关键词: 棉花, 枯萎病, 黄萎病, 抗病性, 育种技术

Abstract: 【Objective】The cotton breeding technique resistant to both Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt should be studied in order to gain resistant cultivars based on it. 【Method】 The method of inducing cotton multi-resistance by selection with artificial inoculation was adopted in the study. 【Result】The strong virulence pathogen strains of wilt diseases were cultured in autoclaved cottonseed to make pathogen carrier respectively. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum was inoculated with cottonseed meal at the dosage of 90 g·m-2 in nursery soil before sowing. Then each seedling was inoculated with 10 ml of Verticillium dahliae spore suspension at the concentration of 2×107 spores per milliliter by watering injured roots at 2 true leaf growth stage. The nursery bed was covered with polythene film to keep the average bed temperature of 20﹣25℃. Then the susceptible varieties or plants would show disease symptoms and should be eliminated. And the resistant plants of resistant variety were selected and transplanted to the field which was inoculated with the diseased cotton plant 1500 kg·ha-1 beforehand. Each seedling was inoculated with Verticillium dahliae spore suspension by dipping injured roots when they were being transplanted. And the susceptible varieties or plants were eliminated again in field. 【Conclusion】 It was shown that this breeding technique was practicable and efficient. The cotton varieties with multi-resistance, good fiber quality and high yield production, were bred in our breeding practice with this technique adopted.

Key words: Cotton, Fusarium wilt, Verticillium wilt, Resistance, Breeding technique