111份紫花苜蓿种质资源萌发期抗旱性鉴定评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.10.003

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (10): 1896-1907.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.10.003

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

111份紫花苜蓿种质资源萌发期抗旱性鉴定评价

陈彩锦¹^,²^,³(), 马琳³, 包明芳¹^,², 张国辉², 蒋庆雪³, 杨天辉⁴, 王川⁴, 王晓春⁴, 高婷⁴, 王学敏³(), 刘文辉¹()

¹ 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院，西宁 810016
² 宁夏农林科学院固原分院，宁夏固原 756000
³ 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所，北京 100193
⁴ 宁夏农林科学院动物科学研究所，银川 750002

收稿日期:2024-11-13 接受日期:2024-12-23 出版日期:2025-05-16 发布日期:2025-05-21
通信作者:
王学敏，E-mail：wangxuemin@caas.cn。
刘文辉，E-mail：qhliuwenhui@163.com
联系方式: 陈彩锦，E-mail：ccj401224@126.com。
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2022BBF02029); 农业种质资源普查收集、保护鉴定服务项目(19240485); 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34); 固原市创新驱动科技研发“拨改投”项目(2024BGTYF01-33); 宁夏农业种质资源库基础条件建设项目(2022DPC05001); 宁夏生态农业产业专家服务基地项目(2420000001)

Identification and Evaluation of Drought Resistance for 111 Germplasm Resources of Alfalfa During Germination Stage

CHEN CaiJin¹^,²^,³(), MA Lin³, BAO MingFang¹^,², ZHANG GuoHui², JIANG QingXue³, YANG TianHui⁴, WANG Chuan⁴, WANG XiaoChun⁴, GAO Ting⁴, WANG XueMin³(), LIU WenHui¹()

¹ Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining 810016
² Guyuan Branch, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan 756000, Ningxia
³ Institute of Animal Scince, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193
⁴ Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002

Received:2024-11-13 Accepted:2024-12-23 Published:2025-05-16 Online:2025-05-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】鉴定评价苜蓿种质资源的抗旱性，筛选出不同抗旱性苜蓿种质材料，为进一步开展苜蓿抗旱资源的创制和育种利用奠定基础。【方法】以收集的111份苜蓿种质资源为试验材料，以PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫条件，设置干旱胁迫（13% PEG-6000溶液）和对照（蒸馏水）2个处理，以萌发期的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、萌发指数、根长、芽长、鲜重和干重9个指标为测定指标，利用综合抗旱系数（CDC值）和抗旱性度量值（D值）对萌发期苜蓿的抗旱性进行综合评价，同时，采用单项抗旱系数、相关性分析、主成分分析和逐步回归分析筛选影响萌发的主要抗旱鉴定指标。【结果】通过研究苜蓿种质资源9个指标的单项抗旱系数对干旱胁迫的响应，发现活力指数、鲜重和萌发指数可作为萌发期抗旱性筛选的重要指标。各指标的单项抗旱系数中发芽指数与萌发指数、发芽率和活力指数的相关性最高，分别是0.9838、0.9495和0.9338。主成分分析将9个指标转换成3个主成分，累计贡献率是87.287%。采用CDC值和D值2种方法对萌发期的苜蓿进行抗旱性鉴定，发现2种方法评价结果基本一致，但D值评价方法利用权重系数来反映每个抗旱指标对品种整体抗旱性的影响程度，因而评价结果更具全面性、可靠性和准确性。利用D值对111份苜蓿种质资源进行抗旱性的聚类划分，供试材料划分为5类，第Ⅰ类具有强抗旱性，包含1份材料；第Ⅱ类具有较强抗旱性，包含5份材料；第Ⅲ类具有中等抗旱性，包含55份材料；第Ⅳ类具有弱抗旱性，包含37份材料；第Ⅴ类具有干旱敏感性，包含13份材料。【结论】D值评价方法是评价苜蓿萌发期抗旱性最可靠的方法；筛选出AG37强抗旱性种质1份，AG19、AG5、AG13等较强抗旱性种质5份；确定出活力指数和萌发指数2个指标是评价苜蓿萌发期抗旱性的理想指标。

关键词: 苜蓿, 萌发期, 种质资源, 抗旱性, 综合评价

Abstract:

【Objective】 To identify and evaluate the drought resistance of alfalfa germplasm resources, screen out different drought-resistant alfalfa germplasm materials, and lay a foundation for further development of drought-resistant alfalfa resources creation and breeding utilization. 【Method】 In this study, A total of 111 alfalfa germplasm resources were used as experimental materials, and drought stress conditions were simulated using a 13% PEG-6000 solution. Two treatments were established: drought stress (13% PEG-6000) and a control (distilled water). Drought tolerance at germination stage were comprehensively evaluated by the comprehensive drought resistance coefficient (CDC value) and drought resistance coefficient (D value) using nine indicators, including germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vitality index, promptness index, root length, bud length, fresh weight and dry weight. Meanwhile, single drought tolerance coefficients, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis were conducted to identify the key indicators influencing drought resistance during germination. 【Result】 Analysis of the single drought tolerance coefficients for the nine indicators showed that vitality index, fresh weight, and promptness index were key indicators for screening drought resistance at the germination stage. The single drought tolerance coefficients of the indicators had the highest correlation among germination index and promptness index, germination rate, vitality index, with coefficients of 0.9838, 0.9495 and 0.9338, respectively. Principal component analysis transformed the nine indicators into three principal components with a cumulative contribution of 87.287%. Drought resistance of alfalfa at germination stage was identified using two methods with CDC value and D value, and it was found that the evaluation results of the two methods were highly consistent; however, the D value method was more comprehensive, reliable, and accurate, as it used the weighting coefficients to reflect the degree of influence of each indicator to the overall drought resistance of the varieties. Based on the D value, the 111 alfalfa germplasm resources were clustered into five categories: ClassⅠ(strongest drought resistance, 1 accession), Class Ⅱ (strong drought resistance, 5 accessions), Class Ⅲ (moderate drought resistance, 55 accessions), Class Ⅳ (weak drought resistance, 37 accessions), and Class Ⅴ (drought-sensitive, 13 accessions). 【Conclusion】 The D value evaluation method was found to be the most reliable for assessing drought resistance in alfalfa during the germination stage; The study identified AG37 as the strongest drought resistance germplasm, along with five strong drought resistance accessions, including AG19, AG5, AG13 and other. Vitality index and promptness index were determined to be the most suitable indicators for evaluating drought resistance in alfalfa at the germination stage.

Key words: Medicago sativa L., germination stage, germplasm resources, drought resistance, comprehensive assessment

陈彩锦, 马琳, 包明芳, 张国辉, 蒋庆雪, 杨天辉, 王川, 王晓春, 高婷, 王学敏, 刘文辉. 111份紫花苜蓿种质资源萌发期抗旱性鉴定评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(10): 1896-1907.

CHEN CaiJin, MA Lin, BAO MingFang, ZHANG GuoHui, JIANG QingXue, YANG TianHui, WANG Chuan, WANG XiaoChun, GAO Ting, WANG XueMin, LIU WenHui. Identification and Evaluation of Drought Resistance for 111 Germplasm Resources of Alfalfa During Germination Stage[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(10): 1896-1907.

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指标 Index	范围 Range	均值 Mean	均方 Mean square	变异系数 CV (%)
相对发芽势RGE	0.00-2.20	0.72	0.2914	40.22
相对发芽率RGR	0.42-2.50	0.93	0.2621	28.24
相对发芽指数RGI	0.25-2.38	0.67	0.2580	38.38
相对活力指数RVI	0.13-1.57	0.43	0.1778	41.08
相对萌发指数RPI	0.13-2.40	0.65	0.2667	41.19
相对根长RRL	0.72-2.01	1.14	0.2510	22.09
相对芽长RBL	0.48-0.90	0.73	0.0751	10.28
相对鲜重RFW	0.45-1.43	0.64	0.1120	17.44
相对干重RDW	0.71-2.65	1.13	0.2533	22.51

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin度量值 Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measurement value	Bartlett球形度检验 Bartlett’s sphericity test
0.717	近似卡方Approximate Chi-squared value	1461.741
	自由度Degrees freedom	36
	显著性Significance	0.000

指标 Index	主成分Principal component
指标 Index	第1主成分PC1	第2主成分PC2	第3主成分PC3
相对发芽势RGE	0.857	-0.142	0.258
相对发芽率RGR	0.936	-0.058	-0.182
相对发芽指数RGI	0.984	-0.070	-0.095
相对活力指数RVI	0.962	0.203	0.077
相对萌发指数RPI	0.978	-0.108	0.011
相对根长RRL	0.659	0.042	-0.430
相对芽长RBL	0.218	-0.265	0.836
相对鲜重RFW	0.156	0.832	0.427
相对干重RDW	0.061	0.919	-0.121
特征值Eigenvalues	4.969	1.691	1.195
贡献率Contribution rate (%)	55.216	18.789	13.282
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution (%)	55.216	74.005	87.287

编号 Number	CDC值 CDC values	编号 Number	D值 D values
AG37	1.6950	AG37	0.6986
AG19	1.2631	AG19	0.4767
AG5	1.1567	AG5	0.4696
AG13	1.1415	AG13	0.4415
AG23	1.0490	AG26	0.4225
AG16	1.0418	AG111	0.4182
AG14	1.0338	AG10	0.3969
AG15	0.9978	AG8	0.3933
AG10	0.9768	AG16	0.3922
AG11	0.9758	AG88	0.3733

111份紫花苜蓿种质资源萌发期抗旱性鉴定评价

Identification and Evaluation of Drought Resistance for 111 Germplasm Resources of Alfalfa During Germination Stage

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