河北平原城市近郊农田大气氮沉降特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.04.010

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】As the rapid intensification of human activities induced the increase of active atmospheric nitrogen, the atmospheric nitrogen deposition has increased significantly, and consequently the response of the regional ecosystems has gradually become obvious. The objective of this study is to investigate the dynamics of wet and dry deposition of atmospheric nitrogen in Hebei plain, to provide a scientific basis for the integrated management of farmland nitrogen resources, and also to provide basic data for the nitrogen deposition network in China.【Method】Experiments of N wet deposition (2006-2011) and dry deposition (2011) were carried out in the experimental teaching base of Hebei Agricultural University in Baoding areas. N wet deposition was collected by a standard rain gage. DELTA active sampling systems were used to collect NH₃, HNO₃, pNH₄⁺and pNO₃^-. NO₂ samples were collected using Gradko diffusion tubes at sampling sites.【Result】The period from June to September is the rainy season in Baoding area of Hebei, accounting for 88.6%, 81.5%, 89.3%, 88.9%, 74.5% and 83.1% of the annual rainfall in 2006-2011. Monthly N concentration in precipitation was higher in winter and spring than that in summer and autumn, the proportions of NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N、TIN and TDN in spring and winter were 74.5%, 72.6%, 74.1% and 71.3%, respectively. The amount of N wet deposition also had an obvious seasonal change, with higher in summer and lower in winter. Annual N wet deposition ranked by the sequence of TDN (total dissolved N) ＞ TIN (total inorganic N) ＞ NH₄⁺-N ＞ NO₃^--N, and had a significant negative correlation with rainfall. The annual N wet deposition during 2006-2011 averaged 32.8 kg N·hm^-2, with the maximum value of 40.4 kg N·hm^-2in 2008 and the minimum value of 28.9 kg N·hm^-2 in 2010. The TIN accounted for more than 75% of TDN deposition,NH₄⁺-N is the major component of TIN accounting for 56.6%-69.7% of the total amount, with an average of 64.4%. Monthly N wet deposition was positively correlated with rainfall and rainfall frequency. Atmosphere concentrations of reactive N (e.g. NH₃, NO₂, HNO₃, pNH₄⁺, pNO₃^-) and their dry deposition also showed large seasonal variations. In general, annual N dry deposition of gases (NH₃, NO₂ and HNO₃) and particles (pNH₄⁺ and pNO₃^-) were 10.1, 7.60, 4.39, 6.47 and 3.81 kg N·hm^-2, respectively. 【Conclusion】The Baoding area deposition contents of nitrogen in atmosphere were affected both by industrial and by agricultural fertilizers, and determined by wet and dry deposition. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition was higher in Baoding area of Hebei, the annual mean N wet deposition was 28.9 kg N·hm^-2(2010) to 40.4 kg N·hm^-2(2008), and the averaged N wet deposition (2006-2011) was 32.8 kg N·hm^-2. The N dry deposition was 32.3 kg N·hm^-2 in 2011, and annual N wet and dry deposition were up to 58.6 kg N·hm^-2 in Baoding, Hebei Plain.

Key words: Baoding, Hebei province, wet and dry deposition, nitrogen cycle, agro-ecosystem

YIN Xing, ZHANG LiJuan, LIU XueJun, XU Wen, NI YuXue, LIU XinYu. Nitrogen Deposition in Suburban Croplands of Hebei Plain[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(4): 698-710.

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