|
|
|
|
|
| Effects of Root Pruning on Non-Hydraulic Root-Sourced Signal, Drought Tolerance and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat |
| MA Shou-chen, LI Feng-min, YANG Shen-jiao, LI Chun-xi, XU Bing-cheng , ZHANG Xu-cheng |
1 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Ministry of Water Resources/Institute of Soil and Water
Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, P.R.China
2 School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, P.R.China
3 College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P.R.China
4 Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Water in Dry Farming, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals (nHRS), drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). The root pruning significantly reduced the root weight of wheat, but had no effect on root/shoot ratio at the two tested stages. At booting stage, specific root respiration of root pruned plants was significantly higher than those with intact roots (1.06 and 0.94 mmol g-1 s-1, respectively). The soil water content (SWC) at which nHRS for root pruned plants appeared was higher and terminated lower than for intact root plants, the threshold range of nHRS was markedly greater for root pruned plants (61.1-44.6% field water capacity) than for intact root plants (57.9-46.1% field water capacity). At flowering stage, while there was no significant difference in specific root respiration. The SWCs at which nHRS appeared and terminated were both higher for root pruned plants than for intact root plants. The values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., the effective photosystem II quantum yield ( PS II), the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm), coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP), and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), in root pruned plants were significantly higher than in intact root plants, 7 d after withholding of water. Root pruned plants had significantly higher water use efficiency (WUE) than intact root plants in well-watered and medium drought soil, but not in severe drought condition. In addition, root pruning had no significant effect on grain yield in well-watered and medium drought soil, but significantly decreased grain yield in severe drought condition. In conclusion, the current study showed that root pruning significantly altered nHRS sensitivity and improved WUE of winter wheat in well-watered and medium drought soil, but lowered drought tolerance of winter wheat in severe drought soil. This suggests a possible direction of droughtresistance breeding and potential agricultural measure to improve WUE of winter wheat under semiarid conditions.
Abstract Two pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of root pruning at the stem elongation stage on non-hydraulic root-sourced signals (nHRS), drought tolerance and water use efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). The root pruning significantly reduced the root weight of wheat, but had no effect on root/shoot ratio at the two tested stages. At booting stage, specific root respiration of root pruned plants was significantly higher than those with intact roots (1.06 and 0.94 mmol g-1 s-1, respectively). The soil water content (SWC) at which nHRS for root pruned plants appeared was higher and terminated lower than for intact root plants, the threshold range of nHRS was markedly greater for root pruned plants (61.1-44.6% field water capacity) than for intact root plants (57.9-46.1% field water capacity). At flowering stage, while there was no significant difference in specific root respiration. The SWCs at which nHRS appeared and terminated were both higher for root pruned plants than for intact root plants. The values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., the effective photosystem II quantum yield ( PS II), the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm), coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP), and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), in root pruned plants were significantly higher than in intact root plants, 7 d after withholding of water. Root pruned plants had significantly higher water use efficiency (WUE) than intact root plants in well-watered and medium drought soil, but not in severe drought condition. In addition, root pruning had no significant effect on grain yield in well-watered and medium drought soil, but significantly decreased grain yield in severe drought condition. In conclusion, the current study showed that root pruning significantly altered nHRS sensitivity and improved WUE of winter wheat in well-watered and medium drought soil, but lowered drought tolerance of winter wheat in severe drought soil. This suggests a possible direction of droughtresistance breeding and potential agricultural measure to improve WUE of winter wheat under semiarid conditions.
|
|
Received: 01 July 2012
Accepted:
|
| Fund: This research was supported by the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, China (10501-1201), the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period (2012BAD14B08) and the Innovation Team Program, Ministry of Education of China. |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence MA Shou-chen, Tel/Fax: +86-391-3987661, E-mail: mashouchen@126.com
E-mail: mashouchen@126.com
|
Cite this article:
MA Shou-chen, LI Feng-min, YANG Shen-jiao, LI Chun-xi, XU Bing-cheng , ZHANG Xu-cheng.
2013.
Effects of Root Pruning on Non-Hydraulic Root-Sourced Signal, Drought Tolerance and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(6): 989-998.
|
| [1]Ashraf M, Bokhari H, Cristiti S N. 1992. Variation in osmoticadjustment of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) in responseto drought. Acta Botanica Neerlandica, 41, 51-62[2]Blackman P G, Davis W J 1985. Root-to-shootcommunication in maize plants of the effects of soildrying. Journal of Experimental Botany, 36, 39-48[3]Croker J L, Witte W T, Augé R M 1998. Stomatal sensitivityof six temperature, deciduous tree species to nonhydraulicroot-to-shoot signaling of partial soil drying.Journal of Experimental Botany, 49, 761-774[4]Davies W J, Tardieu F, Trejo C L. 1994. How do chemicalsignals work in plants that grow in drying soil? PlantPhysiology, 104, 309-314[5]Dennison R F, Kiers E T, West S A. 2003. Darwinianagriculture: when can humans find solutions beyondthe reach of natural selection? Quarterly Review ofBiology, 78, 145-168[6]Duan S S, Gu W X, Zhang D Y, Li F M. 1997. Relationshipbetween root system characteristics and droughtresistance of wheat populations in semiarid region.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 8, 134-138[7](inChinese)Fan X W, Li F M, Xiong Y C, An L Z, Long R J. 2008. Thecooperative relation between non-hydraulic root signalsand osmotic adjustment under water stress improvesgrain formation for spring wheat varieties. PhysiologiaPlantarum, 132, 283-292[8]Gregory P J, Simmonds L P, Pilbeam C J. 2000. Soil type,climatic regime, and the response of water use efficiencyto crop management. Agronomy Journal, 92, 814-820[9]Gutschick V P, Simonneau T. 2002. Modelling stomatalconductance of field-grown sunflower under varyingsoilwater content and leaf environment: comparison ofthree models of stomatal response to leaf environmentand coupling with an abscisic acid-based model ofstomatal response to soil drying. Plant Cell andEnvironment, 25, 1423-1434[10]Howell T A. 2001. Enhancing water use efficiency in irrigatedagriculture. Agronomy Journal, 93, 182-289[11]Kang S Z, Zhang L, Liang Y L, Hu X T, Cai H J, Gu B J. 2002.Effects of limited irrigation on yield and water useefficiency of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China.Agriculture Water Management, 55, 203-216[12]Kramer P J. 1969. Plant and Soil Water Relationships: aModern Synthesis. McGraw-Hill, New York. p. 482.Levitt J. 1980. Response of Plants to Environmental Stress.vol. 2., Water, Radiation, Salt and Other Stresses.Academic Press, New York. p. 606.Li F M, Liu X L, Li S Q. 2001. Effects of early soil waterdistribution on the dry matter partition between rootsand shoots of winter wheat. Agriculture WaterManagement, 49, 163-171[13]Li L H, Chen S B. 2002. Study on root function efficiency ofspring wheat under different moisture condition.Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 35, 867-871 (in Chinese)[14]Liu H S, Li F M. 2005. Root respiration, photosynthesisand grain yield of two spring wheat in response to soildrying. Plant Growth Regulation, 46, 233-240[15]Lorena H S, Ernesto G. 2005. Does drought affect inbreedingdepression in the autogamous species Convolvuluschilensis (Convolvulaceae)? New Zealand Journal ofBotany, 43, 825-829[16]Ma S C, Xu B C, Li F M, Liu WZ, Huang Z B. 2008. Effectsof root pruning on competitive ability and water useefficiency in winter wheat. Field Crops Research, 105,56-63[17]Ma S C, Li F M, Xu B C, Huang Z B. 2009. Effects of rootpruning on the growth and water use efficiency of winterwheat. Plant Growth Regulation, 57, 233-241[18]Ma S C, Li F M, Xu B C, Huang Z B. 2010. Effect of loweringthe root/shoot ratio by pruning roots on water useefficiency and grain yield of winter wheat. Field CropsResearch, 115, 158-164[19]Ober E S, Sharp R E. 2003. Electophysiological response ofmaize roots to low water potentials: relationship togrowth and ABA accumulation. Journal ofExperimental Botany, 54, 813-824[20]Rohacek K. 2002. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: thedefinitions photosynthetic meaning, and mutualrelationships. Photosynthetica, 40, 13-29[21]Sayed O H. 2003. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool incereal crop research. Photosynthetica, 41, 321-330[22]Siddique K H M, Belford R K, Tennant D. 1990. Root:shootratio of old and modern, tall and semidwarf wheat in aMeditertanean environment. Plant and Soil, 121, 89-98[23]Wang F H, Wang X Q, Li S J, Bian M L, Yu Z W, Yu S L.2001. Studies on the root activities in different layers ofsoil of high-yielding wheat at the late growth period.Acta Agronomica Sinica, 27, 891-894[24]Wang Y Y, Zhou R, Zhou X. 1994. Endogenous levels ofABA and cytokinins and their relation to stomatalbehavior in dayflower (Commelina communis L.).Journal of Plant Physiology, 144, 45-48[25]Xiong Y C, Li F M, Xu B C, Hodgkinson K C. 2006a. Hydraulicand non-hydraulic root-sourced signals in old andmodern spring wheat cultivars in a semiarid area. Journalof Plant Growth Regulation, 25, 120-136[26]Xiong Y C, Li F M, Zhang T. 2006b. Performance of wheatcrops with different chromosome ploidy: root-sourcedsignals, drought tolerance and yield performance.Planta, 224, 710-718[27]Xiong Y C, Li F M, Zhang T, Xia C. 2007. Evolutionalmechanism of non-hydraulic root-to-shoot signalduring the anti-drought genetic breeding of springwheat. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59,93-205[28]Zhang S Q, Shan L, Deng X P. 2002. Relation betweengrowth of root system and water use efficiency duringthe evolution process. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47,1327-1331 (in Chinese) |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
