小麦脱水素基因TaDHN-1的特征及其对非生物胁迫响应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.04.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析小麦脱水素基因特征及其在干旱、高盐、低温和高温胁迫过程中的表达模式，探讨脱水素在小麦抗逆过程中的功能，为脱水素基因在小麦抗逆分子育种中的应用提供理论依据。【方法】利用RT-PCR克隆小麦脱水素基因，通过生物信息学分析研究其编码蛋白特征；采用qRT-PCR分析该基因表达特性模式。【结果】克隆了包含完整编码区的小麦脱水素基因TaDHN-1，序列分析显示该基因cDNA长487 bp，编码112个氨基酸，推测编码蛋白分子量约为11.5 kD，等电点为6.6。氨基酸序列分析表明，TaDHN-1在C端具有保守的K片段，属于Kn类脱水素；二级结构预测显示，该脱水素无规则卷曲占整个蛋白的82.1%，具有很高的亲水性；PredictProtein预测显示，该脱水素无跨膜区域，亚细胞定位于细胞质中。表达特性分析表明，TaDHN-1受植物激素ABA的诱导；在干旱、高盐和低温胁迫条件下，该基因均受胁迫的诱导而表达上调，但对42℃高温胁迫不敏感；在种子发育过程中，TaDHN-1的表达呈下调趋势，且在种子发育后期的表达量极低，推测TaDHN-1不参与小麦种子成熟后期的脱水保护过程。【结论】小麦脱水素基因TaDHN-1属于脱水素基因家族的Kn亚类。该基因通过依赖ABA的非生物胁迫响应路径发挥功能，可能参与了小麦对干旱、高盐和低温胁迫的耐受调节过程，但对高温胁迫不敏感，也未参与种子发育后期的脱水保护过程。

关键词: 小麦 , 脱水素 , 非生物胁迫 , 表达

Abstract: 【Objective】 Abiotic stresses are major factors which significantly affecting the growth and yield of crop plants. In this study, the objective is to characterize a dehydrin gene and its response to abiotic stresses, such as drought, high-salt, cold and heat. The biological functions of the dehydrin gene during the stress tolerance of wheat plant were also discussed, which would provide important information for the application of the dehydrin gene in wheat molecular breeding focused on the improvement of stress tolerance.【Method】RT-PCR technology was used in cDNA cloning of TaDHN-1 and proper bioinformatic methods were applied for characterizing the dehydrin gene and its deduced protein. The gene expression patterns were analyzed by using the real time qRT-PCR. 【Result】A wheat dehydrin gene TaDHN-1 was cloned and sequencing analysis showed that the cDNA of the dehydrin gene is 487 bp in length, and encodes 112 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of about 11.5 kD and pI of 6.6. Amino acid sequence analysis indicated that the TaDHD-1 included a conserved C-terminal K-segment and was sorted into Kn subfamily of dehydrins. Protein structural analysis demonstrated that the region of loops accounted for 82.1% of the whole protein and this feature was related to the higher hydrophilia of the dehydrin. PredictProtein analysis showed that no transmemberane region was detected in TaDHN-1 and it was located in cytoplasm. The expression analysis revealed that TaDHN-1 was induced by plant hormone ABA, as well as by drought-, salt- and chilling- stresses, while insensitive to the heat stress in wheat plants. Interestingly, the expression level of TaDHN-1 was gradually decreased with the development of wheat kernels and the expression was very weak at later period of seed maturation, which indicated that TaDHN-1 was not involved in the dehydration protection during the maturation of wheat seeds. 【Conclusion】 The wheat dehydrin gene TaDHN-1 belongs to the Kn subclass of plant dehydrin family, and it was involved in the ABA dependent stress-responding pathway. It was deduced that TaDHN-1 plays important roles during the stress tolerance of drought, high-salt and cold, while is insensitive to heat stress and not involved in the dehydration protection during the maturation of wheat seeds.

张宁, 孙敏善, 刘露露, 孟凡荣, 任江萍, 尹钧, 李永春. 小麦脱水素基因TaDHN-1的特征及其对非生物胁迫响应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(4): 849-858.

ZHANG Ning, SUN Min-Shan, LIU Lu-Lu, MENG Fan-Rong, REN Jiang-Ping, YIN Jun, LI Yong-Chun. Characterization of a Dehydrin Gene TaDHN-1 and Its Response to Abiotic Stresses in Wheat[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(4): 849-858.

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