不同磷效率小麦对磷的吸收及根际土壤磷组分特征差异

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.15.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同磷效率小麦根际土壤磷组分特征及磷高效小麦对土壤中不同形态磷素的活化利用特征，以探明磷高效小麦高效吸收利用磷素机理。【方法】在土培盆栽条件下，以小麦磷高效品种CD1158-7、省A3宜03-4和低效品种渝02321为材料，研究每kg土中施磷0、10、20和30 mg（表示为0、10、20、30 mg•kg-1）条件下其生物量、磷素积累量、根际与非根际土壤水溶性磷、无机磷组分、有机磷组分的浓度差异。【结果】不同磷效率小麦生物量、磷素积累量随着施磷量增加均有不同程度的增加，且高效品种显著高于低效品种。不同施磷处理，根际土壤水溶性磷浓度均低于非根际土壤。在低磷处理（不施磷、施磷10、20 mg•kg-1）条件下，高效品种根际土壤水溶性磷出现了亏缺，而施磷量较高（施磷30 mg•kg-1）时，其根际土壤水溶性磷则出现了富集。根际与非根际土壤无机磷组分浓度为Ca10-P＞O-P、Fe-P＞Al-P＞Ca8-P＞Ca2-P，且Ca10-P浓度占无机磷总量的50%以上。不施磷、施磷10 mg•kg-1，高效品种根际土壤中Ca2-P浓度是低效品种的1.22和1.23倍、1.31和1.59倍。低效品种根际土壤Al-P浓度在不施磷处理下是高效品种1.13和1.23倍。施磷量减少，不同磷效率小麦根际土壤均表现出O-P、Fe-P的减少。根际与非根际土壤4种有机磷组分中，以中活性有机磷浓度最高，其次为中稳性有机磷和高稳性有机磷，而活性有机磷的浓度最低。不施磷和施磷10 mg•kg-1处理，低效品种渝02321根际土壤活性有机磷浓度是高效品种CD1158-7和省A3宜03-4的2.00与1.76倍、1.68与1.63倍。【结论】磷高效小麦具有较强的磷素积累、物质生产和水溶性磷吸收能力。低磷胁迫下，磷高效品种活化吸收Al-P、Ca-P、活性有机磷能力强于低效品种。

关键词: 小麦, 根际土壤, 水溶性磷, 无机磷组分, 有机磷组分

Abstract: 【Objective】In order to provide a basis for exploring the mechanism of high phosphorus use efficiency and uptake efficiency for wheat cultivars, the characteristics of phosphorus fractions in rhizosphere soil of different phosphorus efficiency wheat cultivars and activation characteristics of different forms of phosphorus were investigated.【Method】By the method of soil culture experiment, high phosphorus efficiency (CD1158-7, Sheng A3 yi 03-4) and low phosphorus efficiency cultivars (Yu 02321) were used to evaluate their differences in dry matter weight, phosphorus accumulation, water soluble phosphorus, inorganic P fractions, organic P fractions in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils under different P application rates (0, 10, 20, 30 mg•kg-1soil). 【Result】With the increasing P fertilizer amounts, the dry matter weigh and phosphorus accumulation of different phosphorus efficiency wheat increased. And dry matter weigh and phosphorus accumulation of high phosphorus efficiency cultivars were significantly higher than that of low phosphorus efficiency cultivar. The concentration of water soluble phosphorus in rhizosphere was lower than that of non-rhizosphere soils in different P treatments. At low P application rates (0, 10, 20 mg•kg-1soil), there were deficit with water soluble phosphorus of high phosphorus efficiency cultivars in rhizosphere. But the results showed that water soluble phosphorus of high phosphorus efficiency cultivars enriched in rhizosphere under high P application rates (30 mg•kg-1soil). In the whole, concentration of inorganic P fractions showed the same tendency in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils: Ca10-P>O-P, Fe-P>Al-P>Ca8-P>Ca2-P, and the Ca10-P concentration of inorganic phosphorus was over 50% of the total. The Ca2-P concentration of high phosphorus efficiency cultivars was 1.22 times and 1.23 times, 1.31 times and 1.59 times higher than that of low phosphorus efficiency cultivar in rhizosphere without or 10 mg•kg-1soil P application rate. The Al-P concentration of low phosphorus efficiency cultivar was 1.13 times and 1.23 times higher than those of high phosphorus efficiency cultivars in rhizosphere without P application, respectively. O-P and Fe-P in rhizosphere reduced for different phosphorus efficiency wheat cultivars with the decreasing P application. The moderate labile organic phosphorus was dominant in the organic phosphorus fraction, followed by the moderate resistant organic phosphorus and resistant organic phosphorus, while labile organic phosphorus was the lowest. The labile organic phosphorus concentration of low phosphorus efficiency cultivar (Yu 02321) was 2.00 times and 1.76 times, 1.68 times and 1.63 times than those of high phosphorus efficiency cultivars (CD1158-7, sheng A3 yi 03-4) in rhizosphere without and 10 mg•kg-1 P application, respectively.【Conclusion】Wheat cultivars of high phosphorus use efficiency and uptake efficiency had the capacity of stronger phosphorus accumulation, material production and water-soluble phosphorus absorption. For wheat cultivars of high phosphorus use efficiency and uptake efficiency, the activation capacities of Al-P, Ca-P and organic phosphorus were higher than those of wheat cultivars of low phosphorus use efficiency and uptake efficiency.

Key words: wheat, rhizosphere soils, water soluble phosphorus, inorganic P fractions, organic P fractions

张锡洲, 阳显斌, 李廷轩, 郑子成, 林玲, 杨顺平. 不同磷效率小麦对磷的吸收及根际土壤磷组分特征差异[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(15): 3083-3092.

ZHANG Xi-Zhou, YANG Xian-Bin, LI Ting-Xuan, ZHENG Zi-Cheng, LIN Ling, YANG Shun-Ping. Characteristics of Phosphorus Uptake and Phosphorus Fractions in the Rhizosphere Among Different Phosphorus Efficiency Wheat Cultivars[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(15): 3083-3092.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.15.009

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2012/V45/I15/3083

参考文献

[1]习金根, 孙光明, 陆超忠. 植物磷营养效率差异的遗传及生理生化特性研究进展. 华南热带农业大学学报, 2005, 11(3): 41-46.

Xi J G, Sun G M, Lu C Z. Research progress on the physiology- biochemistry characteristics of plant phosphate efficiency. Journal of South China University of Tropical Agriculture, 2005, 11(3): 41-46. (in Chinese)

[2]胡红青, 李学垣, 贺纪正. 有机酸根与铝氧化物表面吸附磷的解吸. 植物营养与肥料学报, 1998, 4(3): 249-250.

Hu H Q, Li X Y, He J Z. Effect of organic acids on desorption of phosphate from aluminum oxides surface. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 1998, 4(3): 249-250. (in Chinese)

[3]李孝良, 于群英, 陈世勇, 沈先云. 土壤无机磷形态生物有效性研究. 安徽农业技术师范学院学报, 2001, 15(2): 17-19.

Li X L, Yu Q Y, Chen S Y, Shen X Y. Study on bio-availability of inorganic phosphorus fractions in soil. Journal of Anhui Agrotechnical Teachers College, 2001, 15(2): 17-19. (in Chinese)

[4]丁洪, 李生秀, 李世清. 不同形态无机磷对不同大豆磷利用效率的影响. 中国油料作物学报, 1998, 20(4): 71-75.

Ding H, Li S X, Li S Q. Bio-efficiency of different forms of inorganic phosphate and difference of absorption and utilization by soybean cultivars. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,1998, 20(4): 71-75. (in Chinese)

[5]赵海涛, 封克, 汪晓丽, 盛海君. 磷在不同土壤和无机磷组分间的转化研究. 扬州大学学报: 农业与生命科学版, 2006, 27(3): 50-55.

Zhao H T, Feng K, Wang X L, Sheng H J. Effects of phosphorus fertilizer on different inorganic phosphorus fractions in soils. Journal of Yangzhou University: Agricultural and Life Science Edition, 2006, 27(3): 50-55. (in Chinese)

[6]冯跃华, 张杨珠. 土壤有机磷分级研究进展. 湖南农业大学学报: 自然科学版, 2002, 28(3): 259-264.

Feng Y H, Zhang Y Z. Research progress on the fractionation of soil organic phosphorus. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University: Natural Science, 2002, 28(3): 259-264. (in Chinese)

[7]向春阳, 马艳梅, 田秀平. 长期耕作施肥对白浆土磷组分及其有效性的影响. 作物学报, 2005, 31(1): 48-52.

Xiang C Y, Ma Y M, Tian X P. Effects of long-term culture and fertilization on the contents of forms of phosphorus and their availability in albic soil. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2005, 31(1): 48-52. (in Chinese)

[8]李永夫, 罗安程, 王为木, 杨长登, 杨肖娥. 耐低磷水稻基因型筛选指标的研究. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(1): 119-124.

Li Y F, Luo A C, Wang W M, Yang C D, Yang X E. An approach to the screening index for low phosphorous tolerant rice genotype. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(1): 119-124. (in Chinese)

[9]韩胜芳, 邓若磊, 徐海荣, 曹云飞, 肖凯. 缺磷条件下不同水稻品种磷素吸收特性的研究. 植物遗传资源学报, 2007, 8(2): 223-227.

Han S F, Deng R L, Xu H R, Cao Y F, Xiao K. Characteristics of phosphorus uptake in different rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars under phosphorus stress condition. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2007, 8(2): 223-227. (in Chinese)

[10]侯焱焱, 展晓莹, 刘璇, 张乃明, 张淑香. 不同形态无机磷对两种磷效率小麦根际特征的影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2011(1): 30-33, 43.

Hou Y Y, Zhan X Y, Liu X, Zhang N M, Zhang S X. Effects of different forms of inorganic p on rhizosphere in different p-efficiency wheat. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2011(1): 30-33, 43. (in Chinese)

[11]刘国栋, 李继云, 李振声. 低磷胁迫下小麦根系反应的基因型差异.植物营养与肥料学报, 1996, 2(3): 212-218.

Liu G D, Li J Y, Li Z S. The genotypic differences in response of wheat root system to low-phosphorus stress. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 1996, 2(3): 212-218. (in Chinese)

[12]王庆仁, 李继云, 李振声. 磷高效基因型小麦对缺磷胁迫的根际适应性反应. 西北植物学报, 2000, 20(1): 1-7.

Wang Q R, Li J Y, Li Z S. Adapted responses in the rhizosphere of P-efficient wheat genotype to stress of phosphorus deficiency. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2000, 20(1): 1-7. (in Chinese)

[13]袁硕, 彭正萍, 沙晓晴, 王艳群. 玉米杂交种对缺磷反应的生理机制及基因型差异. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(1): 51-58.

Yuan S, Peng Z P, Sha X Q, Wang Y Q. Physiological mechanism of maize hybrids in response to P deficiency and differences among cultivars. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(1): 51-58. (in Chinese)

[14]郭程瑾, 李宾兴, 王斌, 李雁鸣, 肖凯. 小麦高效吸收和利用磷素的生理机制. 作物学报, 2006, 32(6): 827-832.

Guo C J, Li B X, Wang B, Li Y M, Xiao K. Physiological mechanisms of absorption and use of phosphorus with high efficiency in wheat cultivars. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2006, 32(6): 827-832. (in Chinese)

[15]Ma J, Gahoonia T S, Nielsen N E. Phosphorus uptake from rhizosphere soil by two wheat cultivars. Pedosphere, 1998, 8(4): 325-330.

[16]Li Y F, Luo A C, Wei X H ,Yao X G. Changes in phosphorus fractions, pH, and phosphatase activity in rhizosphere of two rice genotypes. Pedosphere, 2008, 18(6): 785-794.

[17]Hayes J E, Zhu Y G, Mimura T, Reid R J. An assessment of the usefulness of solution culture in screening for phosphorus efficiency in wheat. Plant and Soil, 2004, 261: 91-97.

[18]Mohammad N, Hans L, Michael D A B, Erik J V. Distribution of carboxylates and acid phosphatase and depletion of different phosphorus fractions in the rhizosphere of a cereal and three grain legumes. Plant and Soil, 2006, 281: 109-120.

[19]Pan X W, Li W B, Zhang Q Y, Li Y H, Liu M S. Assessment on phosphorus efficiency characteristics of soybean genotypes in phosphorus-deficient soils. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2008, 7(8): 958-969.

[20]Wang Q R, Li J Y, Li Z S, Peter C. Screening chinese wheat germplasm for phosphorus efficiency in calcareous soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2005, 28: 489-505.

[21]刘璇, 闫海丽, 张淑香. 石灰性土壤上两种磷效率小麦根际特征差异. 中国土壤与肥料, 2009(4): 37-39.

Liu X, Yan H L, Zhang S X. Differences of rhizosphere characteristics of two P-efficient wheat genotypes on two calcareous soils. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2009(4): 37-39. (in Chinese)

[22]阳显斌, 张锡洲, 李廷轩, 吴德勇. 小麦磷素利用效率的品种差异.应用生态学报, 2012, 23(1): 60-66.

Yang X B, Zhang X Z, Li T X, Wu D Y. Differences in phosphorus utilization efficiency among wheat cultivars. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(1): 60-66. (in Chinese)

[23]鲁如坤. 土壤农业化学分析方法. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2000.

Lu R K. Analysis of Soil Agrochemistry. Beijing: Chinese Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2000. (in Chinese)

[24]周志高, 熊礼明. 用孔雀绿法测定石灰性土壤水溶性磷. 土壤通报, 1998, 29(5): 218-219.

Zhou Z G, Xiong L M. Determination of water extrabtable phosphorus in calcareous soil using malachite green. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 1998, 29(5): 218-219. (in Chinese)

[25]Hinsinger P. Bioavailability of soil inorganic P in the rhizosphere as affected by root-induced chemical changes: a review. Plant and Soil, 2001, 237: 173-195.

[26]梁宏玲, 石磊, 徐芳森, 王运华. 甘蓝型油菜不同磷效率基因型对土壤难溶性磷吸收利用的差异. 中国油料作物学报, 2007, 29(3): 297-301.

Liang H L, Shi L, Xu F S, Wang Y H. The difference in uptake and utilization of soil insoluble phosphorous for various P efficient genotypes in Brassica napus. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2007, 29(3): 297-301. (in Chinese)

[27]高文星, 张莉丽, 任伟, 马斌, 周志宇. 河西走廊盐渍土不同种植年限苜蓿根际磷含量变异特征. 草业科学, 2008, 25(7): 54-58.

Gao W X, Zhang L L, Ren W, Ma B, Zhou Z Y. The changeable characteristics of phosphorus content in rhizosphere soils in different years alfalfa pastures in Hexi Corridor saline soil. Pratacultural Science, 2008, 25(7): 54-58. (in Chinese)

[28]张彦东, 白尚斌, 王政权, 王庆成. 落叶松根际土壤磷的有效性研究. 应用生态学报, 2001, 12(1): 31-34.

Zhang Y D, Bai S B, Wang Z Q, Wang Q C. Soil P availability in larch rhizosphere. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2001, 12(1): 31-34. (in Chinese)

[29]薛梓瑜, 周志宇, 詹媛媛, 任伟. 干旱荒漠区旱生灌木根际土壤磷变化特征. 生态学报, 2010, 30(2): 341-349.

Xue Z Y, Zhou Z Y, Zhan Y Y, Ren W. Changing characteristics of phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil of the xerom orphic shrubs in arid deserts. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(2): 341-349. (in Chinese)

[30]Zoysa A K N, Loganathan P, Hedledy M J. A technique for studying rhizosphere processes in tree crops: soil phosphorus depletion around camellia (Camellia japonica L.) roots. Plant and Soil, 1997, 190: 253-265.

[31]陈磊, 王盛锋, 刘荣乐, 汪洪. 不同磷供应水平下小麦根系形态及根际过程的变化特征. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(2): 324-331.

Chen L,Wang S F, Liu R L,Wang H. Changes of root morphology and rhizosphere processes of wheat under different phosphate supply. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2012,18(2): 324-331. (in Chinese)

[32]马利民, 张明, 滕衍行, 赵建夫. 三峡库区消落区周期性干湿交替环境对土壤磷释放的影响. 环境科学, 2008, 29(4): 1035-1039.

Ma L M, Zhang M, Teng Y H, Zhao J F. Characteristics of phosphorous release from soil in periodic alternately waterlogged and drained environments at WFZ of the three gorges reservoir. Environmental Science, 2008, 29(4): 1035-1039. (in Chinese)

[33]Shariatmadari H, Shirvani M, Dehghan R A. Availability of organic and inorganic phosphorus fractions to wheat in toposequences of calcareous soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2007, 38: 2601-2617.

[34]沈宏, 杨存义, 范小威, 严小龙. 大豆根系分泌物和根细胞壁对难溶性磷的活化. 生态环境, 2004, 13(4): 633-635.

Sheng H, Yang C Y, Fan X W, Yan X L. Mobilization of sparingly soluble phosphates by root exudates and root cell wall of soybean seedlings. Ecology and Environment, 2004, 13(4): 633-635. (in Chinese)

[35]黄庆海, 赖涛, 吴强, 李茶苟, 吴建华, 赵美珍. 长期施肥对红壤性水稻土有机磷组分的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(1): 63-66.

Huang Q H, Lai T, Wu Q, Li C G, Wu J H, Zhao M Z. Effect of long-term fertilization on the forms of organic phosphorus in paddy soil derived from red earth. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2003, 9(1): 63-66. (in Chinese)

[36]李志洪, 陈丹, 张福锁. 玉米根际有机磷的亏缺与积累. 吉林农业大学学报, 2003, 25(6): 639-642.

Li Z H, Chen D, Zhang F S. Depletion and accumulation of organic P in maize rhizosphere. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University, 2003, 25(6): 639-642. (in Chinese)

[37]冯跃华, 张杨珠, 黄运湘. 湖南稻田土壤有机磷组分的施磷效应、季节变化及生物有效性研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(3): 634-641.

Feng Y H, Zhang Y Z, Huang Y X. Effects of phosphatezation on organic phosphorus fractions and their seasonal variations and bioavailabilities of paddy soils in Hunan Province. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2010, 16(3): 634-641. (in Chinese)