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1. 基于生理和转录组分析小麦对冬季夜间增温的响应
Yonghui Fan, Yue Zhang, Yu Tang, Biao Xie, Wei He, Guoji Cui, Jinhao Yang, Wenjing Zhang, Shangyu Ma, Chuanxi Ma, Haipeng Zhang, Zhenglai Huang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2025, 24 (3): 1044-1064.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.04.016
摘要58)      PDF    收藏
全球变暖的主要特征是非对称性增温,即冬春季和夜间增温幅度大于夏秋季和白天的增温幅度。为明确夜间增温对小麦叶片产生的影响,于2020~2021年的小麦生长季,以春性品种扬麦18和半冬性品种烟农19为试验材料,研究冬季夜间增温对小麦顶展叶的影响。结果表明,处理组夜间平均温度较对照组环境温度增加了1.27℃,并且冬季夜间增温提高了两个小麦品种的产量,提高了两个品种小麦花后蔗糖合成酶(SS)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性,促进了糖类和可溶性糖的合成。以q-value<0.05和Fold-change>2为筛选标准对差异基因进行分析,对已筛选的差异表达基因进行GO功能注释和KEGG pathway富集分析可知,对照与夜间增温处理下小麦叶片中的差异表达基因主要参与了淀粉和蔗糖代谢、氨基酸的生物合成、碳代谢、植物激素信号转导、氨基糖和核苷酸糖的代谢。经过各个比较组的比对,最终鉴定了14个可能与温度相关的差异表达基因。这些结果通过多种途径展示了小麦对冬季夜间增温条件下植物发育的影响。为小麦对冬季夜间增温反应的分子机制以及小麦对冬季夜间增温响应所需的潜在候选基因提供了新的见解。
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2.

生长素原初响应基因MdGH3-2/12的沉默降低了苹果对腐皮镰孢菌的抗性

Qianwei Liu, Shuo Xu, Lu Jin, Xi Yu, Chao Yang, Xiaomin Liu, Zhijun Zhang, Yusong Liu, Chao Li, Fengwang Ma
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2024, 23 (9): 3012-3024.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.003
摘要92)      PDF    收藏
苹果再植病(ARD)严重降低了苹果产业的产量和质量。腐皮镰孢菌(F. solani)已被报道为引起ARD的主要病原微生物之一。生长素(吲哚-3-乙酸,IAA)作为一种内源性植物激素,几乎参与了植物所有生长发育过程,并在植物对病原体的免疫中发挥作用。Gretchen Hagen3GH3)是早期/初级生长素响应基因之一。本研究的目的是通过用腐皮镰孢菌处理MdGH3-2/12 RNAi植株来评估MdGH3-2MdGH3-12在腐皮镰孢菌防御反应中的作用。结果表明,在腐皮镰孢菌侵染下,MdGH3-2/12 RNAi抑制了植株生物量的积累,加重了根系损伤。接种腐皮镰孢菌后,MdGH3-2/12 RNAi抑制了酰胺合成酶的生物合成。这导致游离IAA与氨基酸结合受到抑制,最终导致过量的游离IAA积累。过量的游离IAA改变了植物组织结构,加速了真菌菌丝的入侵,降低了抗氧化酶(SOD、POD和CAT)的活性,增加了活性氧(ROS)水平,降低了总叶绿素含量和光合能力,同时调节了PR1PR4PR5PR8等相关抗病基因的表达。此外还改变了植物激素和氨基酸的含量,最终降低了苹果植株对腐皮镰孢菌的抗性。总之,这些结果表明MdGH3-2MdGH3-12在ARD中对腐皮镰孢菌的抗性起着重要作用。
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3. 夜间增温通过提高开花前小麦的生长以及花后籽粒淀粉形成从而有利于提高产量
Yonghui Fan, Boya Qin, Jinhao Yang, Liangliang Ma, Guoji Cui, Wei He, Yu Tang, Wenjing Zhang, Shangyu Ma, Chuanxi Ma, Zhenglai Huang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2024, 23 (2): 536-550.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.024
摘要221)      PDF    收藏

全球变暖的主要特征是非对称性增温,即冬春季和夜间增温幅度大于夏秋季和白天的增温幅度。于2019~20202020~2021年两个小麦生长季,以扬麦18YM18)、苏麦188SM188)、烟农19YN19)和安农0711AN0711)为试验材料,采用被动式夜间增温方法,对小麦生育前期进行不同阶段夜间增温处理,即分蘖期至拔节期夜间增温处理(NWT-J)、拔节期至孕穗期夜间增温处理(NWJ-B)、孕穗期至开花期夜间增温处理(NWB-A),以不增温为对照(NN通过小麦干物质积累转运特性,籽粒蔗糖和淀粉积累特性,研究不阶段夜间增温对小麦产量形成的影响。结果表明,不同阶段夜间增温通过提高小麦的千粒重以及可孕小穗数从而提高小麦产量,NWT-J处理4个品种小麦产量均显著高于NN,半冬性小麦品种YN19和AN0711受增温的影响大于春性小麦品种YM18和SM188。NWT-J处理通过提高小麦营养生长阶段的生长速率从而增加了小麦开花期和成熟期各器官干物质积累量,且以旗叶和穗部的干物质积累量提升比例较大。NWT-J处理还提高了小麦灌浆前期和中期的籽粒蔗糖和淀粉含量,从而促进产量的形成。综上所述,分蘖到拔节期夜间增温通过促进小麦花前的生长速率从而提高了小麦的干物质生产能力进而有利于产量的提高。

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4. 新型多重耐药性整合结合元件ICEPmu3在多杀性巴氏杆菌中的鉴定
Jiao He, Zhishuang Yang, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Xinxin Zhao, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Shaqiu Zhang, Juan Huang, Xumin Ou, Di Sun, Bin Tian, Yu He, Zhen Wu, Anchun Cheng, Dekang Zhu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2024, 23 (11): 3938-3942.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.07.008
摘要113)      PDF    收藏

本研究从中国鸭中分离出一株高致病性且多重耐药的多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocidaPMHN141014基于HN141014的全基因组生物信息学分析及共轭转移试验,鉴定出一种新型的多重耐药整合接合元件ICEPmu3元件属于ICEHin1056亚家族,具有种内种间转移特性,包含除tfc1tfc20外几乎完整的Ⅳ型分泌系统,携带tetR(B)-tet(B)-tetCaph()-Iasul2-strA-strB等多种耐药基因。进一步分析发现,ICEPmu3还存在于亚洲和美洲其他3PM8禽类芽孢杆菌中。这些结果表明ICEPmu3出现和流行可能加剧养禽业中PM的防控难度

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5. 高标准农田建设是否促进粮食增产?——基于中国31个样本省的准实验数据
Shuai Hao, Guogang Wang, Yantao Yang, Sicheng Zhao, Shengnan Huang, Liping Liu, Huanhuan Zhang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2024, 23 (1): 324-335.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.11.021
摘要239)      PDF    收藏

粮食安全是国家经济发展的战略性问题中国的高标准农田建设(HSFC)是稳定粮食产量和提高粮食生产能力的重要举措。本研究基于2005-2017年中国31个样本省的面板数据,采用双重差分(DID)方法探究了高标准农田建设对粮食产量的影响。结果表明,高标准农田建设显著提高了粮食产量,并且结果具有较强稳健性。本研究认为其潜在的粮食增产机制主要包含三点,一是通过提高粮食复种指数进而促进粮食增产;二是有效降低了因干旱洪涝造成的减产损失,进而实现粮食增产;三是通过中低产田改造,提高耕地地力,进而促进粮食单产提高。异质性探究发现,高标准农田建设仅在粮食主产区和产销平衡区表现出了显著的粮食增产效应。另外,高标准农田建设显著增加稻谷、小麦、玉米的产量的同时也导致了大豆的减产鉴于此,本研究提出要继续推进高标准农田建设,提高建设标准,严控农田非农化非粮化,进一步提升粮食增产效果。同时通过市场机制进一步激励大豆种植行为,提高种豆收益,稳定提升大豆产量。

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6. 甘薯小象甲侵害诱导的(Z)-3-己烯基乙酯和别罗勒烯的昼夜节律性释放激活甘薯对甘薯小象甲的防御反应
XIAO Yang-yang, QIAN Jia-jia, HOU Xing-liang, ZENG Lan-ting, LIU Xu, MEI Guo-guo, LIAO Yin-yin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (6): 1782-1796.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.02.020
摘要206)      PDF    收藏

甘薯小象虫(Cylas formicarius Fab.)(Coleoptera: Brentidae))是一种以甘薯(Ipomoea batatasL.Lam.Solanales: Convolvulaceae))为食的害虫,每年造成巨大的经济损失。然而,目前还没有找到安全有效的方法来保护甘薯免受甘薯小象甲的侵害。昆虫侵害诱导的植物挥发物(HIPVs)能激活多种防御的生物活性,但它们在甘薯中的形成和防御机制仍未清晰。为了明确甘薯中合成的防御性HIPVs,我们监测了虫侵害过程中甘薯挥发物的释放动态。通过稳定同位素示踪以及转录和代谢水平的分析,揭示了候选HIPVs的生物合成途径和调控因子。最后,对候选HIPVs的抗虫活性和防御机制进行了评估。本研究表明,(Z)-3-己烯基乙酯(z3HAC)和别罗勒烯由甘薯小象甲诱导合成,具有明显的昼夜节律。本文还首次报道了Ipomoea batatas ocimene synthaseIbOS)是别罗勒烯合成路径的基因。昆虫侵害造成的损伤促进了底物 (Z)-3-己烯醇的积累,并上调了IbOS的表达,从而分别导致z3HAC和别罗勒烯含量的增加。z3HAC和别罗勒烯气体分子能激活临近植株对甘薯小象甲的防御能力。本研究提供了关于甘薯防御性挥发物的形成、调控和信号转导机制的信息,对于建立有效的甘薯小象甲防治措施具有重要意义。

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7. JIA-2022-0189 滴灌模式下施氮制度对华北冬小麦产量和氮素生产力的影响
Sunusi Amin ABUBAKAR, Abdoul Kader Mounkaila HAMANI, WANG Guang-shuai, LIU Hao, Faisal MEHMOOD, Abubakar Sadiq ABDULLAHI, GAO Yang, DUAN Ai-wang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (3): 908-922.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.107
摘要312)      PDF    收藏

过量施氮是华北冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.生产过程中氮素流失和利用效率低下的主要原因。滴灌水肥一体化被认为是提高氮素利用效率、减少氮素损失的有效方法,然而由于缺乏科学的施氮制度限制了当下水肥一体化滴灌施肥应用效果。通过设置2年田间试验,设计了5个随水施氮(46% N尿素,240 kg ha-2)处理和1个缓释氮肥(43% N240 kg ha-1)处理,5个随水施氮制度分别是:N0-1000%在播种期,100%在拔节期/孕穗期),N25-7525%在播种期,75%在拔节期/孕穗期),N50-5050%在播种期,50%在拔节期/孕穗期),N75-2575%在播种期,25%在拔节期/孕穗期),N100-0100%在播种期,0%在拔节期/孕穗期)和缓控肥(100%在播种期)研究了不同水肥一体化施氮制度对滴灌冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响。研究结果显示:氮肥基/追比改变显著影响了冬小麦产量、产量组成、地上生物量(ABM)、水分利用效率(WUE)和氮肥偏生产力(NPEP)。相比其它处理,N50-50缓释氮肥处理效果最好,产量(8.848.85 t ha-1ABM20.6720.83 t ha-1)、WUE2.282.17 kg m-3)和NPFP36.8236.88 kg kg-1)。本研究结果表明,在华北地区冬小麦生产过程中运用滴灌水肥一体化施氮(最佳尿素基/追比为50:50综合成本较低,相比等量施用较为昂贵的缓释肥很有竞争力。虽然在冬小麦生产过程中单次施用缓释肥可以有效降低高额的人工成本,但是如今人力成本不断攀升的情况下,使用滴灌水肥一体化施氮(尿素基/追肥比为50:50)为华北农民获得冬小麦增产、增收提供了一种新型灌溉施肥方式。

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8. 基于奇亚(Salvia hispanica) FAD2FAD3的油菜(Brassica napus) α-亚麻酸的生物技术
XUE Yu-fei, INKABANGA TSEKE Alain, YIN Neng-wen, JIANG Jia-yi, ZHAO Yan-ping, LU Kun, LI Jia-na, DING Yan-song, ZHANG Shi-qing, CHAI You-rong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (12): 3810-3815.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.05.018
摘要123)      PDF    收藏
α-亚麻酸(ALA, 18:3Δ9,12,15)是人类必需的脂肪酸,因为它是合成ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA)的前体物质。当今世界,人们普遍缺乏ALA,因为大多数大宗食用油中ALA含量较低或缺乏,基于生物技术提升大宗油料作物的ALA含量是一种很有前途的策略。在已知的油料作物中,奇亚(Salvia hispanica)的种子油中ALA含量最高。在本研究中,基于连接肽LP4-2A,我们构建了奇亚FAD2FAD3的融合基因,然后构建了其种子特异性启动子PNapA驱动的植物表达载体,通过根癌农杆菌介导成功转化到大宗油料作物甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)中。在T0、T1和T2株系的种子中,ALA的平均含量分别为20.86%、23.54%和24.92%,分别为未转化材料(对照)的2.21、2.68和3.03倍(含量分别为9.42%、8.78%和8.22%)。T0、T1和T2植株的种子中,最高ALA含量分别为38.41%、35.98%和39.19%,是对照的4.10—4.77倍。转基因株系中,脂肪酸(FA)途径结构基因BnACCD、BnFATA、BnSAD、BnSCD、BnDGAT1、BnDGAT2BnDGAT3以及正调控转录因子的编码基因BnWRI1、BnLEC1、BnL1L、BnLEC2、BnABI3、BnbZIP67BnMYB96均显著上调,而油脂积累负调控因子、次生代谢正调控因子的编码基因BnTT1、BnTT2、BnTT8、BnTT16、BnTTG1BnTTG2均显著下调,这表明外源融合基因ShFAD2-ShFAD3直接和间接地重塑了转基因油菜种子中FA相关的整个代谢网络的正、负效应位点。
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9. 大白菜抗根肿病的全长转录组和可变剪切的综合分析
SU He-nan, YUAN Yu-xiang, YANG Shuang-juan, WEI Xiao-chun, ZHAO Yan-yan, WANG Zhi-yong, QIN Liu-yue, YANG Zhi-yuan, NIU Liu-jing, LI Lin, ZHANG Xiao-wei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (11): 3284-3295.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.014
摘要197)      PDF    收藏

字花科芸薹属根肿病是由芸薹根肿菌(Plasmodiophora brassicae)侵染引起的世界范围内普遍发生的一种重要土传病害,在全世界多个国家均有分布。以往对大白菜抗根肿病基因的研究主要采用转录组测序技术,不能提供准确的转录本组装和结构信息。本研究采用PacBio RS II SMRT测序技术,获得了大白菜根肿病DH40R接菌02581322天混合根全长转录组。总的来说,从SMRT测序数据中发现了39,376个高质量转录本和26,270开放阅读框。此外,还鉴定出426个注释的长链非编码RNA56个转录因子家族、1883个具有poly(A)位点的基因和1691可变剪切事件。另外,其中有1202个基因在DH40R中至少有一个AS事件。与以往的RNA-seq数据比较显示,6个差异表达的AS基因(1个抗病,5个防御反应)可能参与了根肿病抗性防御。

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10. 葡萄籽提取物对高氧包装肉饼肉色和提前褐变的影响
YANG Xiao-yin, XU Bao-chen, LEI Hong-mei, LUO Xin, ZHU Li-xian, ZHANG Yi-min, MAO Yan-wei, LIANG Rong-rong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (8): 2445-2455.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63854-6
摘要267)      PDF    收藏

研究调查了葡萄籽提取物(GSE)对高氧气调包装HiOx-MAP肉饼的生鲜肉色、熟制肉色和提前褐变的影响。GSE在肉饼中的添加量为00.10.250.50.75 g kg-1。本研究测定了生肉饼在4贮藏10天过程中的表面肉色、pH值、脂肪氧化和菌落总数(TVC),测定了加热至66℃或71℃时肉饼的中心肉色和pH值。与对照组(0 g kg-1 GSE)相比,GSE改善了5-10天生肉饼的肉色稳定性 (P<0.05),并且显著抑制了脂肪氧化和肌红蛋白氧化,但对TVC没有显著影响 (P>0.05)。添加0.50.75 g kg-1 GSE的肉饼在贮藏后期熟制至66℃时,中心红度比对照组高(P<0.05),并且减少了熟肉饼的PMB程度。以上结果表明,0.50.75 g kg-1 GSE的添加可以改善HiOx-MAP肉饼的生鲜肉色并减少PMB的发生。


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11. 谷氨酰胺转录调控玉米根铵转运蛋白ZmAMTs基因表达
HUI Jing, LIU Zhi, DUAN Feng-ying, ZHAO Yang, LI Xue-lian, AN Xia, WU Xiang-yu, YUAN Li-xing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (8): 2413-2421.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63753-X
摘要167)      PDF    收藏

本文利用玉米水培分根体系发现,局部供铵到缺氮根系可以显著诱导ZmAMT1;1aZmAMT1;3基因的表达水平。测定15N标记铵吸收速率与根组织氨基酸含量发现,铵诱导的ZmAMT1s基因表达与根系铵吸收能力及谷氨酰胺含量显著正相关。外界添加谷氨酰胺合成酶抑制剂MSX时,供铵则不能诱导缺氮根系中ZmAMT1;1aZmAMT1;3基因的表达,表明铵的同化产物谷氨酰胺,而不是铵本身,负责调控ZmAMT1s基因表达。此外,外界供应不同浓度谷氨酰胺到缺氮根系发现,较低浓度的谷氨酰胺就能够诱导ZmAMT1s基因表达,但高浓度谷氨酰胺却能够抑制其表达。以上研究结果表明,为了严格调节玉米根系铵吸收能力,铵转运蛋白ZmAMT1s基因在转录水平被严谨调控,与根内谷氨酰胺水平密切相关


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12. Wheat straw biochar amendment suppresses tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum: Potential effects of rhizosphere organic acids and amino acids
TIAN Ji-hui, RAO Shuang, GAO Yang, LU Yang, CAI Kun-zheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (9): 2450-2462.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63455-4
摘要136)      PDF    收藏

本研究旨在评估生物炭控制番茄枯萎病的有效性,并探讨生物炭引起的根际化合物组成变化、病原菌和番茄生长之间的相互作用。设置了小麦秸秆生物炭添加(CK:不添加生物炭,BC:添加4%的生物炭)与青枯雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)接种(NI:不接种青枯菌,I:接种青枯菌)对番茄根际有机酸和氨基酸组分、微生物活性、养分有效性和番茄发病率影响的盆栽试验;同时研究了纯培养条件下,不同处理的番茄根际提取物对青枯菌生长的影响。盆栽试验结果表明,生物炭添加使番茄青枯病发病率降低了61%到78%,同时促进了番茄植株的生长。培养试验的结果进一步证实,添加生物炭的番茄根际提取物可显著抑制青枯菌的生长,其最终青枯菌密度显著低于未添加生物炭的根际提取物。这种正向的“生物炭效应”可能与根际微生物活性的增强和根际有机酸、氨基酸组分的改变有关。具体而言,生物炭诱导了番茄根际柠檬酸和赖氨酸含量升高,但水杨酸含量降低,从而增强了微生物活性,使番茄根际不适合青枯菌的发育。此外,微生物活性增强活化的土壤养分和/或生物炭输入的养分促进了植株生长,进一步强化了番茄对青枯病的抗性。综合以上结果,本文提出生物炭控制番茄枯萎病的能力与其诱导的番茄根际有机酸、氨基酸组成的变化有关,相关结论仍需田间长期试验的进一步验证。


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13. Effects of long-term straw incorporation on nematode community composition and metabolic footprint in a rice–wheat cropping system
CHEN Yun-feng, XIA Xian-ge, HU Cheng, LIU Dong-hai, QIAO Yan, LI Shuang-lai, FAN Xian-peng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (8): 2265-2276.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63435-9
摘要156)      PDF    收藏

土壤线虫群落能指示土壤食物网结构与功能,对短期秸秆还田等农业管理措施比较敏感。但目前关于不同肥力条件下长期秸秆还田对线虫群落的影响研究较少。基于13年长期秸秆还田试验,本研究通过分析线虫群落结构、食物网指数、代谢足迹,评价了低肥力(不施肥化肥)和高肥力条件下(长期施用化肥)秸秆还田对土壤食物网结构和功能的影响。试验设置4个处理,分别为低肥力条件下秸秆不还田处理和还田处理,高肥力条件下秸秆不还田处理和还田处理。2018年在小麦和水稻收获后取样,取样深度20 cm。结果表明:低肥力条件下,与不还田处理相比,秸秆还田处理线虫总丰度、食细菌线虫丰度、植物寄生线虫丰度、杂食-捕食线虫丰度及占线虫总丰度的比例分别比不还田处理高73.06%,89.29%,95.31%,238.98%和114.61%,高肥力条件下则分别高16.23%,2.23%,19.01%,141.38%和90.23%。在不考虑取样时间和肥力条件下,与不还田处理相比,秸秆还田提高了线虫群落仙农-维纳指数和成熟度指数,表明秸秆还田提高了线虫群落多样性和稳定性。此外,秸秆还田对线虫群落富集指数、富集足迹、食细菌线虫和食真菌线虫代谢足迹影响不显著,但显著提高了植物寄生线虫代谢足迹和结构足迹,低肥力条件下提高了97.27%和305.39% ,高肥力条件下提高了11.29%和149.56%,对结构指数的影响尽管在统计上不显著,但呈现出上升的趋势,这表明秸秆还田对线虫群落的自下而上调节能力较弱,而自上而下调节能力较强。总之,长期秸秆还田主要通过自上而下效应调节线虫群落,提高了线虫群落丰度,改变了线虫群落结构,且在低肥力条件下作用更强。


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14. Evaluation of drought tolerance in ZmVPP1-overexpressing transgenic inbred maize lines and their hybrids
JIA Teng-jiao, LI Jing-jing, WANG Li-feng, CAO Yan-yong, MA Juan, WANG Hao, ZHANG Deng-feng, LI Hui-yong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (9): 2177-2187.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62828-5
摘要140)      PDF    收藏
The vacuolar proton-pumping pyrophosphatase gene (VPP) is often used to enhance plant drought tolerance via genetic engineering.  In this study, the drought tolerance of four transgenic inbred maize lines overexpressing ZmVPP1 (PH4CV-T, PH6WC-T, Chang7-2-T, and Zheng58-T) and their transgenic hybrids was evaluated at various stages.  Under normal and drought conditions, the height and fresh weight were greater for the four transgenic inbred maize lines than for the wild-type (WT) controls at the germination and seedling stages.  Additionally, the transgenic plants exhibited enhanced photosynthetic efficiency at the seedling stage.  In irrigated and non-irrigated fields, the four transgenic lines grew normally, but with increased ear weight and yield compared with the WT plants.  Moreover, the ear weight and yield of the transgenic hybrids resulting from the PH4CV-T×PH6WC-W and Chang7-2-T×Zheng58-W crosses increased in the non-irrigated field.  Our results demonstrated that the growth and drought tolerance of four transgenic inbred maize lines with improved photosynthesis were enhanced by the overexpression of ZmVPP1.  Moreover, the Chang7-2 and PH4CV transgenic lines may be useful for future genetic improvements of maize hybrids to increase drought tolerance.
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15.
Monoclonal antibody-based serological detection of potato virus M in potato plants and tubers
ZHANG Yu, GAO Yan-ling, HE Wan-qin, WANG Ya-qin, QIAN Ya-juan, ZHOU Xue-ping, WU Jian-xiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (5): 1283-1291.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62755-3
摘要134)      PDF    收藏
Potato virus M (PVM) is one of the common and economically important potato viruses in potato-growing regions worldwide.  To investigate and control this viral disease, efficient and specific detection techniques are needed.  In this study, PVM virions were purified from infected potato plants and used as the immunogen to produce hybridomas secreting PVM-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).  Four highly specific and sensitive murine MAbs, i.e., 1E1, 2A5, 8A1 and 17G8 were prepared through a conventional hybridoma technology.  Using these four MAbs, we have developed an antigen-coated plate (ACP)-ELISA, a dot-ELISA and a Tissue print-ELISA for detecting PVM infection in potato plants and tubers.  PVM could be detected in infected potato plant tissue crude extracts diluted at 1:10 240 (w/v, g mL–1) by the dot-ELISA or at 1:163 840 (w/v, g mL–1) by the ACP-ELISA.  The Tissue print-ELISA is the quickest and easiest assay among the three established serological assays and is more suitable for onsite large-scale sample detection.  Detection results of the field-collected samples showed that PVM is currently widespread in the Yunnan and the Heilongjiang provinces in China.  The field sample test results of the developed serological assays were supported by the results from RT-PCR and DNA sequencing.  We consider that the newly established ACP-ELISA, dot-ELISA and Tissue print-ELISA can benefit PVM detection in potato plant and tuber samples and field epidemiological studies of PVM.  These assays can also facilitate the production of virus-free seed potatoes and breeding for PVM-resistant potato cultivars, leading to the successful prevention of this potato viral disease.
 
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16. Temporal dynamics of nutrient balance, plasma biochemical and immune traits, and liver function in transition dairy cows
SUN Bo-fei, CAO Yang-chun, CAI Chuan-jiang, YU Chao, LI Sheng-xiang, YAO Jun-hu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (3): 820-837.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63153-7
摘要102)      PDF    收藏
The objective of this study was to analyze the dynamics of nutrient balance, physiological biomarkers and comprehensive indexes associated with metabolism and function of organs in transition cows. Fourteen transition cows were used for this research. Dietary intake was recorded daily, and samples of the diet, venous blood and milk were collected for measurements. The balance values of net energy for lactation (NEL ), metabolizable protein (MP), and metabolizable glucose (MG) were calculated, and regression analysis and calculation of comprehensive indexes were performed. Accordingly, the prepartum cows presented positive balances of NEL , MP, and MG, while severe negative balances were found during the postpartum period. Dynamic changes of energy metabolism, nutrient mobilization, liver function, anti-oxidative status and immune response, as indicated by blood biomarkers and modified comprehensive indexes, were out of sync with the calculated balance values, but they were closely related to the day relative to calving. Compared with the 21 d prepartum, the plasma concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) were significantly increased around and after calving (P<0.05), and similar variation tendency was observed for most of other parameters. The occurrence of parturition and the initiation of lactation were more responsible for the negative balances of nutrients in transition dairy cows. Although negative balances of NEL , MP and MG were not observed using the assessment model, the nutritional strategies should be applied before calving, because metabolic adaptations had been validated during the prepartum period. In addition, it was plausible to conclude that the decline of hepatic metabolism, defense function and insulin sensitivity are critical causes of metabolic dysfunction.
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17. Silicon impacts on soil microflora under Ralstonia Solanacearum inoculation
LIN Wei-peng, JIANG Ni-hao, PENG Li, FAN Xue-ying, GAO Yang, WANG Guo-ping, CAI Kun-zheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (1): 251-264.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62122-7
摘要148)      PDF    收藏
Silicon (Si) can increase plant resistance against bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and enhance plant immune response.  However, whether Si alleviates soil-borne disease stress through altering soil microbial community component and diversity is not clear.  In this study, effects of Si application under R. solanacearum inoculation with or without plant on soil bacterial and fungal communities were investigated through high-throughput pyrosequencing technique.  The results showed that Si addition significantly reduced bacterial wilt incidence.  However, Si did not reduce the amount of R. solanacearum in rhizosphere soil.  Principal components analysis showed that soil microbial community composition was strongly influenced by Si addition.  Total 63.7% bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 43.8% fungal OTUs were regulated by Si addition regardless of the presence of tomato plants, indicating the independent effects of Si on soil microbial community.  Si-added soil harbored a lower abundance of Fusarium, Pseudomonas, and Faecalibacterium.  Our finding further demonstrated that exogenous Si could significantly influence soil microbial community component, and this may provide additional insight into the mechanism of Si-enhanced plant resistance against soil-borne pathogens.
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18. iTRAQ protein profile analysis of soybean stems reveals new aspects critical for lodging in intercropping systems
LIU Wei-guo, WEN Bing-xiao, ZHOU Tao, WANG Li, GAO Yang, LI Shu-xian, QIN Si-si, LIU Jiang, YANG Wen-yu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (9): 2029-2040.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62123-9
摘要144)      PDF    收藏
Soybean is often intercropped with maize, sugarcane, and sorghum.  Because of the shade coming from the latter, the soybean stem lodging is often a very serious problem in intercropping systems.  The aim of this study is to characterize the possible mechanisms in the stem of shade-induced promotion of seedling soybean lodging in intercropping systems at the proteome level.  We found that the soybean stem became slender and prone to lodging when it was planted with maize in an intercropping system.  The inhibition of lignin biosynthesis and lack of photosynthate (soluble sugar) for the biosynthesis of the cell wall led to the lower internode breaking strength.  A total of 317 proteins were found to be affected in the soybean stem in response to shade.  Under the shade stress, the down-expression of key enzymes involving the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway inhibited lignin biosynthesis.  The up-regulation of expansin and XTHs protein expression relaxed the cell wall and promoted the elongation of internodes.  Although the expression of the enzymes involving sucrose synthesis increased in the soybean stem, the lack of a carbon source prevented rapid stem growth.  This metabolic deficit is the principal cause of the lower cellulose content in the stem of intercropped soybean, which leads to weakened stems and a propensity for lodging.
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19. Crosstalk of cold and gibberellin effects on bolting and flowering in flowering Chinese cabbage
SONG Shi-wei, LEI Yu-ling, HUANG Xin-min, SU Wei, CHEN Ri-yuan, HAO Yan-wei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (5): 992-1000.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62063-5
摘要191)      PDF    收藏
The flower stalk is the product organ of flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee), which is cultivated extensively in South China.  Flower stalk formation and development, including bolting and flowering, determine the yield of flowering Chinese cabbage; however, the bolting and flowering mechanisms remain to be explored.  To elucidate these processes, we studied the effects of low-temperature and gibberellin (GA) treatments, and their interaction, on stem elongation, bolting time, flowering time, hormone content, and cell morphology in stem of flowering Chinese cabbage.  The results showed that both cold and GA treatments accelerated bolting time, stem elongation, and flowering time.  Moreover, cold and GA cotreated plants displayed additive positive effects.  In addition, cold treatments increased the GA, indole-3-acetic acid, and cytokinin contents and altered cell size in the shoot apices of flowering Chinese cabbage.  Treatment with uniconazole, a GA synthesis inhibitor, strongly delayed bolting time, stem elongation, and flowering time, whereas GA, but not cold treatment, rescued this inhibition, indicating that low temperature accelerates bolting and flowering not only through inducing GA in the shoot apices, but also other ways.  These results provide a theoretical basis for further dissecting the regulatory mechanism of bolting and flowering in flowering Chinese cabbage.
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20. Invasion biology of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley: Current knowledge and future directions
TONG Hao-jie, AO Yan, LI Zi-hao, WANG Ying, JIANG Ming-xing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (4): 758-770.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61972-0
摘要307)      PDF(pc) (825KB)(667)    收藏
The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), which is native to North America, emerged as a major invasive insect pest of multiple crops in Asia at the beginning of the 21st century.  Considering the economic significance of this insect and its rapid worldwide spread, we examined the possible factors driving its invasions.  In this paper, we summarize the life history traits of P. solenopsis conceivably related to population development in invaded regions; these traits include its use of diverse host plants, reproductive capacity and mode, adaptation to temperature, response to food shortage, and insecticidal resistance.  Then, focusing on the multiple trophic interactions that may promote or hinder invasion, we review the mutualistic relationship of this mealybug with ants and predation and parasitism by natural enemies.  Finally, we suggest topics for future research and provide our perspective on the biological invasions of this mealybug.  We speculate that specific biological factors associated with this mealybug, particularly its wide host range, high reproductive potential, evolved changes in life history traits, and mutualism with ants have played important roles in its invasions, allowing this pest to become established and rapidly increase its population upon its introduction into new regions.
 
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21. Recent advances in molecular biology research of a rice pest, the brown planthopper
BAO Yan-yuan, ZHANG Chuan-xi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (4): 716-728.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61888-4
摘要254)      PDF(pc) (771KB)(358)    收藏
The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål, has become a major threat in tropical Asian and China since the rice green revolution of the 1960s.  Currently, insecticide application remains the primary choice for controlling this rice insect pest, but heavy use of insecticides poses dangerous risks to beneficial natural enemies and pollinators, and stimulates N. lugens reproductivity, and has caused a resurgence of the pest in the major rice-planting regions throughout Asia.  Achieving the long-lasting goal of sustainable management of N. lugens requires understanding of the molecular basis of outbreaks of the pest and the development of environment-friendly pest-control strategies.  Here, we review the recent molecular advances in N. lugens research on the aspects of its endosymbionts, virus transmission, insecticide resistance, and interaction between N. lugens and rice plants.  We also put forward further research directions that may shed some lights on management of the rice pest.
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22. Supplemental blue and red light promote lycopene synthesis in tomato fruits
XIE Bao-xing, WEI Jing-jing, ZHANG Yi-ting, SONG Shi-wei, SU Wei, SUN Guang-wen, HAO Yanwei, LIU Hou-cheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (3): 590-598.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62062-3
摘要269)      PDF(pc) (440KB)(711)    收藏
Lycopene, one of the strongest natural antioxidants known and the main carotene in ripe tomato, is very important for human health.  Light is well known to be one of the most important environmental stimuli influencing lycopene biosynthesis; specifically, red light induces higher lycopene content in tomato.  However, whether blue light promotes lycopene synthesis remains elusive and exactly how light stimulation promotes lycopene synthesis remains unclear.  We applied supplemental blue and red lighting on tomato plants at anthesis to monitor the effect of supplemental blue and red lighting on lycopene synthesis.  Our results showed that supplemental blue/red lighting induced higher lycopene content in tomato fruits; furthermore, we found that the expression of key genes in the lycopene synthesis pathway was induced by supplemented blue/red light.  The expression of light signaling components, such as red-light receptor phytochromes (PHYs), blue-light receptor cryptochromes (CRYs) and light interaction factors, phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) were up- or down-regulated by blue/red lighting.  Thus, blue and red light increased lycopene content in tomatoes by inducing light receptors that modulate HY5 and PIFs activation to mediate phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1) gene expression.  These results provide a sound theoretical basis for further elucidation of the light regulating mechanism of lycopene synthesis in tomatoes, and for instituting a new generation of technological innovations for the enhancement of lycopene accumulation in crop production.
 
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23. Rhizosphere soil bacterial community composition in soybean genotypes and feedback to soil P availability
ZHOU Tao, WANG Li, DU Yong-li, LIU Ting, LI Shu-xian, GAO Yang, LIU Wei-guo, YANG Wen-yu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (10): 2230-2241.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62115-X
摘要143)      PDF    收藏
Soil with low phosphorus (P) availability and organic matter contents exists in large area of southwest of China, but some soybean genotypes still show well adaptations to this low yield farmland.  However, to date, the underlying mechanisms of how soybean regulates soil P availability still remains unclear, like microbe-induced changes.  The objective of the present study was to compare the differences of rhizosphere bacterial community composition between E311 and E109 in P-sufficiency (10.2 mg kg–1) and P-insufficiency (5.5 mg kg–1), respectively, which then feedback to soil P availability.  In P-sufficiency, significant differences of the bacterial community composition were observed, with fast-growth bacterial phylum Proteobacteria, genus Dechloromonas, Pseudomonas, Massilia, and Propionibacterium that showed greater relative abundances in E311 compared to E109, while in P-insufficiency were not.  A similar result was obtained  that E311 and E109 were clustered together in P-insufficiency rather than in P-sufficiency by using principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis.  The quadratic relationships between bacterial diversity and soil P availability in rhizosphere were analyzed, confirming that bacterial diversity enhanced the soil P availability.  Moreover, the high abundance of Pseudomonas and Massilia in the rhizosphere of E311 might increased the P availability.  In the present study, the soybean E311 showed capability of shaping rhizosphere bacterial diversity, and subsequently, increasing soil P availability.  This study provided a strategy for rhizosphere management through soybean genotype selection and breeding to increase P use efficiency, or upgrade middle or low yield farmland.
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24. Effects of short-term heat stress on PSII and subsequent recovery for senescent leaves of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Red Globe
ZHANG Kun, CHEN Bai-hong, HAO Yan, YANG Rui, WANG Yu-an
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (12): 2683-2693.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62143-4
摘要351)      PDF(pc) (501KB)(142)    收藏
Heat stress occurs frequently in energy-saving sunlight greenhouses (ESSG) at the late growth stage.  Three-year delayed cultivation (DC) of the Red Globe cultivar of Vitis vinifera L. was used to clarify the physiological mechanisms of short-term heat stress on PSII and subsequent recovery from heat stress.  By November, the photosynthetic function had declined and the fall in transpiration rate (E) with heating time increased the possibility of heat damage.  In July, the most obvious increase was in the relative variable fluorescence at J point at 40°C, and in November it changed to K point.  The 5 min of heat treatment resulted in a significant increase of the relative variable fluorescence at 0.3 ms (Wk), and after 10 min of heat treatment, the number of reactive centres per excited cross section (RC/CSo), probability that a trapped exciton moves an electron into the electron transport chain beyond QA– (at t=0) (Ψo) and quantum yield of electron transport at t=0 (φEo) decreased significantly (P<0.05), suggesting that the reaction centre, donor and acceptor side of photosystem II (PSII) were all significantly inhibited (P<0.05) and that the thermal stability of the photosynthetic mechanism was reduced.  The inhibition of energy fluxes for senescent leaves in November was earlier and more pronounced than that for healthy leaves, which did not recover from heat stress of more than 15 min after 2 h recovery at room temperature.
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25. Intergenic spacer 1 (IGS1) polymorphism map: A marker for the initial classification of cultivated Lentinula edodes strains in China
SONG Xiao-xia, ZHAO Yan, SONG Chun-yan, LI Chuan-hua, CHEN Ming-jie, HUANG Jian-chun, TAN Qi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (11): 2458-2466.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61967-7
摘要295)      PDF    收藏
China is currently the world’s leading producer of Lentinula edodes and owns many cultivated strains of this species.  This study was performed in order to investigate intergenic spacer 1 (IGS1) polymorphism and classification among 49 popular cultivated strains.  The great majority of the 49 strains possessed two different IGS1 sequences, with distinct lengths and homologies.  Based on the length and homology of the IGS1 sequences of the 49 strains, the strains were classified into two groups: A and B.  Group A was subdivided into six subgroups.  Forty-seven strains were homozygous or heterozygous among these six subgroups in group A, Cr01 was heterozygous between A and B, and Guangxiang 9 was homozygous in group B.  An IGS1 polymorphism map of each cultivated L. edodes strain is reported for the first time and could be used as a marker for the initial classification and management of cultivated L. edodes strains in China. 
 
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26. Supplemental blue light increases growth and quality of greenhouse pak choi depending on cultivar and supplemental light intensity
ZHENG Yin-jian, ZHANG Yi-ting, LIU Hou-cheng, LI Ya-min, LIU Ying-liang, HAO Yan-wei, LEI Bing-fu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (10): 2245-2256.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62064-7
摘要364)      PDF    收藏
To evaluate the supplementary blue light intensity on growth and health-promoting compounds in pak choi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. communis), four blue light intensity treatments (T0, T50, T100 and T150 indicate 0, 50, 100, and 150 μmol m–2 s–1, respectively) were applied 10 days before harvest under greenhouse conditions.  Both of cultivars (green- and red-leaf pak choi) under T50 had the highest yield, content of chlorophyll and sugars.  With light intensity increasing, antioxidant compounds (vitamin C and carotenoids) significantly increased, while nitrate content showed an opposite trend.  The health-promoting compounds (phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and glucosinolates) were significantly higher under supplementary light treatment than T0, so as the antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric-reducing antioxidant power).  The species-specific differences in photosynthetic pigment and health-promoting compounds was found in green- and red-leaf pak choi.  T50 treatment could be used for yield improvement, whereas T100 treatment could be applied for quality improvement.  Results showed that blue light intensity can regulate the accumulation of biomass, morphology and health-promoting compounds in pak choi under greenhouse conditions.
 
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27. Identification and characterization of Pichia membranifaciens Hmp-1 isolated from spoilage blackberry wine
WANG Ying, ZHAO Yan-cun, FAN Lin-lin, XIA Xiu-dong, LI Ya-hui, ZHOU Jian-zhong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (09): 2126-2136.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62027-1
摘要416)      PDF    收藏
The pellicle-forming yeast could cause the quality deterioration of wine.  In this study, a pellicle-forming strain Hmp-1 was isolated from the spoilage blackberry wine, and identified as Pichia membranifaciens based on the morphology and partial nucleotide sequence of 26S rDNA.  The effects of fermentation conditions (ethanol, sulfur dioxide, sugar, and temperature) on the growth of P. membranifaciens strain Hmp-1 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain FM-S-115 (a strain used for the blackberry wine fermentation) were investigated, respectively.  The results indicated that Hmp-1 had lower resistance to these factors compared to FM-S-115, and the growth of Hmp-1 was completely inhibited by 10% (v/v) or 50 mg L–1 SO2 during the fermentation of blackberry wine.  These results suggested that Hmp-1 could effectively be controlled by increasing ethanol or SO2 concentration during the fermentation and storage of blackberry wine.  Furthermore, the analysis based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that Hmp-1 remarkably decreased kinds of volatile compounds in blackberry wine, especially aldehydes and esters.  In addition, some poisonous compounds were detected in the blackberry wine fermented by FM-S-115 and Hmp-1.  These results suggested that Hmp-1 was a major cause leading to the quality deterioration of blackberry wine.
 
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28. Implications of step-chilling on meat color investigated using proteome analysis of the sarcoplasmic protein fraction of beef longissimus lumborum muscle
ZHANG Yi-min, ZHANG Xiu-ze, WANG Tian-tian, David L. Hopkins, MAO Yan-wei, LIANG Rong-rong, YANG Guang-fu, LUO Xin, ZHU Li-xian
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (09): 2118-2125.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62028-3
摘要457)      PDF(pc) (5571KB)(308)    收藏
In order to improve beef color and color stability, step-chilling (SC) was applied on excised bovine longissimus lumborum muscle, with chilling starting at 0–4°C for 5 h, then holding the temperature at 12–18°C for 6 h, followed by 0–4°C again until 24 h post-mortem.  pH and temperature were measured during rigor on SC loins as well as those subjected to routine chilling (RC, 0–4°C, till 24 h post-mortem).  Color L*, a*, b* values, metmyoglobin (MetMb) content, MetMb reducing ability (MRA) and NADH content were determined on samples aged for 1, 7, and 14 d.  Sarcoplasmic proteome analysis was only conducted on d 1 samples.  The results showed muscles subjected to SC maintained a temperature at around 15°C for 5 to 10 h post-mortem, and exhibited a slow temperature decline, but rapid pH decline.  Beef steaks treated with SC had higher L*, a*, b* and chroma values than those of RC samples at 1 and 7 d chilled storage (0–4°C), while showing no significant difference for a*, b* and chroma values at d 14.  The SC samples also exhibited a lower relative content of surface MetMb, higher MRA and NADH content, compared with RC beef steaks during storage, indicating the SC-treated beef showed an improved color stability.  Eleven differential protein spots/nine proteins were identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, and those proteins were mainly involved in redox, chaperone binding, metabolic and peroxidase activity.  Oxidoreductases play a role in decreasing the oxidation-induced myoglobin oxidation and benefiting the production of NADH, and finally improving the colour of beef.  Of these, pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta showed a positive correlation with color L*, a*, b* values and accounted for more than 60% of the variation in color values; this protein can be considered as a potential beef color biomarker.  The present study provided valuable information for studies on the molecular mechanism of color improvement from step-chilling, as well as for identifying markers associated with beef color.
 
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29. Characterisation of pH decline and meat color development of beef carcasses during the early postmortem period in a Chinese beef cattle abattoir
ZHANG Yi-min, David L. Hopkins, ZHAO Xiao-xiao, Remy van de Ven, MAO Yan-wei, ZHU Li-xian, HAN Guang-xing, LUO Xin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (07): 1691-1695.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61890-2
摘要600)      PDF    收藏
This study investigated the pH/temperature decline of beef carcasses in a typical Chinese abattoir and color development as pH declined during rigor onset.  A natural cubic spline model was used to model the pH/temperature decline for those carcasses which passed through pH 6.0.  Six of the 97 carcasses that exhibited a high (≥6.10) ultimate pH (pHu) (dark-cutting) in the M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were sampled, along with the same numbers of normal pHu and intermediate pHu carcasses (5.40–5.79; 5.80–6.10, respectively), to examine color development within 24 h postmortem.  It was shown that 66.7% of the modeled carcasses were outside the ideal pH/temperature window with a temperature@pH6.0 lower than ideal, suggesting the need for acceleration of the pH decline.  The stable and low a*, b* and chroma values of high pHu beef within the first 12 h indicated dark-cutting beef might be detected earlier than expected.   
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30. Characterization of GhSERK2 and its expression associated with somatic embryogenesis and hormones level in Upland cotton
LIU Zheng-jie, ZHAO Yan-peng, ZENG Ling-he, ZHANG Yuan, WANG Yu-mei, HUA Jin-ping
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (03): 517-529.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61726-X
摘要678)      PDF    收藏
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is one of the most important steps during regeneration of cotton, but the molecular mechanism of SE remains unclear.  SOMATIC EMBRYOGENSIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SERK) gene is known to function in SE.  A homolog GhSERK2 (accession number: JF430801) was cloned from Upland cotton and characterized for its functions in SE.  GhSERK2 expressed in different tissues and showed higher expression level in floral organs than vegetative ones with the highest levels in ovule and anther.  GhSERK2 expressed during SE with a high level at globular embryos stage.  Upon treatment with indole-3-butytic acid (IBA), the transcription level of GhSERK2 was induced and promoted SE subsequently.  A 2-day treatment of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induced the expression of GhSERK2, but treatments of 2,4-D for longer periods sharply inhibited the GhSERK2 transcription level of embryogenic callus (EC).  The levels of hormones, including 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and brassinosteroid (BR), were increased in the initial calli induced from the over-expression of GhSERK2 cotton.  Our results indicated that GhSERK2 expression was associated with induction of SE and closely related to hormone levels during tissue culture in Upland cotton, and the gene might play an important role in regeneration of cotton.
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