中国玉米灰斑病病原菌的鉴定及其基本特征研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.19.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确引起中国玉米灰斑病的病原菌种类。【方法】广泛采集玉米灰斑病发生地区病样，用单孢分离方法获得大量菌株，采用病菌形态学、培养特征和种特异性鉴定技术，准确鉴定中国不同地域的玉米灰斑病致病种。【结果】从黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、山东、云南和湖北大量采集的玉米灰斑病病样中分离获得136个菌株，经过系统鉴定，确认其中65个菌株为玉蜀黍尾孢（Cercospora zeae-maydis），71个菌株为玉米尾孢（C. zeina），未发现以往有记载的高粱尾孢玉米变种（C. sorghi var. maydis）；引起中国北方地区玉米灰斑病的是玉蜀黍尾孢，而引起云南和湖北玉米灰斑病的是玉米尾孢，但在2008年前分离的云南菌株中有玉蜀黍尾孢。【结论】在中国，玉米灰斑病的病原菌有2个种：玉蜀黍尾孢和玉米尾孢，前者存在于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古和山东，在云南2008年前也有分布，后者分布在西南玉米区的云南、湖北。

关键词: 玉米灰斑病 , 病原菌 , 鉴定 , 尾孢菌

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to understand the Cercospora species causing maize gray leaf spot (GLS) in China. 【Method】 The samples of GLS were widely collected from maize producing areas and strains were isolated using single-spore isolation technique. The causal agents were identified based on fungal morphology, culture and molecular characters. 【Result】One hundred and thirty-six strains were isolated from samples collected in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Yunnan and Hubei provinces. Of them 65 strains were identified as C. zeae-maydis which found in northern provinces as well as in early years in Yunnan. Seventy-one were C. zeina only occurred in Yunnan and Hubei provinces. C. sorghi var. maydis, which was reported in China, was not detected in the strains. 【Conclusion】 In China, there are two Cercospora species causing GLS, which are C. zeae-maydis and C. zeina. The former is found in the northern China, including Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Shandong provinces, and in the strains collected in Yunnan before 2008, and the later was distributed in southwest China, such as Yunnan and Hubei provinces. C. zeina is firstly reported as a causal agent of gray leaf spot on maize in China.

Key words: gray leaf spot of maize , causal agent , identification , Cercospora

刘庆奎1, 秦子惠1, 张小利1, 江凯1, 陈茂功1, 武小菲1, 何月秋2, 王桂清3, 晋齐鸣4, 王晓鸣1. 中国玉米灰斑病病原菌的鉴定及其基本特征研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(19): 4044-4057.

LIU Qing-Kui-1, QIN Zi-Hui-1, ZHANG Xiao-Li-1, JIANG Kai-1, CHEN Mao-Gong-1, WU Xiao-Fei-1, HE Yue-Qiu-2, WANG Gui-Qing-3, JIN Qi-Ming-4, WANG Xiao-Ming-1. Identification of Cercospora Species Associated with Maize Gray Leaf Spot in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(19): 4044-4057.

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