892-1899.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.10.003

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2015/V48/I10/1892

参考文献

[1] 熊和平. 麻类作物育种学: 第1版. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2008: 156-185.

Xiong H P. Breeding Sciences of Bast and Leaf Fiber Crops: 1st edn. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2008: 156-185. (in Chinese)

[2] 祁建民, 卢浩然, 郑云雨, 王英娇. 黄麻数量性状遗传关系分析. 作物学报, 1991, 17(2): 145-150.

Qi J M, Lu H R, Zheng Y Y, Wang Y J. Genetic relationship analysis of quantitative traits in jute. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1991, 17(2): 145-150. (in Chinese)

[3] 孙家曾, 余隆其, 何广文. 黄麻主要数量性状遗传力和相关性的研究. 中国农业科学, 1981, 14(03): 25-32.

Sun J Z, Yu J Q, He G W. Heritability and correlation studies of main quantitative traits in jute. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1981, 14(03): 25-32. (in Chinese)

[4] Peng J, Richards D E, Hartley N M, Murphy G P, Devos K M, Flintham J E, Beales J, Fish L J, Worland A J, Pelica F, Sudhakar D, Christou P, Snape J W, Gale M D, Harberd N P. ‘Green revolution’ genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature, 1999, 400: 256-261.

[5] Hedden P. The genes of the Green Revolution. Trends in Genetics, 2003, 19(1): 5-9.

[6] Sun T, Gubler F. Molecular mechanism of gibberellin signaling in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2004, 55: 197-223.

[7] Suzuki Y, Saso K, Fujioka S, Yoshida S, Nitasaka E, Nagata S, Nagasawa H, Takatsuto S, Yamaguchi I. A dwarf mutant strain of Pharbitis nil, Uzukobito (kobito), has defective brassinosteroid biosynthesis. The Plant Journal, 2003, 36: 401-410.

[8] Sazuka T, Kamiya N, Nishimura T, Ohmae K, Sato Y, Imamura K, Nagato Y, Koshiba T, Nagamura Y, Ashikari M, Kitano H, Matsuoka M. A rice tryptophan deficient dwarf mutant, tdd1, contains a reduced level of indole acetic acid and develops abnormal flowers and organless embryos. The Plant Journal, 2009, 60: 227-241.

[9] Phinney B O. Gibberellin A₁ dwarfism and shoot elongation in higher plants. Biologia Plantarum, 1985, 27(2/3): 172-179.

[10] Harberd N P, Freeling M. Genetics of dominant gibberellin-insensitive dwarfism in maize. Genetics, 1989, 121: 827-838.

[11] Mitsunaga S, Tashiro T, Yamaguchi J. Identification and characterization of gibberellin-insensitive mutants selected from among dwarf mutants of rice. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1994, 87: 705-712.

[12] Koka C V, Cerny R E, Gardner R G, Noguchi T, Fujioka S, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Clouse S D. A putative role for the tomato genes DUMPY and CURL-3 in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and response. Plant Physiology, 2000, 122: 85-98.

[13] Yamamuro C, Ihara Y, Wu X, Noguchi T, Fujioka S, Takatsuto S, Ashikari M, Kitano H, Matsuoka M. Loss of function of a rice brassinosteroid insensitive homolog prevents internode elongation and bending of the lamina joint. The Plant Cell, 2000, 12: 1591-1605.

[14] Nomura T, Kitasaka Y, Takatsuto S, Reid J B, Fukami M, Yokota T. Brassinosteroid/sterol synthesis and plant growth as affected by lka and lkb mutations of pea. Plant Physiology, 1999, 119: 1517-1526.

[15] Raventos D, Meier C, Jensen O M B, Mundy J. Fusion genetic analysis of gibberellin signaling mutants. The Plant Journal, 2000, 22(5): 427-438.

[16] Mitsunaga S, Tashiro T, Yamaguchi J. Identification and characterization of gibberellin-insensitive mutants selected from among dwarf mutants of rice. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1994, 87: 705-712.

[17] 卢浩然, 郑云雨, 朱秀英, 王英娇. 黄麻七个经济性状遗传力的研究. 中国麻作, 1980, 1: 6-8.

Lu H R, Zheng Y Y, Zhu X Y, Wang Y J. Genetic studies of seven economic traits in jute. China’s Fiber Crops, 1980, 1: 6-8. (in Chinese)

[18] 郭安平, 龚友才. 圆果种黄麻主要农艺性状的遗传相关及通径分析. 中国麻作, 1988, 2: 6-9.

Guo A P, Gong Y C. Genetic correlation and path analysis of the main agronomic traits in white jute, China’s Fiber Crops, 1988, 2: 6-9. (in Chinese)

[19] Green C E, Phillips R L. Plant regeneration from tissue cultures of maize. Crop Science, 1975, 15: 417-421.

[20] 王学奎. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000: 167-176.

Wang X K. Experiment Theory and Technology on Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2000: 167-176. (in Chinese)

[21] 张超, 孙君灵, 贾银华, 周忠丽, 潘兆娥, 何守朴, 徐正君, 杜雄明. 外源激素对一个新的棉花极端矮化突变体 AS98植株生长和酶活性的影响. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(7): 1370-1378.

Zhang C, Sun J L, Jia Y H, Zhou Z L, Pan Z E, He S P, Xu Z J, Du X M. Effect of exogenous hormone on plant growth and enzyme activity of a novel cotton dwarf-mutant AS98. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(7): 1370-1378. (in Chinese)

[22] Wang E, Wang J, Zhu X, Hao W, Wang L, Li Q, Zhang L, He W, Lu B, Lin H, Ma H, Zhang G, He Z. Control of rice grain-filling and yield by a gene with a potential signature of domestication. Nature Genetics, 2008, 40: 1370-1374.

[23] Xu Y H, Zhu Y Y, Zhou H C, Li Q, Sun Z X, Liu Y G, Lin H X, He Z H. Identification of a 98-kb DNA segment containing the rice Eui gene controlling uppermost internode elongation, and construction of a TAC transgene sublibrary. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2004, 272: 149-155.

[24] Li S, Li W, Huang B, Cao X, Zhou X, Ye S, Li C, Gao F, Zou T, Xie K, Ren Y, Ai P, Tang Y, Li X, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Zhu J, Liu H, Wang L, Li P. Natural variation in PTB1 regulates rice seed setting rate by controlling pollen tube growth. Nature Communications, 2013, 4: 2793-2805.

[25] Spielmeyer W, Ellis M H, Chandler P M. Semidwarf (sd-1), “green revolution”rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2002, 99: 9043-9048.

[26] Monna L, Kitazawa N, Yoshino R, Suzuki J, Masuda H, Maehara Y, Tanji M, Sato M, Nasu S, Minobe Y. Positional cloning of rice Semidwarfing Gene, sd-1: Rice ‘green revolution gene’ encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Research, 2002, 9: 11-17.