稻蟹共生系统水稻栽培模式对水稻和河蟹的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.09.018

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Rice-crab culture system is a relatively new paddy cultivation and breeding model, and it has a great advantage in production and development potential. Rice-crab culture system could ameliorate rice field aquatic ecological environment, increase soil effective nutrition, promote rice growth and development, improve resource utilization rate, ameliorate cultivation structure, and increase rural income, etc. Rice-crab ecological breeding model studies were mainly focused on the crab stocking density, rice growth, yield, water environment and plankton, etc., but few of research reports on rice cultivation density. The effects of different rice cultivation patterns on rice tiller, rice biomass production, rice stem characters, rice yield composition, crab and rice paddies comprehensive economic benefits were studied. 【Method】 Four treatments were designed, i.e. one plant per hill in rice-crab (T1), two plants per hill in rice-crab (T2), four plants per hill in rice-crab (T3), two plants per hill in rice (CK), and stock 900 juvenile crabs in rice-crab paddy field. Four replicates were designed for each treatment and cultivated for 137 d. Thereafter, rice growth indices and crab traits were measured. 【Result】 Crab bait protein content was about 32%, crab fed at 4 pm and the feeding amount for crabs was generally 3%-5% of body weight. Compared with conventional paddy fields, rice-crab paddy fields could increase 0.17 tillers per hill, 3.3% of biomass production and 11.5% of rice yield, rice stem characters were not significantly affected, seed setting rate and grain number per panicle were significantly affected. Different cultivation patterns showed no significant effect on rice-crab paddy fields. The size of four plants per hill had the highest biomass production, rice stem characters showed an increasingly decreasing trend with the decrease of plant spacing. The treatment of one plant per hill increased the grain number per panicle by 6-26, seed setting rate by 1.2%-3.6% and 1000-grain weight by 1.5%-3.3%.【Conclusion】Based on rice growth indices and economic benefits, the optimal cultivation pattern was one plant per hill.

Key words: rice-crab culture , cultivation patterns , yield composition , economic benefits

XU Min-1, 2 , MA Xu-Zhou-1, WANG Wu-1. Effects of Different Cultivation Patterns on Rice Yield and Crab in Rice-Crab Culture System[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(9): 1828-1835.

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