中国农业科学

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洱海流域植烟土壤养分时空变异特征及土壤肥力评价

郭迎新1,陈永亮1,苗琪1,范志勇3,孙军伟3,崔振岭1,李军营2 #br#   

  1. 1中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京1001932云南省烟草农业科学研究院,云南玉溪6531003云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000
  • 出版日期:2021-07-22 发布日期:2021-07-22

Spatial-Temporal Variability of Soil Nutrients and Assessment of Soil Fertility in Erhai Lake Basin

GUO YingXin1, CHEN YongLiang1, MIAO Qi1, FAN ZhiYong3, SUN JunWei3, CUI ZhenLing1, LI JunYing2   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193; 2Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agriculture Science, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan; 3 Yunan Dali Tobacco Company, Dali 671000, Yunan
  • Published:2021-07-22 Online:2021-07-22

摘要: 【目的】通过研究洱海流域植烟土壤养分时空变异特征,实现对该区域植烟土壤肥力分级评价及其空间可视化的目标,进而为洱海流域烟田养分分区管理、平衡施肥、农业面源污染防控等提供科学依据。【方法】以2011—2013年、2018年和2020年洱海流域植烟区964个土壤样品为研究对象,采用地统计学和地理信息系统(Geographic Information SystemsGIS)技术探究养分的时空变异特征和区域分布格局,并采用Fuzzy综合评价法对植烟区土壤肥力进行定量化评价。【结果】2011—2020年洱海流域植烟土壤pH、有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾的均值为7.3459.55 g·kg-13.49 g·kg-154.43 mg·kg-1191.99 mg·kg-1,均表现为中等变异。植烟土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量丰富,丰缺等级处于中上等级及以上的区域面积占比分别为85.19%93.81%94.48%78.82%,存在明显的区域变异性。植烟土壤肥力处于I—V级的区域面积占比分别为8.01%21.60%38.11%28.87%3.41%。【结论】洱海流域植烟土壤pH整体偏碱性,且呈现出洱海北部高于南部的现状;有机质和全氮含量高值区主要分布于洱海北部和西部;有效磷含量高值区以斑块状分布在三江中上游地区、洱海东部和洱海西部;速效钾含量高值区片状分布在洱海北部和东部。洱海流域植烟土壤整体肥力较高,III级及以上土壤高肥力区主要分布在洱海北部和东部。


关键词: 烟田, 土壤养分, 时空变异, 土壤肥力评价, 洱海流域

Abstract: 【ObjectiveBy studying the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of tobacco-planting soil nutrients in Erhai Lake Basin (ELB), the objective of grading evaluation and spatial visualization of tobacco-planting soil fertility in this region was achieved, so as to provide scientific basis for the nutrient management, balanced fertilization, and the control of agricultural non-point source pollution of tobacco-planting areas in ELB.MethodBased on the 964 tobacco-planting soil samples in ELB collected in 2011-2013, 2018 and 2020, this study explored the spatial-temporal variability of nutrients and regional distribution patterns using Geostatistics, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, and Fuzzy integrated fertility index method to quantify the soil fertility in tobacco-planting areas. ResultThe average values of soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) of tobacco-planting soil in the ELB were 7.34, 59.55 g kg-1, 3.49 g kg-1, 54.43 mg kg-1, and 191.99 mg kg-1, all of which belonging to moderate variation. Tobacco-planting soil was rich in SOM, TN, available AP and AK, and the proportions of areas within the upper-middle level accounted for 85.2%, 93.8%, 94.2% and 78.8% , respectively, showing obvious variation at regional scale. The area of tobacco-planting soil fertility were graded to five levels (from high to low: I to V), which accounted for 8.0%, 21.60%, 38.11%, 28.9% and 3.49%, respectively. ConclusionThe pH of tobacco-planting soil was relatively alkaline in ELB, which was higher in the northern than in the southern; the highest concentrations of SOM and TN occurred in the northern and the western region; the areas with high AP concentration were distributed in patches in the upper and middle region of the Sanjiang River, Eastern eastern and western region; the areas with high AK concentration were distributed in flakes in the northern and eastern of Erhai Lake. Collectively, the fertility of the tobacco-growing soil in ELB was in high level, and the high-quality soil areas above Grade III were mainly distributed in the northern and eastern region.


Key words: tobacco field, soil nutrient, spatial-temporal variability, assessment of soil fertility, Erhai Lake Basin