小麦抗条锈病基因对中国条锈菌主要流行小种的抗性分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.03.006

中国农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 491-502.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.03.006

小麦抗条锈病基因对中国条锈菌主要流行小种的抗性分析

胡朝月^1,²(),王凤涛²,郎晓威²,冯晶²,李俊凯¹,蔺瑞明^2,^*(),姚小波^3,^*()

1 长江大学农学院,湖北荆州 434025
2 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京 100193
3 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,拉萨 850032

收稿日期:2021-07-22 接受日期:2021-08-13 出版日期:2022-02-01 发布日期:2022-02-11
通讯作者: 蔺瑞明,姚小波
作者简介:胡朝月, E-mail： 1467138884@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31871949);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31871923);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200500)

Resistance Analyses on Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance Genes to the Predominant Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in China

HU ChaoYue^1,²(),WANG FengTao²,LANG XiaoWei²,FENG Jing²,LI JunKai¹,LIN RuiMing^2,^*(),YAO XiaoBo^3,^*()

1 College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei
2 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193
3 Agricultural Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032

Received:2021-07-22 Accepted:2021-08-13 Online:2022-02-01 Published:2022-02-11
Contact: RuiMing LIN,XiaoBo YAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的培育和广泛应用抗病小麦品种是防治条锈病最经济有效和环境友好的措施。由于条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici,Pst）群体中毒性变异频繁,发生新生理小种常导致主栽品种抗病性‘丧失’,引发条锈病大规模流行,严重威胁我国主粮安全供给。本研究通过监测和评价已知抗条锈病基因对我国目前主要条锈菌生理小种的抗性情况及变化,为抗条锈病基因的合理应用提供依据。方法在温室内,分别用小麦条锈菌强毒性流行生理小种CYR32、CYR33、CYR34和弱毒性生理小种CYR17对103份抗条锈病基因载体品系接种,鉴定苗期抗病性;在条锈病常发区域四川郫都区和甘肃清水县设置鉴定圃,田间人工接种条锈菌CYR32、CYR33和CYR34小种的混合菌株,在湖北襄阳鉴定圃自然接种气传菌源,鉴定抗病基因载体品系的成株抗病性。按照0—4级侵染型分级标准调查抗病基因载体品系苗期和成株期抗条锈病表型级别。结果在86份全生育期抗病基因载体品系中,仅含有Yr5、Yr15和Yr45的载体品系全生育期高抗生理小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34,其他品系苗期均‘丧失’了对条锈菌3个高毒性小种的抗病性,但其中30个品系如CN19（Yr41）、AUS 28183（Yr47）和CH223（Yr50）保留了成株期对条锈病的抗性。在14份成株抗性类型的载体品系中,Yeoman（Yr13）、RL 6077（Yr46）、PI 183527（Yr52）、Louise（Qyrlo.Wpg-2BS）、RIL 65（Yr36）、PI 178759（Yr59）和PI 192252（Yr62）中抗至高抗条锈病;成株期具有2个（S112）或3个（S113）温敏微效基因载体品系中抗条锈病,而仅含一个微效基因的载体品系S111中感条锈病。结论在所鉴定的具有单个或多个全生育期抗条锈病基因的品系中,仅有Yr5、Yr15和Yr45对当前主要流行小种具有全生育期抗性,但其中34.9%全生育期抗性类型品系仍保留了成株期抗锈性;小麦成株抗条锈病基因和全生育期抗病基因组合能提供较稳定持久的抗锈性。

关键词: 小麦条锈病, 条锈菌, 全生育期抗性, 成株抗性, 持久抗病性, 温敏微效基因, 抗病基因组合

Abstract:

【Objective】 Breeding and widely using resistant wheat varieties is the most economical, effective and environmental- friendly strategy to control stripe rust. Due to the frequent occurrence of virulence variation in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) populations, the occurrences of new physiological races of Pst usually led to the resistant major varieties of becoming susceptible and stripe rust outbreaks on large scale, which severely threaten the security of staple food supply in China. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the types of resistance genes to stripe rust, timely and accurately monitor and evaluate the effectiveness and changes of known stripe rust resistance genes to the main Pst physiological races in China. The results achieved in this study will be the basis for the rational application of stripe rust resistance genes.【Method】 At the seedling stage, 103 wheat lines with stripe rust resistance genes were evaluated by inoculating with highly virulent stripe rust physiological races CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34 and a low virulent physiological race CYR17 respectively in greenhouse. On the other side, their adult-plant resistance was evaluated either in the disease nursery fields set at Pidu District, Sichuan and Qingshui, Gansu by artificially inoculating with the mixture of races of CYR32, CYR33, CYR34 in nursery plots, or in the disease nursery plots at Xiangyang, Hubei by natural infection with the air-born Pst inocula. The resistance levels of wheat lines at the seedling and adult-plant stages were evaluated using a 0-to-4 rating scale for infection responses.【Result】 Among the 86 wheat lines with all-stage resistance genes, only these lines with Yr5, Yr15 and Yr45 were highly resistant to all the races of CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34 both at seedling and adult-plant stages, while the others ‘lost’ their disease resistance to the three Pst races. However, 30 of the all-stage resistant lines, such as CN19 (Yr41), AUS 28183 (Yr47) and CH223 (Yr50), remained stripe rust resistance at the adult-plant stage. Among the 14 lines with adult-plant resistance genes, Yeoman (Yr13), RL 6077 (Yr46), PI 183527 (Yr52), Louise (Qyrlo.Wpg-2BS), RIL 65 (Yr36), PI 178759 (Yr59) and PI 192252 (Yr62) remained moderately to highly resistant to stripe rust. Among the 3 lines with temperature-sensitive minor gene (s), S112 with two minor genes and S113 with three minor genes were moderately resistant to stripe rust at the adult-plant stage, while S111 with one minor gene was moderately susceptible.【Conclusion】 Among the tested lines with a single or multiple all-stage resistance gene (s) to stripe rust, only Yr5, Yr15 and Yr45 were found to be resistant to all of the present predominant races in all development stages, but 34.9% of them also preserved adult-plant resistance. The wheat adult-plant resistance genes and all-stage resistance genes combinations may provide more stable and durable resistance to stripe rust.

Key words: wheat stripe rust, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), all-stage resistance, adult-plant resistance, durable resistance, temperature-sensitive minor gene, resistance gene combination

胡朝月, 王凤涛, 郎晓威, 冯晶, 李俊凯, 蔺瑞明, 姚小波. 小麦抗条锈病基因对中国条锈菌主要流行小种的抗性分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(3): 491-502.

HU ChaoYue, WANG FengTao, LANG XiaoWei, FENG Jing, LI JunKai, LIN RuiMing, YAO XiaoBo. Resistance Analyses on Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance Genes to the Predominant Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 491-502.

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https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2022/V55/I3/491

图/表 4

图1

图2

表1

小麦抗条锈病基因载体品系在苗期和成株期侵染型鉴定"

小麦品系 Wheat line	Yr	抗性类型^a Resistance type	成株期侵染型和严重度^b Infection type, severity at the adult-plant stage				苗期侵染型 Infection type at the seedling stage
小麦品系 Wheat line	Yr	抗性类型^a Resistance type	甘肃清水 Qingshui, Gansu	四川郫都区 Pidu District, Sichuan	湖北襄阳Xiangyang, Hubei		CYR17	CYR32	CYR33	CYR34
AvSYr1 NIL	Yr1	ASR	4, 60	3, 90	3⁺, 80		4	4	4	4
T296/Yr2* NIL	Yr2	ASR	4, 90	3^-, 50	4, 100		4	4	4	4
Minister	Yr3c	ASR	2, 5	2^-, 60	0;, 60		0;	3⁺	4	4
T296/Yr4b* NIL	Yr4b	ASR	3^-, 50	2, 90	2, 100		2	4	4	4
AvSYr5 NIL	Yr5	ASR	0, 0	0, 0	0;, 0		0;	0;	0;	0;
AvSYr6 NIL	Yr6	ASR	4, 90	4, 100	4, 100		3⁺	4	4	4
AvSYr7 NIL	Yr7	ASR	4, 80	3^-, 100	3⁺, 80		4	3⁺	3⁺	4
AvSYr8 NIL	Yr8	ASR	4, 60	3, 70	3, 10		4	2^-	3	4
AvSYr9 NIL	Yr9	ASR	4, 90	4, 100	3⁺, 80		0;	3⁺	4	4
AvSYr10 NIL	Yr10	ASR	3, 20	3^-, 40	1, 1		0;	0;	4	4
AvSYr11 NIL	Yr11	APR	3⁺, 40	3^-, 80	3, 40		3⁺	4	4	4
AvSYr12 NIL	Yr12	APR	3⁺, 50	3, 100	2⁺, 40		3⁺	4	4	4
Yeoman	Yr13	APR, SRR	2, 5	2^-, 30	0;, 10		4	3⁺	3⁺	4
Kador	Yr14	APR	3, 30	3^-, 50	2^-, 5		0;	3⁺	4	4
AvSYr15 NIL	Yr15	ASR	0, 0	0, 0	0, 0		0;	0;	0	0;
AvSYr17 NIL	Yr17	ASR	3⁺, 60	3^-, 60	3, 10		1	3⁺	4	4
Jupiteco R	Yr18	APR	3, 20	2, 50	1, 1		3	4	3⁺	4
Lemhi	Yr21	ASR	4, 90	4, 100	4, 100		3⁺	4	4	4
AvSYr24 NIL	Yr24	ASR	4, 70	3, 100	3⁺, 40		0;	4	4	4
TP1295	Yr25	ASR	3, 40	2⁺, 80	3, 80		4	3⁺	3⁺	3⁺
AVSYr26 NIL	Yr26	ASR	4, 70	3, 100	3, 10		0;	0;	2	4
AvSYr27 NIL	Yr27	ASR	4, 70	3, 80	3^-, 10		4	3⁺	3⁺	4
AvSYr28 NIL	Yr28	ASR	4, 70	4, 100	3⁺, 80		3	4	3	4
AvSYr29 NIL	Yr29	APR	4, 60	3^-, 50	3⁺, 60		1	4	4	4
AvSYr32 NIL	Yr32	ASR	4, 60	4, 100	2^-, 5		0;	0;	4	4
RIL 65	Yr36	APR	2, 40	2⁺, 60	1, 1		4	3⁺	3	4
AlpExp43	Yr39	APR	3, 40	3^-, 80	3, 40		4	4	4	4
Vasu	Yr40	ASR	3, 30	1⁺, 5	3, 10		0;	4	3	4
CN19	Yr41	ASR	2^-, 5	1⁺, 5	1, 1		0;	3⁺	3⁺	4
Avs/ID0377s NIL	Yr43	ASR	3, 30	2^-, 40	4, 10		3⁺	3⁺	3⁺	4
Avs/Zak NIL	Yr44	ASR	3, 60	1⁺, 60	3^-, 5		4	3⁺	4	4
PI 181434	Yr45	ASR	2, 5	1, 30	1, 1		0;	1	2	0;
RL6077	Yr46	APR	2, 20	1⁺, 20	1, 1		3⁺	3	3	4
AUS28183	Yr47	ASR	2⁺, 5	1, 5	2⁺, 60		0;	3	2	3
AvSYr48 NIL	Yr48	APR	3, 80	3^-, 100	4, 100		4	3⁺	3⁺	4
CH223	Yr50	ASR	2, 5	1, 10	0, 1		0;	3	0;	3⁺
甘肃清水 Qingshui, Gansu	四川郫都区 Pidu District, Sichuan	湖北襄阳Xiangyang, Hubei	CYR17	CYR32	CYR33	CYR34
AUS91456	Yr51	ASR	2⁺, 10	1⁺, 30	4, 30		3	3	3	4
PI 183527	Yr52	APR	1, 1	2, 80	0;, 60		4	3	3⁺	3⁺
PI 480148	Yr53	ASR	2⁺, 20	2^-, 50	0;, 40		1	3⁺	4	3
AUS91463	Yr57	ASR	4, 100	3^-, 50	4, 60		0;	3⁺	4	4
PI 178759	Yr59	APR	2, 30	1, 30	0;, 80		4	3⁺	3	4
PI 192252	Yr62	APR	1/3^- (1), 10	1⁺/0 (1), 10	3/2 (2), 10		4	3⁺	4	4
AUS27955	Yr63	ASR	4, 80	4, 90	4, 100		4	4	4	4
PI 331260	Yr64	ASR	3^-, 30	3, 50	2, 5		4	3	4	4
Tyee	Yr76	ASR	3, 65	3, 70	4, 40		0;	4	4	4
Avocet R	YrA	ASR	4, 80	4, 100	4, 100		3	4	4	4
Alba	YrAlb	ASR	3^-, 10	2⁺, 60	1, 1		0;	4	4	4
T296/YrC591* NIL	YrC591	ASR	4, 60	3⁺, 100	3⁺, 60		4	3⁺	4	4
Avs/Exp NIL	YrExp2	ASR	4, 50	1⁺, 60	2, 5		4	3	4	4
Gaby	YrGab	ASR	2, 10	1, 20	2^-, 10		0;	4	4	4
T296/YrJu4* NIL	YrJu4	ASR	4, 60	3^-, 100	4, 60		0;	4	4	4
T296/YrKy2* NIL	YrKy2	ASR	4, 90	4, 100	4, 100		0;	4	4	4
Resulka	YrRes	ASR	3⁺, 50	3^-, 60	2, 40		3	4	4	4
T296/YrSD* NIL	YrSD	ASR	4, 80	3⁺, 100	4, 100		0;	4	4	4
AvSYrSP NIL	YrSp	ASR	3, 90	3^-, 100	3⁺, 100		0;	4	4	4
Suwon 11	YrSu	ASR	4, 90	4, 100	3⁺, 80		1	4	4	4
AvSYrTres1NIL	YrTr1	ASR	1, 1	1⁺, 20	0;, 10		3	3⁺	3	3
T296/YrV23* NIL	YrV23	ASR	4, 70	3⁺, 100	4, 100		3	4	4	4
T296/YrVir1* NIL	YrVir1	ASR	4, 90	3, 100	4, 100		0;	4	4	4
Louise	QYrlo.wpg-2BS	APR	2⁺, 90	1⁺, 100	2^-, 100		4	4	4	4
Heines Peko	Yr2, Yr6	ASR	2⁺, 20	2⁺, 50	3⁺, 80		3	4	4	4
Heines VII	Yr2, YrHVII	ASR	3⁺, 30	3^-, 60	2⁺, 40		2	4	4	4
Nord Desprez	Yr3, YrND	ASR	2, 20	2, 20	1, 20		3	4	4	4
Pavon 76	Yr6, Yr7	ASR	3^-, 30	2^-, 50	2, 10		4	3	4	3⁺
Fielder	Yr6, Yr20	ASR	4, 70	3^-, 100	3⁺, 100		3⁺	4	4	4
Reichersberg 42	Yr7, Yr25	ASR	1, 10	1, 50	1, 1		2	3	3⁺	3
Compair	Yr8, Yr19	ASR	2⁺, 5	1⁺, 10	2, 10		3⁺	4	4	4
Clement	Yr9, YrCle	ASR	3, 40	3^-, 50	3⁺, 40		0;	4	4	4
PI 178383	Yr10, 3个微效基因 Three minor genes	ASR	3, 20	3, 60	1, 10		2^-	0;	4	4
Hyak	Yr17, YrTye	ASR	3, 30	3^-, 70	2, 40		1	4	3	4
Parula	Yr18, Yr30	ASR	2, 5	2, 10	1, 10		4	4	4	4
Carstens Ⅴ	Yr32, YrCV1, YrCV2, YrCV3	ASR	2, 20	2, 50	0;, 10		0;	4	4	4
甘肃清水 Qingshui, Gansu	四川郫都区 Pidu District, Sichuan	湖北襄阳Xiangyang, Hubei	CYR17	CYR32	CYR33	CYR34
Strubes Dickkopf	Yr25, YrSD	ASR	3^-, 20	0;, 20	0;, 1		0;	4	4	4
Spaldings Prolific	Yr25, YrSpP	ASR	2⁺, 10	2⁺, 80	2^-, 1		4	4	3⁺	4
Opata 85	Yr27, Yr30	ASR	2⁺, 5	2⁺, 50	1, 1		2^-	3	1	3⁺
Inia 66	Yr30, YrA	ASR	3, 40	4, 90	3, 60		2	4	4	4
Alpowa	Yr39, YrAlp	ASR	3, 50	3^-, 60	1, 10		3	4	4	4
Express	YrExp1, YrExp2	ASR	2⁺, 30	1⁺, 60	1, 1		3	3⁺	3	4
Kangyin 655	YrKy1, YrKy2	ASR	2⁺, 30	3, 80	2⁺, 40		0;	4	4	4
Produra	YrPr1, YrPr2	ASR	3^-, 30	1⁺, 20	4, 40		4	3	3	4
Tres	YrTr1, YrTr2	ASR	3⁺, 50	1⁺, 20	3⁺, 10		3	3	2	4
Virgilio	YrVir1, YrVir2	ASR, SRR	1, 5	1⁺, 30	0;, 10		0;	4	4	4
Heines Kolben	Yr2, Yr6, YrHk	ASR	2, 5	1⁺, 30	0;, 10		0;	3⁺	3⁺	4
Sonalika	Yr2, YrSon, YrA	ASR	4, 80	3, 100	3⁺, 80		3⁺	4	4	4
Mega	Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr12	ASR	4, 30	4, 80	4, 10		0;	3⁺	3⁺	4
Cappelle-Desprez	Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr16	ASR	3^-, 60	1⁺, 80	0;, 5		4	4	4	4
Atou	Yr3a, Yr4b, Yr16	ASR, SRR	3^-, 5	2⁺, 10	0;, 5		0;	3⁺	4	4
Druchamp	Yr3a, YrD, YrDru	ASR	3^-, 20	1, 40	1, 1		1	4	4	4
Stephens	Yr3a, YrS, YrSte	ASR	3^-, 40	2^-, 60	0;, 10		4	4	4	4
Hybrid 46	Yr3b, Yr4b, YrH46	ASR	2, 5	2^-, 20	0;, 10		0;	4	3	4
Lee	Yr7, Yr22, Yr23	ASR	2⁺, 20	1⁺, 5	1, 60		4	3⁺	4	4
Flanders	Yr1, Yr3a, Yr4b, Yr16	ASR, SRR	3^-, 20	2, 20	0;, 10		0;	3⁺	4	4
Maris Huntsman	Yr2, Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr13	ASR, SRR	3, 20	1⁺, 20	2^-, 10		0;	3	4	4
Vilmorin 23	Yr3, Yr3a, Yr4a, YrV23	ASR, SRR	3⁺, 50	3^-, 40	2⁺, 40		2	4	4	4
Hobbit	Yr3, Yr4, Yr14, YrHVII	ASR	3, 20	2⁺, 60	1, 10		0;	4	4	4
Waggoner	Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr6, Yr12	ASR, SRR	2⁺, 50	2^-, 40	1, 10		0;	4	4	4
Kinsman	Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr6, Yr13	ASR	3^-, 20	2^-, 50	1, 1		0;	4	4	4
Maris Widgeon	Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr8, Yr16	ASR, SRR	3^-, 10	1, 30	3, 1		1	4	4	4
Bouquet	Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr14, Yr16	ASR, SRR	3, 70	3^-, 70	3^-, 60		0;	4	4	4
Jubilejina II	YrJu1, YrJu2, YrJu3, YrJu4	ASR	3, 50	3^-, 100	3⁺, 80		3	4	4	4
S111	1个微效基因 One minor gene	APR	3, 40	3, 60	3, 10		4	4	4	4
S112	2个微效基因 Two minor genes	APR	2⁺, 10	1, 60	2, 5		4	4	4	4
S113	3个微效基因 Three minor genes	APR	2⁺, 10	3^-, 60	2^-, 5		4	3⁺	4	4
Avocet S	?	感病对照 Susceptible control	4, 100	4, 100	4, 100		3	4	4	4
Taichung 29	?	感病对照 Susceptible control	4, 100	4, 100	4, 100		4	4	4	4
铭贤169 Mingxian 169	?	感病对照 Susceptible control	4, 100	4, 100	4, 100		4	4	4	4

表1

表2

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鉴定地点 Location	清水 Qingshui (2019)	清水 Qingshui (2020)	郫都区 Pidu District (2019)	郫都区 Pidu District (2020)	襄阳 Xiangyang (2019)	襄阳 Xiangyang (2020)
清水Qingshui (2019)	1
清水Qingshui (2020)	0.668	1
郫都区Pidu District (2019)	0.726	0.577	1
郫都区Pidu District (2020)	0.705	0.570	0.655	1
襄阳Xiangyang (2019)	0.612	0.575	0.501	0.444	1
襄阳Xiangyang (2020)	0.610	0.594	0.691	0.529	0.645	1

小麦抗条锈病基因对中国条锈菌主要流行小种的抗性分析

Resistance Analyses on Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance Genes to the Predominant Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in China

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