中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (18): 3629-3637.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.18.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

152份黄淮海麦区小麦农家品种抗条锈性评价及重要条锈病抗性基因的分子检测

管方念1,2(),龙黎1,2,姚方杰1,2,王昱琦1,2,江千涛1,2,康厚扬1,2,蒋云峰1,李伟3,邓梅1,李豪1,陈国跃1,2()   

  1. 1四川农业大学小麦研究所,成都 611130
    2西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室,成都 611130
    3四川农业大学农学院,成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-27 接受日期:2020-02-08 出版日期:2020-09-16 发布日期:2020-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈国跃
  • 作者简介:管方念,E-mail: flguan@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家“十三五”重点研发计划(2016YFD0100100);四川省重大科技专项(2018NZDZX002);四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2019YFH0063)

Evaluation of Resistance to Stripe Rust and Molecular Detection of Important Known Yr Gene(s) of 152 Chinese Wheat Landraces from the Huang-huai-hai

GUAN FangNian1,2(),LONG Li1,2,YAO FangJie1,2,WANG YuQi1,2,JIANG QianTao1,2,KANG HouYang1,2,JIANG YunFeng1,LI Wei3,DENG Mei1,LI Hao1,CHEN GuoYue1,2()   

  1. 1Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
    2State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploitation and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu 611130
    3College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
  • Received:2019-10-27 Accepted:2020-02-08 Online:2020-09-16 Published:2020-09-25
  • Contact: GuoYue CHEN

摘要:

【目的】黄淮海麦区是中国最重要的小麦生产基地和条锈病流行区,从该麦区小麦农家品种中鉴定一批对当前小麦生产上流行的条锈病生理小种具有稳定抗性的优良种质,并了解其携带当前抗病育种利用的重要条锈病抗性基因分布,为进一步在条锈病抗性育种中有效利用和发掘其抗性基因提供材料基础。【方法】应用当前中国小麦生产上毒性强、流行频率高的条锈菌生理小种条中32(CYR32)和条中34(CYR34)对152份来源于黄淮海麦区小麦农家品种进行苗期抗性鉴定,并于2016年和2018年分别在四川崇州和绵阳利用由条锈菌CYR32、CYR33、CYR34、水源11-4、水源11-5组成的混合小种进行人工接种和成株期抗性鉴定;同时利用Yr9Yr10Yr18Yr24/26Yr30Yr36Yr39Yr41Yr48Yr65Yr67Yr80Yr81共13个小麦育种和生产上应用的重要已知条锈病抗性基因的标记进行分子检测,推测其可能携带的抗性基因。【结果】9份农家品种对CYR32具有苗期抗性,9份对CYR34具有苗期抗性;其中,2份种质在苗期对CYR32和CYR34均表现抗性。35份农家品种表现为稳定的成株期抗性,占23.03%。结合苗期和成株期抗性表型分析,7份种质表现出全生育期抗性,占4.61%。利用已知条锈病抗性基因单基因系为阳性对照进行分子检测发现,131份种质携带Yr18,2份携带Yr41,13份携带Yr48,57份携带Yr81;共有66份种质同时携带2个抗性基因组合类型(Yr18+Yr41Yr18+Yr48Yr18+Yr81Yr48+Yr81);所有供试材料均未检测到Yr9Yr10Yr24/26Yr30Yr36Yr39Yr65Yr67Yr80;5份抗性种质未检测到上述Yr基因,可能携带未检测的其他已知条锈病抗性基因或未鉴定的新基因。【结论】黄淮海麦区小麦农家品种对当前流行的条锈病生理小种多表现为成株期抗性,该麦区主要携带来源于中国农家品种抗性基因Yr18Yr81;获得的苗期或成株期稳定抗性农家品种可能携带对当前小麦生产中流行小种具有抗性的其他已知或未知基因及其组合,是在小麦条锈病持久抗性育种中可进一步利用的重要抗源。

关键词: 小麦农家品种, 小麦条锈病, 抗病鉴定, 抗病基因, 分子检测, 黄淮海麦区

Abstract:

【Objective】Stripe rust of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, has been considered one of the most damaging diseases for wheat production in Huang-huai-hai. Identifying new resistance sources and understanding the distribution of wheat stripe rust-resistance genes in wheat landraces in this region may provide valuable resistance germplasms and molecular basis for predictive resistance rust-breeding program. 【Method】A total of 152 wheat landraces derived from Huang-huai-hai were evaluated at seedling stage in greenhouse with two Chinese predominant stripe rust races CYR32 and CYR34, and at adult-plant stage under field conditions with mixed races of CYR32, CYR33, CYR34, Su11-4 and Su11-5 in Chongzhou and Mianyang, Sichuan, during 2016-2017 and 2018-2019, respectively. The panel of wheat landraces was screened with the closely linked molecular markers of stripe rust resistance genes Yr9, Yr10, Yr18, Yr24/26, Yr30, Yr36, Yr39, Yr41, Yr48, Yr65, Yr67, Yr80, and Yr81. 【Result】Among the 152 accessions, two accessions were resistant to CYR32 and seven to CYR34, and two accessions were resistant to both CYR32 and CYR34 at seedling stage. Thirty-five (23.03%) were stably resistant to at adult-plant stage. Base on the seedling and adult-plant stage reactions, seven (4.61%) shown resistance at the all stage. Molecular detection indicated that 131 accessions carried Yr18, two carried Yr41, thirteen carried Yr48, fifty-seven carried Yr81, including 2 carried both Yr18 and Yr41, eight carried both Yr18 and Yr48, forty-nine carried both Yr18 and Yr81, seven carried both Yr81 and Yr48. All of the tested materials did not contain Yr9, Yr10, Yr24/26, Yr30, Yr36, Yr39, Yr65, Yr67 and Yr80. Simultaneously, no Yr genes were detected in the other five resistant wheat landraces and it indicated that these wheat landraces may carry other known or unknown stripe rust resistance genes. 【Conclusion】Most of wheat landraces from the Huang-huai-hai shown resistance for the current prevalence races of stripe rust at adult-plant stage and the accessions were mainly carried Yr18 and Yr81 which derived from Chinese landraces. These resistant wheat landraces may contain other known or unknown genes/their combinations and could be used as valuable resistance resources for stripe rust in wheat breeding program.

Key words: Chinese wheat landrace, stripe rust, resistance evaluation, resistance gene, molecular detection, Huang-huai-hai