Please wait a minute...
Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2015, Vol. 14 Issue (8): 1581-1587    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61077-2
Special Focus: Systems Research Helping toMeet the Needs and Managing the Trade-offs of a Changing W Advanced Online Publication | Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Yield and quality of maize stover: Variation among cultivars and effects of N fertilization
 LIANG Ming-yuan, WANG Gui-yan, LIANG Wei-li, SHI Peng-fei, DANG Jing, SUI Peng, HU Chun-sheng
1、Faculty of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, P.R.China
2、School of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R.China
3、Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050021, P.R.China
Download:  PDF in ScienceDirect  
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要  Biomass yields and concentrations of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and crude fiber (CF) were analyzed for five cultivars of summer-sown maize (Zea mays L.) stover grown in field trials at three rates of N fertilization, and sampled immediately after grain harvest. The results revealed differences in yields and concentrations of nutrients according to stalk height and hence harvest portion among the cultivars. N application greatly increased biomass yield and CP, especially in upper stalks and to a lesser extent, EE. Concentrations of NDF and ADF decreased as N rate increased. The results show that stovers from all local popular maize cultivars are suitable as animal fodder and that moderate N application improves feed quality of stover.

Abstract  Biomass yields and concentrations of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and crude fiber (CF) were analyzed for five cultivars of summer-sown maize (Zea mays L.) stover grown in field trials at three rates of N fertilization, and sampled immediately after grain harvest. The results revealed differences in yields and concentrations of nutrients according to stalk height and hence harvest portion among the cultivars. N application greatly increased biomass yield and CP, especially in upper stalks and to a lesser extent, EE. Concentrations of NDF and ADF decreased as N rate increased. The results show that stovers from all local popular maize cultivars are suitable as animal fodder and that moderate N application improves feed quality of stover.
Keywords:  maize       stover       fodder       quality       yield       cultivar       nitrogen  
Received: 10 March 2015   Accepted: 06 August 2015
Fund: 

The study presented in this paper was financially supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period (2012BAD14B07-01 and 2012BAD14B07-02).

Corresponding Authors:  LIANG Wei-li, Tel: +86-312-7528111,E-mail: lwl@hebau.edu.cn     E-mail:  lwl@hebau.edu.cn
About author:  LIANG Ming-yuan, E-mail: 196497765@qq.com;

Cite this article: 

LIANG Ming-yuan, WANG Gui-yan, LIANG Wei-li, SHI Peng-fei, DANG Jing, SUI Peng, HU Chun-sheng. 2015. Yield and quality of maize stover: Variation among cultivars and effects of N fertilization. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 14(8): 1581-1587.

Adams R S. 2015. Corn stover as feed for cattle, penn statewebpage. [2015-02-16]. http://extension.psu.edu/prepare/emergencyready/drought/dairylivestock/cornstover

Bai Q L, Chen S J, Dai J R. 2007. Stalk quality traits and theircorrelations of maize inbred lines in china. Acta AgronomicaSinica, 33, 1777-1781 (in Chinese)

Burkart M R, Kolpin D W. 1993. Hydrologic and land-use factorsassociated with herbicides and nitrate in near-surfaceaquifers. Journal of Environmental Quality, 22, 646-656

Chaudhary D P, Jat S L, Kumar R, Kumar A, Kumar B. 2014.Fodder quality of maize: Its preservation. In: Chaudhary DP, Kumar S, Singh S, eds., Maize: Nutrition Dynamics andNovel Uses. Springer, India. pp. 153-160

Chen B F, Sun J M, Luan M B, Zhang D. 2008. Differenceanalysis of nitrogen content among different maize varietiesin growth period. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 36,27-29 (in Chinese)

Chen Y X, Zhou D W, Zhang Y F. 2004. Temporal and spatialvariations of chemical constituents in maize. ChineseJournal of Applied Ecology, 15, 1589-1593 (in Chinese)

Connor D J, Loomis R S, Cassman K G. 2011. Crop Ecology:Productivity and Management in Agricultural Systems.Cambridge University Press, UK. pp. 24-27

Ding W M, Du X, Liu M X, Zhang J H, Cui Y H. 2010. Effectsof nitrogen management modes on yield formation andnitrogen utilization efficiency of summer maize. PlantNutrition and Fertilizer Science, 16, 1100-1107 (in Chinese)

Ertiro B T, Twumasi-Afriyie S, Blümmel M, Friesen D, NegeraD, Worku M, Abakemal D, Kitenge K. 2013. Geneticvariability of maize stover quality and the potential forgenetic improvement of fodder value. Field Crops Research,153, 79-85

Gao L J, Wang X F, Yang H Y, Li X M, Cui Z J. 2007.Construction and composition diversity of a lactic acidbacterial community SFC-2. Environmental Science, 28,1088-1094 (in Chinese)

Gao L W, Ma L, Zhang W F, Wang F H, Ma W Q, Zhang F X.2009. Estimation of nutrient resource quantity of crop strawand its utilization situation in China. Transactions of theChinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 25, 173-179(in Chinese)

Han Y W. 1998. Feed and Feeding Science. China AgriculturePress, Beijing. (in Chinese)

Jia W F. 1996. Processing and utilization of crop straw foranimal feed. Journal of Animal Husbandry in China, 1,43-44 (in Chinese)

Lauer J G, Coors J G, Flannery P J. 2001. Forage yield andquality of corn cultivars developed in different eras. CropScience, 41, 1449-1455

Li W, Lin S S, Tan Y Z. 2000. Innovated techniques oncomprehensive utilization of crop straw. Transactions ofthe Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 16, 14-17(in Chinese)

Liang W L, Caberry P, Wang G Y, Lü R H, Lü H Z, Xia A P.2011. Quantifying the yield gap in wheat-maize croppingsystems of the Hebei Plain, China. Field Crops Research,2011, 180-185

Liu X H, Wang A L, Gao W S. 1998. Promoting crop returninginto the soil for sustainable agricultural development. TheCrop Journal, 5, 1-5 (in Chinese)

Lv L H, Wang H J, Wang P. 2010. The relationship of source andsink for yield form in summer maize under different nitrogenfertilizer application rate. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,25, 194-199 (in Chinese)

Ning T Y, Zheng Y H, Han H F, Jiang G M, Li Z J. 2012. Nitrogenuptake, biomass yield and quality of intercropped springandsummer-sown maize at different nitrogen levels in theNorth China Plain. Biomass and Bioenergy, 47, 91-98

Shi H T, Yang J X, Tian Y J, Huang W M, Bi Y L, Cao Z J, Li SL. 2012. Discussion of the development and utilization ofthe nutrition value of corn stover-rich and low-cost resourcesbut haven’t been fully exploited. China Dairy Cattle, 17,3-11 (in Chinese)

Song H X, Li S X. 2002. Dynamics of nutrient accumulationin maize plants under different water and nitrogen supplyconditions. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 8, 399-403 (in Chinese)

Tai S J, Zhang R H, Shi J T, Xue J Q. 2009. Forage quality ofmaize (Zea mays) stover among different varieties. ActaPrataculturae Sinica, 18, 80-85 (in Chinese)

Tolera A, Berg T, Sundstùl F. 1999. The effect of variety onmaize grain and crop residue yield and nutritive value of thestove. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 79, 165-177

Wang M L. 2009. The nutrient dynamics and feeding value ofcorn as forage. MSc thesis, Northeast Normal University,China. (in Chinese)

Wang M L, Zhong R Z, Zhou D W. 2012. Research onappropriate harvesting time of corn and utilization mode of straw forage. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 30,18-25 (in Chinese)

Wang S, Zhang J X, Wang J L, An S Z, Yang Y. 2007. Effectof different nitrogen on yield and quality of forage maize.Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University, 30, 17-20 (inChinese)

Wang Y. 2005. The Regulation of Nutritional Value on DifferentBreeds of Corn, Corn-Stalk and Corn Silage. ChinaAgricultural University, Beijing. (in Chinese)

Wang Y H, Xu H T, Xu B, Zhang H S, Feng X X. 2010. Effect ofN fertilizer application on yield components and root systemgrowth of maize. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 3,55-57 (in Chinese)

Yan G L, Lu L, Meng Q X, Zhu H Y. 2006. Effect of applicationlevel of N fertilizer on nutritional values of corn stalks.Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 37,785-792 (in Chinese)

Yang F. 1991. Animalnutrition. China Agriculture Press, Beijing.(in Chinese)

Yang S. 1993. Feed Stuff Analysis and Identification andDetermination of Feedstuff Quality. China AgriculturalUniversity Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)

Zhang J X, Wang S. 2008. The cutting height effect foragequality and yield on different types of maize. Journal ofMaize Sciences, 16, 104-106 (in Chinese)

Zhao H X, Ning Y T, Nie Y T, Wang B W, Tian S Z, Li Z J. 2013.Comparison of yields and nutrient compositions betweendifferent harvesting heights of maize stover. ScientiaAgricultura Sinica, 46, 4354-4361 (in Chinese)

Zhao L H, Mo F, Yu R H, Zhang X M, Huang M J. 2007. Effectsof the harvesting time on nutrient sand degradabilities oforganic matter in corn stalk. China Cattle Science, 33,33-35 (in Chinese)
[1] LIU Zhu, NAN Zhen-wu, LIN Song-ming, YU Hai-qiu, XIE Li-yong, MENG Wei-wei, ZHANG Zheng, WAN Shu-bo. Millet/peanut intercropping at a moderate N rate increases crop productivity and N use efficiency, as well as economic benefits, under rain-fed conditions[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 738-751.
[2] GAO Xing, LI Yong-xiang, YANG Ming-tao, LI Chun-hui, SONG Yan-chun, WANG Tian-yu, LI Yu, SHI Yun-su. Changes in grain-filling characteristics of single-cross maize hybrids released in China from 1964 to 2014[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 691-700.
[3] Sunusi Amin ABUBAKAR, Abdoul Kader Mounkaila HAMANI, WANG Guang-shuai, LIU Hao, Faisal MEHMOOD, Abubakar Sadiq ABDULLAHI, GAO Yang, DUAN Ai-wang. Growth and nitrogen productivity of drip-irrigated winter wheat under different nitrogen fertigation strategies in the North China Plain[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 908-922.
[4] XU Chun-mei, XIAO De-shun, CHEN Song, CHU Guang, LIU Yuan-hui, ZHANG Xiu-fu, WANG Dan-ying.

Changes in the activities of key enzymes and the abundance of functional genes involved in nitrogen transformation in rice rhizosphere soil under different aerated conditions [J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 923-934.

[5] FENG Xu-yu, PU Jing-xuan, LIU Hai-jun, WANG Dan, LIU Yu-hang, QIAO Shu-ting, LEI Tao, LIU Rong-hao. Effect of fertigation frequency on soil nitrogen distribution and tomato yield under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 897-907.
[6] WANG Yuan-zheng, Olusegun IDOWU, WANG Yun, HOMMA Koki, NAKAZAKI Tetsuya, ZHENG Wen-jing, XU Zheng-jin, SHIRAIWA Tatsuhiko. Interaction effect of erect panicle genotype and environment on rice yield and yield components[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 716-726.
[7] XU Xiao-hui, LI Wen-lan, YANG Shu-ke, ZHU Xiang-zhen, SUN Hong-wei, LI Fan, LU Xing-bo, CUI Jin-jie. Identification, evolution, expression and protein interaction analysis of genes encoding B-box zinc-finger proteins in maize[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(2): 371-388.
[8] SONG Ke, QIN Qin, YANG Ye-feng, SUN Li-juan, SUN Ya-fei, ZHENG Xian-qing, LÜ Wei-guang, XUE Yong. Drip fertigation and plant hedgerows significantly reduce nitrogen and phosphorus losses and maintain high fruit yields in intensive orchards[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(2): 598-610.
[9] Irshad AHMAD, Maksat BATYRBEK, Khushnuma IKRAM, Shakeel AHMAD, Muhammad KAMRAN, Misbah, Raham Sher KHAN, HOU Fu-jiang, HAN Qing-fang.

Nitrogen management improves lodging resistance and production in maize (Zea mays L.) at a high plant density [J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(2): 417-433.

[10] GAO Hua-wei, YANG Meng-yuan, YAN Long, HU Xian-zhong, HONG Hui-long, ZHANG Xiang, SUN Ru-jian, WANG Hao-rang, WANG Xiao-bo, LIU Li-ke, ZHANG Shu-zhen, QIU Li-juan. Identification of tolerance to high density and lodging in short petiolate germplasm M657 and the effect of density on yield-related phenotypes of soybean[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(2): 434-446.
[11] TIAN Jin-yu, LI Shao-ping, CHENG Shuang, LIU Qiu-yuan, ZHOU Lei, TAO Yu, XING Zhi-peng, HU Ya-jie, GUO Bao-wei, WEI Hai-yan, ZHANG Hong-cheng. Increasing the appropriate seedling density for higher yield in dry direct-seeded rice sown by a multifunctional seeder after wheat-straw return[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(2): 400-416.
[12] YANG Wen-jia, LI Yu-lin, LIU Wei-jian, WANG Shi-wen, YIN Li-na, DENG Xi-ping. Agronomic management practices in dryland wheat result in variations in precipitation use efficiency due to their differential impacts on the steps in the precipitation use process[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(1): 92-107.
[13] JIANG Hui, GAO Ming-wei, CHEN Ying, ZHANG Chao, WANG Jia-bao, CHAI Qi-chao, WANG Yong-cui, ZHENG Jin-xiu, WANG Xiu-li, ZHAO Jun-sheng. Effect of the L-D1 alleles on leaf morphology, canopy structure and photosynthetic productivity in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(1): 108-119.
[14] ZHOU Qun, YUAN Rui, ZHANG Wei-yang, GU Jun-fei, LIU Li-jun, ZHANG Hao, WANG Zhi-qin, YANG Jian-chang. Grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and physiological performance of indica/japonica hybrid rice in response to various nitrogen rates[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(1): 63-79.
[15] ZHENG Chang, WANG Yue-chao, XU Wen-ba, YANG De-sheng, YANG Guo-dong, YANG Chen, HUANG Jian-liang, PENG Shao-bing. Border effects of the main and ratoon crops in rice ratooning system[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(1): 80-91.
No Suggested Reading articles found!