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Effect of Bt traits on growth and weed competitiveness of transgenic rice |
WANG Kang-xu* , ZHANG Ke-rou* , CAO Cou-gui, JIANG Yang#br# |
College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China |
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摘要
转基因逃逸可能会导致外源基因基因漂移逃逸到非转基因作物及其野生近缘种,形成野生转基因群体,进而与杂草竞争生存空间,引起生态风险。目前,尚不清楚苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt)基因在转基因水稻中的表达是否会改变转基因水稻与杂草之间的关系并导致不良的环境后果。通过田间试验,研究了转基因Bt水稻在无除草剂和控制鳞翅目害虫的环境下的杂草竞争力,并评估了Bt水稻的生态风险。结果表明,与移栽水稻相比,杂草-水稻的竞争在直播水稻中出现更早、更严重,导致直播水稻的生物量和产量显著下降。然而,在常规品种中,相同栽培方式下的Bt水稻与非Bt水稻的产量差异不显著。在生长前期和成熟期,常规品种的Bt水稻的杂草数量、杂草覆盖率和杂草多样性指数显著高于非Bt水稻,特别是在直播水稻小区中,说明Bt性状不会增加转基因水稻的杂草竞争力,也没有对杂草多样性产生不利影响。在杂交品种中,虽然不同杂交稻品系之间的籽粒产量和杂草发生数量存在差异,但是这些指标在Bt和非Bt杂交水稻之间差异不显著。杂交稻小区中昆虫的数量随着杂草数量的增加而增加,但是Bt和非Bt杂交水稻的昆虫数量和多样性无显著差异。因此,转基因Bt水稻的生态风险与非Bt水稻相当。
Abstract Transgene escape could lead to genetically modified rice establishing wild populations in the natural environment, where they would compete for survival space with weeds. However, whether the expression of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene in rice will alter the relationship between transgene plants and weeds and induce undesirable environmental consequences are poorly understood. Thus, field experiments were conducted to investigate the weed competitiveness and assess the ecological risk of transgenic Bt rice under herbicide-free and lepidopterous pest controlled environment. Results showed that weed-rice competition in direct seeding field (DS) was earlier and more serious than that in transplanting field (TP), which resulted in the significant decrease of biomass and yield in DS. However, the yield between conventional Bt and non-Bt rice was not significant difference. The weed number, weed coverage ratio and weed diversity of conventional Bt rice were significantly higher than those of non-Bt rice at the early growth stage and mature stage, especially in DS plots, suggesting that Bt traits did not increase the weed competitiveness of transgenic rice and had no negative effect on weed diversity. Grain yield and weed number varied between different hybrid rice lines, but those differences were not significant between Bt and non-Bt rice. The number of insects increased with the increase of weeds in hybrid rice plots, whereas the insect number and diversity did not display a significant difference between Bt and non-Bt rice. Therefore, the ecological risk of transgenic Bt rice is comparable to non-Bt rice.
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Online: 10 January 2023
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Fund: This study was funded by the National Science and Technology Major Project (2016ZX08001001). |
About author: Correspondence CAO Cou-gui, E-mail: ccgui@mail.hzau.edu.cn; JIANG Yang, E-mail: jiangyang@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
* These authors have contributed equally to this work |
Cite this article:
WANG Kang-xu , ZHANG Ke-rou , CAO Cou-gui, JIANG Yang.
2023. Effect of Bt traits on growth and weed competitiveness of transgenic rice. Journal of Integrative Agriculture,
Doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.01.001
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