高温诱导蛋鸡氧化损伤及对卵泡发育的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.16.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究高温诱导蛋鸡氧化损伤及对卵泡发育的影响，探讨环境高温抑制蛋鸡卵泡发育、降低产蛋量的机制。【方法】试验分两部分进行：试验一，将180只27周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为3个处理组，分别饲养于人工环境控制舱内，3个处理组分别为常温组（23℃，饲喂基础日粮）、日循环高温组（28—35—28℃，饲喂基础日粮）和高温补充VE组（28—35—28℃，饲喂基础日粮+250 IU•kg-1 VE），试验期14 d；试验二，分离蛋鸡F1和F2卵泡颗粒层并制备颗粒细胞悬浮液，将颗粒细胞分别在39或44℃下培养。【结果】试验一结果显示，日循环高温显著抑制蛋鸡卵泡发育，表现为产蛋数量下降（P＜0.05）、卵巢重量降低（P＜0.05）、大卵泡数量减少（P＜0.05），同时颗粒细胞层细胞色素P450胆固醇侧链裂解酶（P450scc）mRNA的表达量以及孕酮（P4）分泌量均显著（P＜0.05）减少；日循环高温还诱导蛋鸡氧化损伤，表现为蛋鸡血浆、肝脏和卵黄中丙二醛（MDA）水平上升（P＜0.05）；高温环境下补充250 IU•kg-1 VE，显著降低蛋鸡血浆、肝脏和卵黄中MDA水平（P＜0.05），同时显著缓解高温对卵泡发育的抑制（P＜0.05）。试验二结果显示，提高培养温度可显著增加颗粒细胞中活性氧（ROS）的产生量（P＜0.05），同时抑制颗粒细胞的增殖活性（P＜0.05）；培养液中添加VE预处理24 h可显著缓解高温的影响，表现为细胞ROS降低（P＜0.05），细胞增殖活性增加（P＜0.05）。【结论】高温增加蛋鸡颗粒细胞ROS的产生量，诱导蛋鸡机体（肝脏，血浆和卵黄）氧化损伤，同时影响颗粒细胞增殖及分泌孕酮的能力，抑制蛋鸡卵泡发育；补充VE可以缓解高温诱导的蛋鸡氧化损伤，并缓解高温对卵泡发育的抑制。表明高温抑制蛋鸡卵泡发育与诱导蛋鸡氧化损伤有关。

关键词: 高温, 卵泡发育, 颗粒细胞, 氧化损伤, 蛋鸡

Abstract: 【Objective】 Two experiments were conducted to assess the relationship between follicle development of heat stressed laying hens and oxidative stress induced by high temperature, and then to reveal the mechanism of lower egg production of heat stressed laying hens.【Method】In experiment 1, 180 Hy-line Brown hens, 27 wk of age, were randomly divided into three groups and housed into three controlled environment chambers. Three groups were respectively normal thermal group (NT group: 28℃, basal diet), daily cyclic high temperature group (HT group: 28-35-28℃, basal diet) and daily cyclic high temperature and supplemented with Vitamin E (VE) group (HT+VE group: 28-35-28℃, basal diet supplemented with 250 IU•kg-1 VE). In experiment two, granulosa cells dissociated from F1 and F2 follicles were incubated under either 39℃ or 44℃. 【Result】The results of experiment 1 showed that daily cyclic high temperature significantly inhibited follicle development of laying hens, which mainly manifested as decreasing in egg production (P＜0.05), ovary weight (P＜0.05) and large follicle number (P＜0.05) as well as inhibition in P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc ) mRNA expression (P＜0.05) and progesterone (P4) production (P＜0.05) in granulosa cell. The results also showed that daily cyclic high temperature induced hens oxidative stress, which manifested as higher malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (P＜0.05) in plasma, liver tissue and egg yolk. When exposed to cyclic high temperature, 250 IU•kg-1 VE supplementation decreased MDA concentration significantly in plasma (P＜0.05), liver tissue (P＜0.05), egg yolk (P＜0.05), and alleviated (P＜0.05) inhibition in follicle development of laying hens. The results of experiment 2 showed that high temperature increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level (P＜0.05) in granulosa cells and decreased proliferation of granulosa cells (P＜0.05). VE supplemented into medium alleviated the negative effects of chronic heat stress, manifested as decreasing in ROS level (P＜0.05) and increasing in proliferation of granulosa cells (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The results demonstrated that heat stress increased ROS level in granulosa cell and induced hens (liver, plasma and egg yolk) oxidative stress, in addition, heat stress inhibited P4 production, proliferation of granulosa cells and follicle development of laying hen, while VE depressed oxidative damage induced by heat stress, promoted follicle development of heat stressed laying hens. All the results suggest that the mechanism of poor follicle development of heat stressed hens involves in oxidative stress induced by high temperature.

Key words: high temperature, follicle development, granulosa cells, oxidative damage, laying hen

杨晓岚, 张敏红, 冯京海, 翟利利, 姜礼文. 高温诱导蛋鸡氧化损伤及对卵泡发育的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(16): 3391-3398.

YANG Xiao-Lan, ZHANG Min-Hong, FENG Jing-Hai, DI Li-Li, JIANG Li-Wen. Influence of High Temperature on Oxidative Damage and Follicle Development of Laying Hens[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(16): 3391-3398.

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