Abstract: The paper analyzed the expression of TrxS gene and its effect on amylase activities of barley seeds during germination period, the results showed that TrxS gene could express in transgenic barley seeds by the detection of real-time PCR. During germinating days 1-5d, the activities ofα- amylase were 5.86%、75.24%、118.51%、71.02%、22.99% higher than that of none-transgenic seeds, respectively; the activities ofβ- amylase were 19.29%、14.68%、35.47%、23.62%、2.67% higher than that of none-transgenic seeds, respectively; the germination vigor of transgenic seeds was higher than that of none-transgenic seeds, either. The results provided theoretical basis for the regulation of seed metabolism.