中国大麦地方品种的遗传多样性及α-淀粉酶活性的 全基因组关联分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.04.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解中国大麦地方品种的遗传多样性，为大麦α-淀粉酶活性基因寻找有效的分子标记。【方法】利用覆盖全基因组的41对简单重复序列（SSR）标记引物，对257份中国大麦地方品种进行PCR扩增；采用Nei’s遗传距离和邻接（neighbour-joining）法进行聚类分析；在对群体结构和连锁不平衡分析的基础上，进行基于全基因组的表型与基因型的关联分析。【结果】共鉴定出709个等位变异，平均每个位点的等位变异数为17个。41个SSR标记位点的多态性信息指数（PI）变化范围为0.23（Bmag 0385）—0.94（Bmac0032），平均为0.6385。257个中国大麦地方品种聚合成9个不同的结构类群，发现5个与大麦α-淀粉酶活性显著关联的标记位点。【结论】中国大麦地方品种中蕴藏着丰富的遗传等位变异；各类群的特性和品种来源符合“遗传关系密切、表型特征特性相同、地理生态相近”的同类群聚集规律。在5个关联位点中，位于7H染色体上的Bmag0385位点，其等位变异A215的酶活增强效应最大；此外，7H上Bmac0273的等位变异A141的增效作用较大，可用于啤酒大麦育种的分子标记辅助选择。

关键词: 中国大麦 , 遗传多样性 , 等位变异效应 , &alpha, -淀粉酶活性 , 关联分析

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to understand genetic diversity in Chinese barley landraces and screen valuable molecular marker for α-amylase activity.【Method】 A total 257 Chinese barley landraces were genotyped with 41 SSR markers distributing on seven chromosomes of barley. Nei’s genetic distance and neighbour-joining were adoped in cluster analysis.【Result】A total of 709 alleles were identified at 41 SSR loci in 257 Chinese barley landraces. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 44, with an average of 17. The polymorphism information content value for SSRs ranged from 0.23 (Bmag 0385) to 0.94(Bmac0032) with a mean of 0.6385. Cluster analysis detected that nine clusters were identified based on Nei’s genetic distance in 257 accessions. Association analysis showed that five SSR markers significantly associated with α–amylase activity. 【Conclusion】 Chinese barley landraces have rich genetic diversity and could be clustered into nine different groups based on morphological characteristics, geographic origin and genetic relationships. Among the five SSR markers associated with α–amylase activity, Bmag0385 on chromosome-7H carrying allele A215 possessed the highest α-amylase activity, and Bmac0273 on 7H carrying with allele A141 had relatively high positive effect on α-amylase activity. All of them could be used in marker-assisted selection for malting barley breeding.

Key words: Chinese barley , genetic diversity , allele effect , α-amylase activity , association mapping

姜晓东, 郭刚刚, 张京. 中国大麦地方品种的遗传多样性及α-淀粉酶活性的全基因组关联分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(4): 668-677.

JIANG Xiao-Dong, GUO Gang-Gang, ZHANG Jing. Analysis on the Genetic Diversity in Chinese Barley Landrace and Genomic Wide Association of α-amylase Activity Genes[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(4): 668-677.

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