Development and molecular cytogenetic identification of a new wheat–rye 6RL ditelosomic addition and 1R (1B) substitution line with powdery mildew resistance

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.10.004

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2025, Vol. 24

Issue (1): 72-84 DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.10.004

Crop Science

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Development and molecular cytogenetic identification of a new wheat–rye 6RL ditelosomic addition and 1R (1B) substitution line with powdery mildew resistance

Guohao Han¹, Jing Wang¹, Hanwen Yan¹, Lijun Cao¹, Shiyu Liu¹, Xiuquan Li², Yilin Zhou³, Wei Liu³, Tiantian Gu¹, Zhipeng Shi¹, Hong Liu¹, Lihui Li^2#, Diaoguo An^{1, 4#}

¹Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China

²National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

³State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

⁴Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Highlights
● Wheat–rye line YT5 exhibits powdery mildew resistance derived from rye chromosome arm 6RL.
● Cytogenetic analysis confirms YT5 as a 6RL ditelosomic addition and 1R (1B) substitution line.
● Validated 6RL-specific KASP markers facilitate efficient MAS in wheat backgrounds.

Abstract
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摘要

小麦白粉病严重威胁小麦的安全生产，利用抗病基因被认为是控制该病害最合适的措施。然而，品种间的相互杂交导致了当前主栽品种遗传背景的高度同质化。八倍体小黑麦是由小麦和黑麦人工合成的新物种，是小麦抗性改良的重要基因供体。本研究通过将八倍体小黑麦与普通小麦杂交，创制了抗白粉病小麦-黑麦后代YT5。通过基因组原位杂交、多色荧光原位杂交、多色基因组原位杂交和分子标记分析，证明YT5是6RL双端体附加与1R(1B)异代换系。白粉病遗传分析表明YT5的白粉病抗性来源于其黑麦6RL染色体。苗期利用不同白粉病菌株接种YT5, 发现YT5的叶片出现明显孢子，随后产生坏死反应，到成株期时植株表现为高抗，与黑麦染色体6RL上已报道的Pm基因表型不同。同时，YT5农艺性状较好，可作为优良桥梁材料应用于小麦遗传改良。为促进YT5的6RL上白粉病抗性的转移，选择并验证了两个黑麦6RL特异KASP标记，它们能够在不同小麦背景下检测该染色体臂，可有效服务于分子标记辅助选择育种。

Abstract

Powdery mildew is a serious disease caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) that critically threatens the yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Using effective powdery mildew resistance genes is the optimal method for controlling this disease. Against the background of high genetic homogeneity among the modern commercial cultivars that are mainly derived from conventional interbreeding, the resistance genes from wheat relatives have especially prominent advantages. Octoploid triticale, produced from common wheat and rye (Secale cereale L.) through distant hybridization, is a new synthetic species and valuable gene donor for wheat improvement. In this study, we developed the wheat–rye line YT5 through the hybridization of octaploid triticale and two wheat lines. YT5 was confirmed to be a 6RL ditelosomic addition and 1R (1B) substitution line using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mc-FISH), multicolor GISH (mc-GISH) and molecular marker analysis. Genetic analysis showed that the powdery mildew resistance in YT5 was derived from the rye chromosome arm 6RL. After inoculation with different Bgt isolates at the seedling stage, YT5 had compound reaction patterns with both obvious spores and hypersensitivity, and it gradually became highly resistant until the adult-plant stage, thus showing a resistance response significantly different from the reported Pm genes from rye chromosome 6RL. YT5 also showed promising agronomic performance, so it is expected to be an elite resistance donor for wheat improvement. To promote the transfer of the chromosome arm 6RL of YT5 in marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding, we selected and verified two 6RL-specific kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers that can be applied to efficiently detect this chromosome arm in different wheat backgrounds.

Keywords: powdery mildew common wheat Triticale 6RL ditelosomic addition line agronomic performance marker-assisted selection (MAS)

Received: 18 May 2023 Accepted: 19 June 2023

Fund:

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1200600) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272105).

About author: Guohao Han, E-mail: ghhan@ms.sjziam.ac.cn; #Correspondence Diaoguo An, Tel: +86-311-85871746, E-mail: dgan@sjziam.ac.cn; Lihui Li, E-mail: lilihui@caas.cn

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Guohao Han, Jing Wang, Hanwen Yan, Lijun Cao, Shiyu Liu, Xiuquan Li, Yilin Zhou, Wei Liu, Tiantian Gu, Zhipeng Shi, Hong Liu, Lihui Li, Diaoguo An. 2025. Development and molecular cytogenetic identification of a new wheat–rye 6RL ditelosomic addition and 1R (1B) substitution line with powdery mildew resistance. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 24(1): 72-84.

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