Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 324-335.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.11.021

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高标准农田建设是否促进粮食增产？——基于中国31个样本省的准实验数据

  

  • 收稿日期:2022-12-17 接受日期:2023-09-22 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2024-01-07

Promoting grain production through high-standard farmland construction: Evidence in China

Shuai Hao, Guogang Wang#, Yantao Yang, Sicheng Zhao, Shengnan Huang, Liping Liu, Huanhuan Zhang   

  1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

  • Received:2022-12-17 Accepted:2023-09-22 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-01-07
  • About author:Shuai Hao, E-mail: haoshuai0312@163.com; #Correspondence Guogang Wang, E-mail: wangguogang@caas.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41871184), the National Social Science Fund of China (21ZDA056) and the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (10-IAED-ZT-01-2023 and 10-IAED-RC-07-2023). 

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摘要：

粮食安全是国家经济发展的战略性问题。中国的高标准农田建设（HSFC）是稳定粮食产量和提高粮食生产能力的重要举措。本研究基于2005-2017年中国31个样本省的面板数据，采用双重差分（DID）方法探究了高标准农田建设对粮食产量的影响。结果表明，高标准农田建设显著提高了粮食总产量，并且结果具有较强稳健性。本研究认为其潜在的粮食增产机制主要包含三点，一是通过提高粮食复种指数进而促进粮食增产；二是有效降低了因干旱洪涝造成的减产损失，进而实现粮食增产；三是通过中低产田改造，提高耕地地力，进而促进粮食单产提高。异质性探究发现，高标准农田建设仅在粮食主产区和产销平衡区表现出了显著的粮食增产效应。另外，高标准农田建设在显著增加稻谷、小麦、玉米的产量的同时也导致了大豆的减产。鉴于此，本研究提出要继续推进高标准农田建设，提高建设标准，严控农田“非农化”与“非粮化”，进一步提升粮食增产效果。同时通过市场机制进一步激励大豆种植行为，提高种豆收益，稳定提升大豆产量。

Abstract:

Food security is a strategic priority for a country’s economic development.  In China, high-standard farmland construction (HSFC) is an important initiative to stabilize grain production and increase grain production capacity.  Based on panel data from 31 sample provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China from 2005–2017, this study explored the impact of HSFC on grain yield using the difference-in-differences (DID) method.  The results showed that HSFC significantly increased total grain production, which is robust to various checks.  HSFC increased grain yield through three potential mechanisms.  First, it could increase the grain replanting index.  Second, it could effectively reduce yield loss due to droughts and floods.  Last, HSFC could strengthen the cultivated land by renovating the low- and medium-yielding fields.  Heterogeneity analysis found that the HSFC farmland showed a significant increase in grain yield only in the main grain-producing areas and balanced areas.  In addition, HSFC significantly increased the yields of rice, wheat, and maize while leading to a reduction in soybean yields.  The findings suggest the government should continue to promote HSFC, improve construction standards, and strictly control the “non-agriculturalization” and “non-coordination” of farmland to increase grain production further.  At the same time, market mechanisms should be used to incentivize soybean farming, improve returns and stabilize soybean yields.

Key words: high-standard farmland , farmland construction ,  food security ,  food production area ,  difference-in-differences