Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (21): 4118-4128.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.21.006

• PLANT PROTECTION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Predator-Induced Stress from Harmonia axyridis on the Development and Stress Protein Gene Expression of Helicoverpa armigera

YAN Shuo1,2, XIONG XiaoFei3, CHU YanNa1, LI Zhen1, WU PengXiang1, YANG QingPo2, CUI WeiNa4, XU JinTao5, XU LiXia6, ZHANG QingWen1, LIU XiaoXia1   

  1. 1College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193; 2National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100125; 3Beijing PAIDE Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100097; 4Zoucheng    Plant Protection Station, Zoucheng 273500, Shandong; 5Changli Institute of Pomology, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and                   Forestry Sciences, Changli 066600, Hebei; 6Changli County Bureau of Science and Technology, Changli 066600, Hebei
  • Received:2017-05-25 Online:2017-11-01 Published:2017-11-01

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to determine the effects of predator-induced stress from Harmonia axyridis with various feeding resources on the development and metamorphose of Helicoverpa armigera, illustrating that whether He. armigera can perceive and classify the predation risk, and show the trade-off characteristic between the development and metamorphose, and to determine the effects of long-term and short-term stress on the stress protein gene expression of He. armigera, illustrating that whether the predator-induced stress from Ha. axyridis can induce the physiological reactions of He. armigera at molecular level. 【Method】The development (larval and pupal duration, female and male longevity, and total longevity) and metamorphose (pupae weight, pupation rate, fail eclosion rate, and wrinkled-wing rate) indicators of He. armigera were observed and recorded under the predator-induced stress from Ha. axyridis with 7 kinds of feeding resources (hungry treatment, shrimp egg treatment, cotton bollworm larva treatment, cotton bollworm egg treatment, aphid treatment, CK treatment with aphid, and CK treatment). Long-term (first instar larvae to 3-day-old moth) and short-term (15 min to 6 h) stress treatments were set up, and the changes of stress protein genes (heat shock protein genes) Hsp70 and Hsp90, heat shock cognate protein gene Hsc70 expression were determined under the predator-induced stress by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). 【Result】Under the predator-induced stress from Ha. axyridis, larval and pupal duration, female and male longevity, and total longevity of He. armigera shortened, pupal weight and pupation rate decreased, and wrinkled-wing rate increased significantly, whereas the fail eclosion rate was not influenced by the predator-induced stress. Under the predator-induced stress from Ha. axyridis with various food sources, the larval duration of He. armigera was the shortest when predators consumed aphids, the pupal duration was the shortest when predators consumed cotton bollworm eggs, and the total longevity was the shortest when predators consumed shrimp eggs, whereas the female and male longevity were not influenced by the diets of Ha. axyridis. The wrinkled-wing rate of He. armigera was the highest when predators consumed cotton bollworm eggs, whereas the pupal weight, pupation rate, and fail eclosion rate were not influenced by the diets of Ha. axyridis. Stress protein genes Hsp70 and Hsp90 were up-regulated after short-term stress (Hsp70: 30 min to 3 h; Hsp90: 15 min, 1.5 h, 2 h and 6 h), whereas heat shock cognate protein gene Hsc70 was up-regulated after long-term stress (the stages of 5th instar larvae, prepupa, male pupae and male moth). 【Conclusion】Under the long-term stress from Ha. axyridis, all developmental stages of He. armigera shortened, and the development of He. armigera became faster to avoid the predation risk. The developmental acceleration might disturb the metamorphose of He. armigera to some degree, leading the smaller pupal weight, lower pupation rate, and higher wrinkled-wing rate, which was according with the trade-off hypothesis. The sensitiveness of He. armigera to predator-induced stress were different among various diets of Ha. axyridis, and He. armigera might be able to classify the potential predation risk, however this ability showed a degree of uncertainty. The predator-induced stress from Ha. axyridis could induce the physiological reactions of He. armigera at molecular level, leading the higher expression levels of stress protein genes. Hsp70 and Hsp90 expressions were more affected by the short-term stress, whereas Hsc70 expression was more affected by long-term stress.

Key words: Helicoverpa armigera, Harmonia axyridis, development, metamorphose, stress protein, non-consumptive effect

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