不同蛋白来源对京红蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.10.017

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein sources on egg performance and egg quality of Jinghong laying hens at peak production. 【Method】 Two hundred and eighty-eight Jinghong laying hens aged 32 weeks with similar egg production were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 hens per replicate. Hens in group Ⅰ (control group) were fed soybean meal (SBM) protein, hens in group Ⅱ were fed degossypolized cottonseed protein (DCP), hens in group Ⅲ were fed double-zero rapeseed meal (DRM) protein, and hens in group Ⅳ were fed 4% yellow mealworms (YM) and soybean meal (SBM) protein. All diets were isocaloric (11.11 Mcal·kg^-1), isonitrogenous (CP, 16.5%) and had the similar standard ileum digestible AA model. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. 【Result】 (1) In the whole feeding period，no significant differences were found on average egg production, egg weight and cracked eggs ratio among all groups (P＞0.05). In DCP group, egg mass during 1-8w was lower than that SBM group or 4% YM group (P＜0.05), while the egg mass of DRM group was lower than that SBM group（P=0.084）. The average feed intake of DCP group and 4% YM group during 1-8w were lower than that SBM group (P=0.091), while the average feed intake of DRM group was lower than that SBM group（P=0.091）. Egg/feed also showed that the same tendency in all groups, that is the egg/feed of DCP group and the DRM group were reduced (P=0.052), while the egg/feed of 4% YM group had no significant difference (P＞0.05). (2) No significant differences in the plasma aspartate transaminase (AST) among all groups were observed (P＞0.05). Compared to SBM group, plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) in laying hens of 4% YM group was significantly reduced at 8w (P＜0.05). The plasma total protein, globulin in laying hens of DCP group at 8w were significant lower than that SBM group (P＜0.05). The plasma albumen in laying hens of 4% YM group was higher than those DCP group and DRM group at 4w and 8w (P＜0.05). (3) There was a trend toward eggs of DCP group and DRM group at 8w decreasing shell strength (P=0.084) and shell thickness (P=0.062), while the egg of 4% YM group increasing shell strength (P=0.084) and shell thickness (P=0.062). Compared to SBM group, albumen height of eggs in DCP group and DRM group were reduced 4.02% and 3.41% (P=0.091) at 4w, while the 4% YM group was increased 3.87% (P=0.079). No significant difference were found albumen pH among all groups (P＞0.05). (4) Albumen percent of eggs in DCP group and DRM group were reduced 1.67% and 1.18% (P=0.099) than that SBM group at 4w, while 4% yellow mealworms group was increased 1.70% (P=0.099). In addition, yolk dry matter of egg in 4% YM group was higher than that DRM group at 4w (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 4% yellow mealworms replace soybean meal and soybean meal was the most optimal protein ingredients for Jinghong laying hens at peak production, followed by double-zero rapeseed meal and degossypolized cottonseed protein.

Key words: Jinghong laying hen, dietary protein source, egg performance, egg quality

WANG Xiao-cui, ZHANG Hai-jun, WU Shu-geng, YUE Hong-yuan, LI Jie, QI Guang-hai. Effect of Dietary Protein Sources on Egg Performance and Egg Quality of Jinghong Laying Hens at Peak Production[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(10): 2049-2057.

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