植物与有益微生物互作的分子基础及其应用的研究进展

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.14.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物与微生物在长期的侵染和抗侵染过程中逐渐形成了复杂的互作关系，二者相互利用、协同进化。一些病原微生物致病能力的变化或增强迫使植物提高抗病性，同时改进了植物的农艺性状、产量性状和品质性状。植物与微生物互作关系的分子生物学研究促进了植物基因工程育种途径的创立和生产潜力的提高，尤其微生物介导的基因转移已成为改良植物的重要工具。本文概括性综述了植物与一些主要有益微生物互作的应答反应、信号传导和分子基础，以及利用有益微生物对改良植物性状和生产水平的研究进展。描述了植物对主要有益微生物的应答途径，以及植物和农杆菌、根瘤菌、真菌及植物病毒互作的分子信号系统，并介绍了它们在基因工程、遗传育种和生产实践中的应用。对于人们正确认识有益微生物的两面性，改变传统观念，进一步利用有益微生物的正向作用提高植物抗病性、抗逆性、品质和生产潜力，培育优良作物品种等，具有一定参考价值。

关键词: 植物, 农杆菌, 根瘤菌, 内生真菌, 植物病毒, 互作

Abstract: There is a close and complex relationship between plants and microorganisms in their living environments, and they both evolve synchronously and use products from each other for better surviving in the long evolutionary history. The resistance of plants to microorganisms has been increased with the enhancement of the virulence of pathogenic microorganisms, and meanwhile the economic traits of plants related to agronomic biology, yield and quality, have also been improved through nature variation or human interfering technologies. Molecular biology of plant-pathogen interactions has promoted the establishment of genetic engineering breeding strategies, in particular, gene transformation, mediated by microorganisms has become a very important technology for genetic improvement of plants. The immune responses, signal transduction and molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of plants and some main beneficial microorganisms, and the advances in applying beneficial microorganisms in genetic engineering of plant improvement were reviewed. The immune response pathways, and the molecular signaling pathway in the interaction between plants and some beneficial microorganisms including Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, endophytes and virus, were described in detail, and the application of them in genetic engineering and breeding was summarized. This review will help people in related research fields to accurately recognize the essence of plant pathogens, change conventional ideas, and improve the resistance or tolerance of plants to biotic or abiotic stresses by using the positive side of beneficial microorganisms to obtain good crop varieties.

Key words: plants, Agrobacterium, Rhizobium, endophyte, plant virus, interaction

周晓鸿, 田芳, 杜丽璞, 王轲, 林志珊, 叶兴国. 植物与有益微生物互作的分子基础及其应用的研究进展[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(14): 2801-2814.

ZHOU Xiao-Hong, TIAN Fang, DU Li-Pu, WANG Ke, LIN Zhi-Shan, YE Xing-Guo. Advances in Molecular Biology Research of Interaction between Plants and Beneficial Microorganisms and Their Applications in Plant Improvement[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(14): 2801-2814.

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