中国农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (20): 4547-4569.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.20.009

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

药用柑橘应用研究现状与前景

刘泽洋1,2,3(), 梁亚宁1,2,3(), 陈琪1,2,3, 谈梦琪1,2,3, 张慧贤1,2,3, 袁子彧1,2,3, 杨勇4, 张飞1, 徐强1, 邓秀新1, 陈嘉景1,2,3(), 徐娟1,2,3()   

  1. 1 华中农业大学园艺林学学院/果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室, 武汉 430070
    2 湖北洪山实验室, 武汉 430070
    3 华中农业大学园艺产品感官评价与品质检测中心, 武汉 430070
    4 湖北省潜江市人民政府, 湖北潜江 433100
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-08 接受日期:2026-07-21 出版日期:2026-10-16 发布日期:2026-10-21
  • 通信作者:
    陈嘉景,E-mail:。
    徐娟,E-mail:
  • 联系方式: 刘泽洋,E-mail:liuzeyang@webmail.hzau.edu.cn。梁亚宁,E-mail:3389763309@qq.com。刘泽洋和梁亚宁为同等贡献作者。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(32272685); 湖北省卓越创新群体项目(2025AFA006); 种质筛选及栽培管理技术配套项目(HBFTZB-2023-0016); 正柑汇陈皮感官评价体系建设技术服务(20251948A/C05)

Research Progress and Prospect of Medicinal Citrus Application

LIU ZeYang1,2,3(), LIANG YaNing1,2,3(), CHEN Qi1,2,3, TAN MengQi1,2,3, ZHANG HuiXian1,2,3, YUAN ZiYu1,2,3, YANG Yong4, ZHANG Fei1, XU Qiang1, DENG XiuXin1, CHEN JiaJing1,2,3(), XU Juan1,2,3()   

  1. 1 National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops/College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070
    2 Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070
    3 Sensory Evaluation and Quality Inspection Center for Horticultural Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070
    4 People's Government of Qianjiang City, Hubei Province, Qianjiang 433100, Hubei
  • Received:2026-03-08 Accepted:2026-07-21 Published:2026-10-16 Online:2026-10-21

摘要:

除鲜食、榨汁与精油提取等用途外,柑橘也是重要的传统中药基原植物。药用柑橘栽培与应用历史已有2 000多年,其功效归因于富含的类黄酮、挥发性成分、生物碱、香豆素、类柠檬苦素及多糖等多种生物活性物质,共同构成了抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌等药理作用的物质基础。然而药用柑橘活性成分的组成及含量受到种质、生境、生长发育阶段及组织特异性等因素的显著影响,导致不同基因型、产地及生长期的药用柑橘在药效上呈现显著差异。尽管药用和保健价值已获广泛认同,但目前针对药用柑橘基原植物正本清源、药效成分系统鉴定、法定质量评价指标确立以及新种质资源发掘等方面的研究仍较为有限。因此,本文系统梳理了药用柑橘的入药种质资源、组织器官及其主要功效成分,并对其药效物质基础、基本评价指标的研究成果进行总结,进一步对品质评价体系优化、入药种质精准鉴别、新资源发掘及个性化使用规范等方面提出展望,以期为科学评价与提升药用柑橘药效成分、推动药用新种质的发掘利用与创新以及产业上相关规范性标准的建立提供理论参考。

关键词: 药用柑橘, 基原植物, 药效成分, 综合评价, 种质发掘与创新

Abstract:

In addition to fresh consumption, juicing, and essential oil extraction, citrus is also an important botanical source in traditional Chinese medicine. With a history of medicinal use spanning over two millennia, their therapeutic effects are attributed to diverse bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, volatile components, alkaloids, coumarins, limonoids, and polysaccharides, which collectively contribute to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. However, the composition and levels of these active components are influenced by multiple factors, such as germplasm, environment, developmental stage, and tissue type, resulting in considerable variation in efficacy among different genotypes, origins, and harvest periods. Despite widespread recognition of its medicinal and health benefits, research remains limited in several key areas, including the accurate identification of botanical origins, systematic characterization of bioactive components, establishment of official quality evaluation standards, and exploration of novel germplasm resources. This review systematically examined the medicinal citrus germplasm resources, medicinal tissues, and their primary functional components, focusing on the material basis of efficacy and fundamental evaluation indicators. Future research prospects were also proposed concerning quality assessment system improvement, accurate germplasm identification, novel resource exploitation and standardized personalized medicinal application. Collectively, this review provides a theoretical foundation for improving the quality control of medicinal citrus, promoting the discovery and utilization of novel germplasms, and facilitating the development of industry-wide regulatory standards.

Key words: medicinal citrus, source plant, bioactive constituent, comprehensive evaluation, germplasm exploration and innovation