中国农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (18): 3258-3270.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.18.017

• 营养品质与环境关系研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

融合镁元素的水肥多因子耦合对黄瓜综合营养品质的调控

朱常安,和志豪,蔡泽林,刘健飞,张智()   

  1. 西北农林科技大学园艺学院/农业部西北设施园艺工程重点实验室/陕西省设施农业工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-14 接受日期:2019-07-12 出版日期:2019-09-16 发布日期:2019-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 张智
  • 作者简介:朱常安,E-mail:changanzhu104@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    杨凌示范区产学研用协同创新重大项目(2017CXY-07);西北农林科技大学国家级科技创新训练项目(201810712098)

Regulation of Comprehensive Nutritional Quality of Cucumber by Water and Fertilizer Coupling with Magnesium

ZHU ChangAn,HE ZhiHao,CAI ZeLin,LIU JianFei,ZHANG Zhi()   

  1. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture/Shaanxi Province Facility Agriculture Engineering Center, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
  • Received:2019-05-14 Accepted:2019-07-12 Online:2019-09-16 Published:2019-09-23
  • Contact: Zhi ZHANG

摘要: 目的 研究融合镁元素的水肥耦合对黄瓜综合营养品质的影响,为黄瓜高品质生产提供水肥管理依据。方法 以灌水量的灌溉上限占田间持水量的百分比(X1)、施氮量(X2)、施钾量(X3)、施镁量(X4)为试验因素,选用四因子五水平正交旋转组合1/2实施的方法,测定可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、还原性糖、维生素C、硝酸盐6项指标的含量,采用AHP层次分析法、熵权法和基于博弈论的组合赋权法对各项指标赋权,并基于TOPSIS法构建黄瓜果实综合营养品质评价体系;在此基础上,进行回归分析建立黄瓜果实综合营养品质对水肥耦合响应的数学模型。结果 单一指标权重为:维生素C(0.2457)>还原性糖(0.2305)>游离氨基酸(0.1666)>可溶性糖(0.1390)>可溶性蛋白(0.1179)>硝酸盐(0.1003);分析表明,在四因子耦合作用下,当施镁量为176.54—182.23 kg?hm -2、灌水量的灌溉上限占田间持水量的百分比为65.71%—67.61%、施氮量为490.78—512.16 kg?hm -2、施钾量为591.00—608.11 kg?hm -2时,黄瓜综合营养品质最好。 结论 水肥耦合对黄瓜综合营养品质具有显著影响,适当控制灌水量和施氮量、增加施镁量和施钾量对黄瓜综合营养品质的提高具有积极作用。

关键词: 黄瓜, 水肥耦合, 综合营养品质, 正交旋转, 镁元素

Abstract:

【Objective】 To provide a scientific basis of water and fertilizer management for high quality in cucumber production, this research aimed to analyze the effects of water-fertilizer coupling with magnesium on the comprehensive nutritional quality of cucumber. 【Method】 A design of composite quadratic orthogonal regressive rotation with four factors and five levels was adopted to characterize the experimental variables, such as the percentage of irrigation upper limit to field water holding capacity (X1), nitrogen application rate (X2), potassium application rate (X3) and magnesium application rate (X4). The contents of soluble protein, free amino acid, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, vitamin C and nitrate were determined, and these six quality indicators were weighted according to AHP analytic hierarchy process, entropy weighting method and game-based combination weighting method, and then the comprehensive nutrition quality evaluation system of cucumber fruit was constructed based on TOPSIS method. Also, the response model of cucumber comprehensive nutritional quality to the coupling of water and fertilizer was established by regression analysis. 【Result】 The weights of single indicators were expressed as: vitamin C (0.2457)> reducing sugar (0.2305)> free amino acid (0.1666)> soluble sugar (0.1390)> soluble protein (0.1179)> nitrate (0.1003). Regarding the four-factor coupling, when the combination of factors were optimized as with magnesium application of 176.54-182.23 kg?hm -2, the upper limit of irrigation amount accounted of 65.71%-67.61%, the nitrogen application of 490.78-512.16 kg?hm -2and potassium application of 591.00-608.11 kg?hm -2, the comprehensive nutritional quality of cucumber reached to the best level. 【Conclusion】 Water-fertilizer coupling had a significant effect on the comprehensive nutritional quality of cucumber. Proper control of irrigation and nitrogen application, increase of magnesium and potassium application had a positive effect on the improvement of cucumber comprehensive nutritional quality.

Key words: cucumber, water and fertilizer coupling, comprehensive nutritional quality, orthogonal rotation, magnesium element