基于GYT双标图分析对国家糜子区域试验品种的综合评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.16.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】利用GYT双标图分析糜子在不同试点的农艺性状和产量及品种-性状间的互作特性，并对参试品种开展多性状综合评判和分类研究，为品种合理布局和区域规划提供理论依据。【方法】结合相关性分析，利用GGE双标图、GT双标图和GYT双标图技术对2019—2020年国家糜子区域试验20个参试品种在15个试点的生育天数、株高、主茎节数、主穗长、穗粒重、千粒重等农艺性状和产量进行综合评价。【结果】相关性分析表明，在粳性和糯性糜子中，产量都与生育天数极显著正相关，与主穗长极显著负相关，株高与生育天数和主穗长显著正相关。在粳性糜子中，产量与主茎节数显著负相关，主茎节数和千粒重极显著正相关。在糯性糜子中，产量与千粒重极显著正相关，生育天数与株高和千粒重显著正相关。用GT双标图对糜子参试品种基因型-性状的互作效应分析表明，粳性糜子和糯性糜子GT双标图的主成分PC1和PC2分别解释了基因型-性状互作效应的61.81%和69.96%，GT双标图展示的参试品种的农艺性状间相关性与参试品种性状间皮尔森相关性系数基本一致。运用GYT双标图技术对参试品种的产量-性状组合间两两相关性进行分析，所有组合性状均显著正相关。计算各品种的理想指数，以此为标准鉴定出伊11-02-92-4、固19-63、0515-2-2、伊11-03-3-2-2和正隆糜1号等品种为产量-性状组合表现优良的品种，赤糜3号、西农2018-N02、西农2018-N10、Y1660、西农18-W02和西农18-W06等品种综合表现较差。利用GGE双标图对参试品种产量的丰产性和稳定性及适宜生态区分析，结果表明，伊11-02-92-4和0515-2-2在不同种植区较其他品种具有更广泛的适应性和更好的丰产性，展现出绝对的区域产量优势。【结论】糜子品种多性状评价方法中，GYT双标图分析评价的糜子品种结果相较于GGE和GT双标图可信度更高，是科学评价糜子品种优劣的有效方法。国家糜子区域试验参试品种中，综合表现较好的粳性品种为伊11-02-92-4，该品种适宜在东北春糜子区和黄土高原春夏糜子区推广种植；综合表现较好的糯性品种为0515-2-2，该品种适宜在北方春糜子区和黄土高原春夏糜子区推广种植。

关键词: GYT双标图, 理想指数, 糜子, 区域试验, 产量-性状组合

Abstract:

【Objective】GYT biplot analysis was employed to analyze agronomic traits, yields and cultivar-trait interactions of test proso millet varieties in different trial sites and comprehensively asses and classify these test varieties in term of their multiple traits, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reasonable arrangements and zonations of proso millet varieties in China.【Method】GGE biplot, GT biplot and GYT biplot along with the analysis of correlation were employed to comprehensively assess 20 varieties tested in the State Multi-region Trial for Proso Millet in 15 trial sites in 2019-2020 in terms of their growth period, plant heights, node numbers, main spike lengths, grain weights per spike, 1000-kernel weights and yields.【Result】It was showed by the analysis of correlation that in both non-waxy and waxy proso millet varieties, the yields were significantly and positively correlated with the growth period and negatively correlated with the main spike lengths, and the plant heights was significantly and positively correlated with the growth period and main spike lengths. In non-waxy proso millet varieties, the yields were also significantly negatively correlated with the node numbers, and the node numbers and 1000-kernel weights were significantly and positively correlated. In waxy proso millet varieties, the yields were significantly and positively correlated with the 1000-kernel weights, and the growth period were significantly and positively correlated with the plant heights and 1000-kernel weights. The analysis of genotype-trait interactive effects by GT biplot showed that the main components of GT biplot PC1 and PC2 explained 61.81% and 69.96% of genotype-trait interactive effects in no-waxy and waxy proso millets, respectively. The correlations between agronomic traits of the tested varieties displayed by GT biplot were basically consistent with Pearson correlation coefficients. The correlations between the yield-trait combinations of the tested varieties were analyzed by GYT biplot, and all the traits of these combinations were significantly and positively correlated. In terms of calculated ideal indexes, Yi 11-02-92-4, Gu 19-63, 0515-2-2, Yi 11-03-3-2-2 and Zhenglongmi 1 were identified as varieties with a good yield-traits combination performance. In terms of comprehensive performances, Chimi 3, Xinong 2018-N02, Xinong 2018-N10, Y1660, Xinong 18-W02 and Xinong 18-W06 poorly performed. It followed that Yi 11-02-92-4 and 0515-2-2 had wider adaptabilities and better yields than the other varieties in different planting areas, showing an absolute regional yield advantage. 【Conclusion】In assessing multiple traits of millet varieties, GYT biplot analysis was more reliable than GGE and GT biplot analysis, so that it was an effective method to scientifically assess merits of proso millet varieties. Among the varieties tested in the state multi-region trial for proso millet, the no-waxy variety with the best comprehensive performance was Yi 11-02-92-4 and suitable to be planted in spring planting areas of proso millet in Northeast China and spring and summer-planting areas of proso millet on the Loess Plateau. The waxy variety of 0515-2-2 with a better comprehensive performance was suitable to be planted in spring-planting areas of proso millet in northern China and spring- and summer-planting areas of proso millet on the Loess Plateau.

Key words: GYT biplot, ideal index, proso millet, multi-region trial, yield-trait combination

马智秀, 柴少华, 郭岩, 石兴, 杨清华, 高金锋, 高小丽, 冯佰利, 杨璞. 基于GYT双标图分析对国家糜子区域试验品种的综合评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(16): 3062-3076.

MA ZhiXiu, CHAI ShaoHua, GUO Yan, SHI Xing, YANG QingHua, GAO JinFeng, GAO XiaoLi, FENG BaiLi, YANG Pu. A Comprehensive Assessment of Proso Millet Varieties Tested in the State Multi-Region Trial by GYT Biplot Analysis[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(16): 3062-3076.

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产量×性状Yield×trait	YD×GP	YD×PH	YD×NN	YD×MSL	YD×GWE	YD×TGW
产量×生育天数YD×GP	1	0.748**	0.831**	0.800**	0.720**	0.856**
产量×株高YD×PH	0.804**	1	0.819**	0.860**	0.701**	0.880**
产量×主茎节数YD×NN	0.829**	0.923**	1	0.773**	0.765**	0.912**
产量×主穗长YD×MSL	0.874**	0.843**	0.851**	1	0.693**	0.824**
产量×穗粒重YD×GWE	0.728**	0.795**	0.774**	0.717**	1	0.767**
产量×千粒重YD×TGW	0.841**	0.894**	0.852**	0.832**	0.770**	1