窖藏和冷藏条件下鸭梨挥发性物质及其相关基因表达分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.21.013

中国农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (21): 4635-4649.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.21.013

窖藏和冷藏条件下鸭梨挥发性物质及其相关基因表达分析

岳盈肖^1,²,何近刚²,赵江丽²,闫子茹²,程玉豆²,武肖琦²,王永霞^1,^*(),关军锋^2,^*()

¹河北工程大学生命科学与食品工程学院,河北邯郸 056038
²河北省农林科学院生物技术与食品科学研究所/河北省植物转基因中心,石家庄 050051

收稿日期:2021-01-11 接受日期:2021-04-30 出版日期:2021-11-01 发布日期:2021-11-09
通讯作者: 王永霞,关军锋
作者简介:联系方式：岳盈肖,E-mail： yyingxiao@163.com。|何近刚,E-mail： hejingang2000@163.com。
基金资助:
财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-28-23);河北省农林科学院创新工程(2019-2-1)

Comparison Analysis on Volatile Compound and Related Gene Expression in Yali Pear During Cellar and Cold Storage Condition

YUE YingXiao^1,²,HE JinGang²,ZHAO JiangLi²,YAN ZiRu²,CHENG YuDou²,WU XiaoQi²,WANG YongXia^1,^*(),GUAN JunFeng^2,^*()

¹College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei
²Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Plant Genetic Engineering Center, Shijiazhuang 050051

Received:2021-01-11 Accepted:2021-04-30 Online:2021-11-01 Published:2021-11-09
Contact: YongXia WANG,JunFeng GUAN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】比较窖藏和冷藏过程中,鸭梨果实品质、呼吸速率、乙烯释放速率、电子鼻特征、挥发性物质及其相关基因表达的差异,进一步解析两种贮藏方式对鸭梨香气物质形成的影响及其机制。【方法】鸭梨采收后以窖藏和冷藏两种方式贮藏,测定贮藏期间果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量（SSC）、可滴定酸（TA）含量、呼吸速率和乙烯释放速率,使用电子鼻检测挥发性物质变化,利用气质联用色谱（GC-MS）测定挥发性物质成分及含量,利用荧光定量PCR（Real-time PCR）技术分析乙烯生成（PbACS1、PbACO2）及其信号转导（PbETR1、PbETR2、PbERS1a、PbERS1b、PbEIN3、PbERF）、挥发性物质合成（PbAAT1、PbADH2、PbADH3、PbADH5、PbHPL、PbLOX1、PbLOX8）相关基因的表达量变化情况。【结果】冷藏期间,鸭梨果实硬度变化较小,SSC上升,TA含量下降。窖藏时,果实硬度下降比较明显,但对SSC的影响较小,而TA含量增加。与冷藏相比,窖藏下果实呼吸速率较高,乙烯释放高峰提前1个月出现,且其峰值较高。电子鼻可有效区分两种贮藏方式下的挥发性物质,其中W1W、W5S、W2W、W1S这4种传感器对挥发性物质区分起主要作用;窖藏期间果实挥发性物质较多。鸭梨果皮和果肉的挥发性物质包含醛类、酯类、醇类、萜类、烷烃类等,且果皮中含量较高;窖藏果皮和果肉、冷藏果皮和果肉中分别检出36种和33种、28种和24种挥发性物质,窖藏鸭梨较冷藏时生成更多的乙酯类化合物,其中己酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、（E,Z）2,4-癸二烯酸乙酯等为果皮主要香味物质,己酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯为果肉主要香味物质。相关基因的表达分析表明,与冷藏相比,窖藏明显上调鸭梨果皮和果肉ACC氧化酶（PbACO2）、脂氧合酶（PbLOX1）和醇酰基转移酶（PbAAT1）相关基因的表达,下调乙烯不敏感转录因子（PbEIN3）的表达。【结论】在贮藏3个月内,与冷藏鸭梨相比,窖藏条件明显促进乙烯生成（PbACO2）和香气合成（PbLOX1、PbAAT1）等基因的表达,此时果实具有较多的香气物质种类和较高含量,表现出香味浓郁的特点。

关键词: 鸭梨, 品质, 挥发性物质, 电子鼻, 乙烯, 基因表达

Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of this study was to compare the differences of fruit quality, respiration rate, ethylene production rate, electronic nose characteristics, volatile compounds and related gene expression in Yali pear between cold and cellar storage, and to further analyze the effects of two storage methods on the formation of aroma substances and its mechanism. 【Method】Postharvest Yali pear was stored in cold and cellar condition, and the fruit firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acid (TA) content, respiration rate and ethylene production rate were measured. The changes of volatile compounds during storage were measured by electronic nose, and the components and contents of volatile substances were determined by GC-MS. The expression of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis (PbACS1 and PbACO2), signal transduction (PbETR1, PbETR2, PbERS1a, PbERS1b, PbEIN3 and PbERF) and volatile compound synthesis (PbAAT1, PbADH2, PbADH3, PbADH5, PbHPL, PbLOX1 and PbLOX8) was analyzed by real-time PCR. 【Result】During cold storage of Yali pear fruit, the firmness had no obvious variation, and the SSC increased, while the TA content decreased. During cellar storage, there was a remarkable decrement in firmness and increment in TA content, but there was no obvious variation in SSC. Compared with cold storage, the respiration rate was higher and the peak of ethylene production rate appeared one month earlier under cellar storage. The results showed that the electronic nose could effectively distinguish the volatile compounds of Yali pear in different storage methods. Four sensors, including W1W, W5S, W2W and W1S, played the critical role in the identification of volatile compounds, and there were more volatile substances in cellar storage. The volatile compounds, such as aldehydes, esters, alcohols, terpenes, alkanes, etc, were found in the peel and flesh of Yali pear, and which contents were higher in peel than that in flesh. 36, 33 and 28, 24 kinds of volatile compounds were detected in peel and flesh of fruit under celler, cold storage, respectively. There were more ester compounds in cellar storage than those in cold one, among which, ethyl caproate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl butyrate, (E, Z) 2,4-decadiene ester were the main aroma substances in the peel, ethyl caproate and ethyl butyrate were the main aroma substances in flesh. The analysis on expression of genes related to ethylene and aroma compound synthesis showed that the expression of ACC oxidase (PbACO2), lipoxygenase (PbLOX1) and alcohol acyltransferase (PbAAT1) genes were significantly increased, and the expression of ethylene insensitive transcriptional regulator gene (PbEIN3) was down regulated in cellar storage in contrast to cold storage. 【Conclusion】Compared with cold storage, cellar storage condition promoted ethylene production and the expression of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis (PbACO2) and aroma compound synthesis (PbLOX1 and PbAAT1), thus, made more kinds and contents of aroma substances, and exhibited more rich aroma in Yali pear.

Key words: Yali pear, quality, volatile compound, electronic nose, ethylene, gene expression

岳盈肖,何近刚,赵江丽,闫子茹,程玉豆,武肖琦,王永霞,关军锋. 窖藏和冷藏条件下鸭梨挥发性物质及其相关基因表达分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(21): 4635-4649.

YUE YingXiao,HE JinGang,ZHAO JiangLi,YAN ZiRu,CHENG YuDou,WU XiaoQi,WANG YongXia,GUAN JunFeng. Comparison Analysis on Volatile Compound and Related Gene Expression in Yali Pear During Cellar and Cold Storage Condition[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(21): 4635-4649.

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https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2021/V54/I21/4635

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表4

窖藏、冷藏鸭梨果皮中挥发性成分变化"

种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	窖藏时间（月）Cellar storage time (Month)			冷藏时间（月）Cold storage time (Month)
种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	1	2	3	1	2	3
醛类 Aldehyde	己醛 Hexanal	610.83±176.46a	571.58±255.42ab	-	-	473.64±35.71ab	381.78±44.51ab	240.45±19.71b
	(E)-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-Hexenal	128.13±29.39d	401.05±60.10a	352.44±64.79ab	435.08±76.48a	397.47±35.38a	265.22±26.89bc	234.52±11.08c
	壬醛 Nonanal	20.93±6.37c	54.78±5.43a	32.92±1.63b	23.42±4.00c	32.81±3.86b	20.73±0.66c	17.48±0.96c
	1,1-二甲氧基己烷 1,1-dimethoxyhexane	4.82±2.49b	23.69±5.92a	7.94±3.45b	-	3.36±1.34b	-	-
	癸醛 Decanal	1.63±0.46c	18.93±5.60b	29.01±3.99a	20.12±3.54b	3.09±0.92c	3.10±0.02c	3.16±1.34c
	(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯醛 (E,Z)- 2,4-Decadienal	-	13.05±4.17a	3.98±0.89b	10.09±2.22ab	-	-	-
	总量 Total	766.34	1083.08	426.29	488.70	910.38	670.83	495.61
酯类 Esters	丁酸甲酯Butanoic acid methyl ester	-	-	-	-	17.09±2.59a	10.97±2.96a	11.49±4.56a
	己酸甲酯 Hexanoic acid methyl ester	-	14.80±1.46b	35.84±1.56a	29.13±6.36a	-	-	-
	辛酸甲酯 Octanoic acid methyl ester	2.77±0.87c	149.02±22.37b	402.74±61.97a	319.80±69.75a	-	4.97±2.05c	-
	水杨酸甲酯 Salicylic acid methyl ester	3.66±0.30	-	-	-	-	-	-
	3-甲硫基-(E)-2-丙烯酸乙酯 3-(methylthio)-(E)-2-propenoate- ethyl ester	-	174.72±13.53a	158.19±20.90a	75.61±12.99b	-	-	-
	丁酸乙酯 Butanoic acid ethyl ester	-	861.78±127.76b	2234.49±246.21a	1211.75±174.70b	-	-	-
	(E)-2-甲基-2-丁烯酸乙酯 (E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid ethyl ester	-	27.85±2.98a	26.73±5.05a	11.51±4.56b	-	-	-
	戊酸乙酯 Pentanoic acid ethyl ester	-	26.85±2.19	51.50±5.19	-	-	-	-
	己酸乙酯 Hexanoic acid ethyl ester	-	4615.33±100.96c	8448.46±307.96a	6463.16±710.28b	-	86.30±29.03d	-
	2-己烯酸乙酯 2-Hexenoic acid ethyl ester	-	91.16±1.61c	271.51±9.38a	171.49±20.07b	-	-	-
	庚酸乙酯 Heptanoic acid ethyl ester	-	45.29±3.59b	95.29±7.35a	85.59±14.12a	-	-	-
	辛酸乙酯 Octanoic acid ethyl ester	-	1774.77±279.96b	2746.27±345.26a	2411.39±412.61a	1.18±0.13c	15.35±0.73c	-
	4-辛烯酸乙酯 4-Octenoic acid ethyl ester	-	15.49±2.21c	37.35±5.86b	67.77±12.05a	-	2.36±0.48c	-
	癸酸乙酯 Decanoic acid ethyl ester	-	45.03±8.91b	199.58±248.81a	251.87±29.21a	-	-	-
	(E)-2-癸烯酸乙酯 (E)-2-Decenoic acid ethyl ester	-	-		8.03±5.79	-	-	-
	(E)-4-癸烯酸乙酯 (E)-4-Decenoic acid ethyl ester	-	-	35.05±6.68	41.69±12.71	-	-	-
	(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯酸乙酯 (E,Z)-2,4-Decadienoic acid ethyl ester	-	80.09±11.23c	1123.28±114.87b	1482.82±208.68a	-	-	-
	苯甲酸乙酯 Benzoic acid ethyl ester	-	6.21±1.18	-	-	-	3.48±0.15	-
	苯乙酸乙酯 Benzene-acetic acid ethyl ester	-	-	-	5.25±1.12	-	-	-
	2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇二异丁酸酯 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol di-isobutyrate	2.68±1.90b	-	-	-	50.79±4.43a	32.39±20.10a	27.55±16.89ab
种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	窖藏时间（月）Cellar storage time (Month)			冷藏时间（月）Cold storage time (Month)
种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	1	2	3	1	2	3
	己二酸二异丁酯 Hexanedioic acid di-isobutyl ester	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.72±1.66
	乙酸己酯 Acetic acid hexyl ester	19.51±3.21f	426.39±5.87a	285.42±9.13b	65.37±8.27e	79.11±6.79e	140.07±18.12c	101.87±8.44d
	丁酸己酯 Butanoic acid hexyl ester	-	-	-	-	-	5.73±1.34	-
	乙酸庚酯 Acetic acid heptyl ester	-	22.87±3.35	-	-	-	-	-
	乙酸辛酯 Acetic acid octyl ester	-	317.87±44.09a	179.21±22.90b	64.47±8.75c	-	5.97±0.72d	1.88±0.40d
	乙酸癸酯 Acetic acid decyl ester	-	-	5.54±0.70	-	-	-	-
	总量Total	28.62	8695.51	16336.46	12766.68	148.17	307.59	147.51
烷烃类 Alkanes	癸烷 Decane	1014.95±681.18a	-	-	-	1191.52±414.35a	567.77±39.08a	631.00±134.43a
	十一烷 Undecane	3.65±2.56	-	-	-	-	-	-
	十三烷 Tridecane	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.14±0.19
	十四烷 Tetradecane	6.24±1.84	-	-	-	6.13±1.24	-	-
	十五烷 Pentadecane	6.15±2.34	-	-	-	-	-	-
	十六烷 Hexadecane	4.92±2.59	-	-	-	-	-	-
	二十烷 Eicosane	0.76±0.42b	-	-	-	7.11±0.55b	24.96±6.46a	3.90±0.49b
	总量 Total	1036.66	0.00	0.00	0.00	1204.75	592.73	636.04
醇类 Alcohols	正辛醇 1-Octanol	3.91±1.12d	206.41±12.57a	181.77±10.68b	91.63±9.57c	-	8.38±1.00d	-
	正癸醇 1-Decanol	-	143.13±18.99c	510.37±44.30a	257.50±22.23b	-	-	-
	2,4-癸二烯醇 2,4-Decadienol	-	78.90±10.39a	57.93±9.67b	18.61±1.33c	2.47±0.49d	5.87±0.82d	1.85±0.05d
	(Z)-4-癸烯-醇 (Z)-4-Decenol	-	163.83±28.42c	671.34±52.60a	501.19±63.90b	3.41±0.91d	11.02±1.50d	4.95±0.54d
	1,10-癸二醇 1,10-Decanediol	-	-	-	25.25±0.59	-	-	-
	总量 Total	3.91	592.27	1421.41	894.18	5.88	25.28	6.80
萜类 Terpenoids	(Z,E)-金合欢烯 (Z,E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,3,6,10-dodecatetraene	-	-	-	-	81.19±4.60c	234.64±10.19a	100.92±8.77b
	β-法尼烯 β-Farnesene	-	18.08±2.96a	15.06±1.77a	17.205±3.90a	-	5.09±0.17b	2.00±0.42b
	α-法尼烯α-Farnesene	8.06±1.49e	21147.84±1920.87a	16616.83±1260.42b	16321.98±2382.14b	4685.73±547.41d	10898.67±1476.44c	4775.20±407.78d
	总量Total	8.06	21165.91	16631.89	16339.19	4766.92	11138.40	4878.12
其他 Others	丁香酚2-Methoxy-3-(2-propenyl)-phenol	-	-	-	8.01±2.80	-	-	-
	4-烯丙基苯酚4-(2-Propenyl)-phenol	-	-	-	-	4.70±0.33c	27.93±1.92a	10.29±1.04b
	6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮 6-Methyl- 5-hepten-2-one	2.91±1.20e	47.97±1.73c	71.86±4.34b	106.19±11.01a	7.51±0.70e	33.18±2.92d	33.43±2.44d
	总量 Total	2.91	47.97	71.86	114.19	12.22	61.11	43.72
	挥发性成分总量 Total amount of volatile components	1846.50	31584.73	34887.91	30602.95	7048.31	12795.93	6207.79

表4

表5

窖藏、冷藏鸭梨果肉中挥发性成分变化"

种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	窖藏时间（月）Cellar storage time (Month)			冷藏时间（月）Cold storage time (Month)
种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	1	2	3	1	2	3
醛类 Aldehydes	己醛 Hexanal	13.77±4.63a	-	-	-	17.43±0.66a	15.82±7.13a	9.59±0.60a
	2-已烯醛 2-Hexenal	0.60±0.29c	-	-	-	6.48±0.18a	2.43±1.00b	3.48±0.93b
	(E)-2-辛烯醛 (E)-2-Octenal	0.59±0.02c	3.27±0.75b	5.95±0.63a	6.03±0.12a	2.93±0.24b	2.38±0.56b	3.09±0.38b
	壬醛 Nonanal	2.72±0.34c	7.76±1.73bc	12.26±5.68a	9.27±0.47b	8.17±0.79ab	5.50±0.57bc	4.14±0.66bc
	(E)-2-壬烯醛 (E)-2-Nonenal	0.47±0.10d	3.59±1.19bc	5.75±1.57a	5.81±0.52a	4.55±0.14ab	3.41±0.79bc	1.97±0.30cd
	癸醛 Decanal	0.78±0.05d	2.69±0.53bcd	8.72±2.97a	5.61±0.81b	4.26±0.63bc	3.04±0.58bcd	2.49±0.99cd
	(E)-2-癸醛 (E)- 2-Decenal	0.12±0.02c	2.47±0.22a	-	-	0.52±0.07b	0.48±0.05b	0.48±0.11b
	(E, E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E, E)-2,4-Nonadienal	-	-	-	-	0.12±0.01	-	-
	庚醛 Heptanal	-	-	-	-	0.54±0.06	-	-
	2-庚烯醛 2-Heptenal	-	-	-	-	1.85±0.11	-	-
	总量 Total	19.04	19.78	32.69	26.72	46.84	33.05	25.23
酯类 Esters	丁酸乙酯 Butanoic acid ethyl ester	-	345.70±150.45b	1164.28±476.33a	339.46±81.35b	-	-	-
	乙酸丁酯 Acetic acid butyl ester	-	-	-	-	-	6.95±2.99	1.95±0.48
	2-甲基丁酸乙酯 2-Methyl-butanoic acid ethyl ester	-	58.71±21.63b	179.79±58.74a	70.37±13.25b	-	-	-
	(E)-2-甲基-2-丁烯酸乙酯(E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid ethyl ester	-	9.67±1.11ab	15.98±5.21a	6.50±0.23c	-	-	-
	戊酸乙酯 Pentanoic acid ethyl ester	-	7.64±2.13b	29.56±7.90a	14.31±2.36b	-	-	-
	己酸乙酯 Hexanoic acid ethyl ester	-	561.10±113.48c	3681.45±480.26a	2763.89±96.90b	-	-	-
	2-己烯酸乙酯 2-Hexenoic acid ethyl ester	-	18.85±3.80c	223.67±10.45a	143.88±5.27b	-	-	-
	庚酸乙酯 Heptanoic acid ethyl ester	-	8.75±0.36b	62.29±6.15a	59.06±1.56a	-	-	-
	辛酸乙酯 Octanoic acid ethyl ester	0.17±0.04 b	7.50±1.55b	135.59±34.42a	159.95±8.23a	0.24±0.04b	-	-
	(E)-2-辛烯酸乙酯 (E)-2-Octenoate-ethyl ester	-	3.53±0.93b	120.23±31.97a	134.06±5.49a	-	-	-
	4-辛烯酸乙酯 4-Octenoic acid ethyl ester	-	-	3.33±1.00	6.39±0.43	-	-	-
	(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯酸乙酯(E,Z)-2,4-Decadienoic acid ethyl ester	-	2.42±0.32c	142.47±7.18b	186.42±13.75a	-	-	-
	3-羟基己酸乙酯3-Hydroxy-hexanoic acid ethyl ester	-	-	17.84±5.09	17.98±0.83	-	-	-
	3-甲硫基-2-丙烯酸乙酯3-(Methylthio)-(E)-2-propenoate ethyl ester	-	25.46±0.69c	80.42±6.86a	32.55±3.56b	-	-	-
	苯乙酸乙酯 Benzeneacetic acid ethyl ester	-	0.61±0.03c	1.94±0.13b	2.59±0.24a	-	-	-
种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	窖藏时间（月）Cellar storage time (Month)			冷藏时间（月）Cold storage time (Month)
种类 Kind	化合物名称 Compound name	贮藏初期 Initial storage	1	2	3	1	2	3
	己酸丙酯 Hexanoic acid propyl ester	-	-	1.87±0.57	1.47±0.06	-	-	-
	乙酸己酯 Acetic acid hexyl ester	3.02±0.18 f	104.95±7.55b	202.30±4.81a	38.98±2.12c	8.15±0.26ef	24.26±1.49d	12.82±0.67e
	乙酸庚酯 Acetic acid heptyl ester	-	4.33±1.02a	6.01±1.35a	1.21±0.20b	-	0.41±0.09b	-
	乙酸辛酯 Acetic acid octyl ester	-	19.35±4.09b	48.95±12.59a	11.92±0.93b	-	-	-
	2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇二异丁酸酯 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate	0.11±0.04c	9.48±1.17bc	27.55±8.56a	19.65±13.23 ab	6.66±1.89 bc	7.16±4.12 bc	4.23±0.87c
	己二酸二异丁酯 Hexanedioic acid di-isobutyl ester	-	-	3.51±1.56a	3.75±2.61a	0.40±0.19b	-	-
	总量 Total	3.31	1188.05	6149.01	4014.39	15.44	38.77	19.00
烷烃类 Alkanes	癸烷 Decane	91.53±75.84a	-	-	-	118.79±7.39a	164.08±67.55a	86.19±24.54a
	十四烷 Tetradecane	0.32±0.04	-	-	-	-	-	-
	十六烷 Hexadecane	0.13±0.03	-	-	-	-	-	-
	总量 Total	91.97		0.00	0.00	118.79	164.08	86.19
醇类 Alcohols	2-乙基己醇 2-Ethyl hexanol	0.09±0.08b	0.98±0.37a	-	-	1.03±0.23a	1.01±0.59a	0.56±0.18ab
	正辛醇 Octanol	0.19±0.06d	9.56±1.73b	26.29±1.45a	6.63±0.75c	0.28±0.04d	0.95±0.06d	0.25±0.08d
	正癸醇 Decanol	-	2.62±0.10c	79.54±5.92a	19.52±2.12b	-	-	-
	(Z)-4-癸烯醇 (Z)-4-Decenol	-	3.75±0.15c	45.83±1.36a	27.86±1.26b	-	-	-
	2,4-癸二烯醇 2,4-Decadienol	-	1.85±0.29	2.07±0.23	-	-	-	-
	总量 Total	0.28	18.76	153.73	54.01	1.31	1.96	0.81
萜类 Terpenoids	(Z,E)-金合欢烯 (Z,E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,3,6,10-Dodecatetraene	-	5.68±0.60c	34.83±7.47a	18.50±4.74b	0.15±0.05c	1.36±0.48c	0.49±0.14c
	α-法尼烯α-Farnesene	-	192.30±9.99b	513.13±117.75a	470.72±94.19a	3.90±0.76c	32.67±14.62c	14.34±4.48c
	总量 Total	0.00	197.99	547.96	489.22	4.05	34.03	14.83
其他 Others	乙酸-2-甲氧基-4-(2-丙烯基)苯酚Acetate-2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.19±0.01
	2-烯丙基苯酚 2-Allylphenol	-	-	-	-	-	1.12±0.12	0.41±0.04
	(Z)-6,10-二甲基-5,9-十一碳二烯-2-酮(Z)-6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-Undecadien-2-one	0.17±0.03a	-	-	-	0.23±0.01a	0.46±0.22a	0.46±0.19a
	6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮6-Methyl-5-Hepten-2-one	-	1.14±0.24b	3.59±1.28a	4.45±0.27a	-	-	-
	总量 Total	0.17	1.14	3.59	4.45	0.23	1.57	1.06
	挥发性成分总量 Total amount of volatile components	114.77	1425.71	6886.97	4588.78	186.65	273.46	147.12

表5

图5

表6

参考文献 25

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序列号 Order number	传感器名称 Sensor name	敏感化合物 Sensitive compound
1	W1C	芳香成分 Aromatic components
2	W5S	灵敏度大,氮氧化合物 Broad range, oxynitride
3	W3C	氨类、芳香成分 Ammonia, aromatic components
4	W6S	氢化物 Hydrogen
5	W5C	短链烷烃、芳香成分 Short chain alkanes, aromatic components
6	W1S	甲烷 Methane
7	W1W	硫化物、萜烯类 Sulphur-organic compound, terpenes
8	W2S	醇类、醛酮Alcohol, aldehyde ketone
9	W2W	有机硫化物、芳香成分 Organic sulfur compounds, aromatic components
10	W3S	长链烷烃 Long chain alkanes

基因 Gene	序列号 Genbank ID	引物序列 Primer sequence
PbACS1	XM_018643584.1	5′-GGGCACCACAATGACCAGA-3′
PbACS1	XM_018643584.1	5′-GTGAACTCGCTGCCAAAC-3′
PbACO2	XM_009357643.1	5′-GGTTCAAGGAAATGGTGGC-3′
PbACO2	XM_009357643.1	5′-AGCCTTCTTTAGATAGCCCTTC-3′
PbETR1a	XM_009367968.2	5′-AGTCTAAGCAGCCTTTTGCACC-3′
PbETR1a	XM_009367968.2	5′-TGCTGACCCCATTATCATCC-3′
PbETR1b	XM_009350325.2	5′-GATCCTGGAGAATCATCAGAGC-3′
PbETR1b	XM_009350325.2	5′-GCAGTTACAATGCAACCAAGC-3′
PbERS1	XM_009380469.1	5′-CGTTGCATTCATCGTCAAACTG-3′
PbERS1	XM_009380469.1	5′-TCGATGAACTTGCGCCAAATCG-3′
PbERS2	KF188466.1	5′-CGTTGCATTCATCGTCCAACTA-3′
PbERS2	KF188466.1	5′-TTCGACGAAGTTACTCCGAAAC-3′
PbEIN3	XM_009340977.2	5′-CCCGTGACATCTTCTTCCTG-3′
PbEIN3	XM_009340977.2	5′-TGACTTTCTTTCGGCTCCC-3′
PbERF	XM_009380720.2	5′-TTGAAAGAGTCCGCAAATCG-3′
PbERF	XM_009380720.2	5′-CCAAGTAATCCGTTCCCAAA-3′
PbAAT1	XM_018649523.1	5′-TGGTGCCAAGGAGATGAGAGTC-3′
PbAAT1	XM_018649523.1	5′-TTGTGGTGCTTTCCCCGTG-3′
PbADH2	KU507380.1	5′-CGGAAACTACAAGACTCGAA-3′
PbADH2	KU507380.1	5′-CGGATTATGCAACGAAGAC-3′
PbADH3	XM_009362449.1	5′-TGTGACCTCCTCAGGATAAA-3′
PbADH3	XM_009362449.1	5′-GCCAAGGGATTGATCTTAG-3′
PbADH5	XM_009379426.2	5′-CGCCGACATCAACAAAGCAT-3′
PbADH5	XM_009379426.2	5′-TGCAATACCCTCAAAATCCATGT-3′
PbHPL	XM_009348862.2	5′-CGGTGTTCCGCACAAATA-3′
PbHPL	XM_009348862.2	5′-AAGCGCAGGTCCTCAAGTC-3′
PbLOX1	XM_009378388.2	5′-TGAGCCATTTGTGATAGCGG-3′
PbLOX1	XM_009378388.2	5′-TGTGAGAACTTGTCGTGCGG-3′
PbLOX8	XM_009378384.2	5′-GCCACAAACAGGCAACTAA-3′
PbLOX8	XM_009378384.2	5′-CTCGGTGAAATTCCAATCC-3′
PbAcitin2	GU830959	5′-GGACATTCAACCCCTCGTCT-3′
PbAcitin2	GU830959	5′-ATCCTTCTGACCCATACCAACC-3′

贮藏时间（月） Storage time (Month)	硬度 Firmness (kg·cm^-2)		可溶性固形物 SSC (%)		可滴定酸 TA (%)
贮藏时间（月） Storage time (Month)	窖藏 Cellar storage	冷藏 Cold storage	窖藏 Cellar storage	冷藏 Cold storage	窖藏 Cellar storage	冷藏 Cold storage
0	6.25±0.28bc	6.25±0.28bc	12.81±0.40d	12.81±0.40d	1.32±0.03c	1.32±0.03c
1	6.81±0.05a	6.21±0.24bc	13.73±0.22abc	13.35±0.09bcd	1.50±0.02a	1.14±0.02d
2	6.49±0.13ab	6.17±0.26bc	13.15±0.31cd	13.86±0.37ab	1.38±0.01b	1.10±0.02de
3	5.75±0.25c	6.53±0.12ab	13.80±0.52abc	14.24±0.31a	1.49±0.03a	1.09±0.03f

	PbACS1	PbACO2	PbETR1	PbETR2	PbERS1	PbERS2	PbEIN3	PbERF	PbAAT1	PbADH2	PbADH3	PbADH5	PbHPL	PbLOX1	PbLOX6	PbLOX8
PbACS1	1.000
PbACO2	0.879**	1.000
PbETR1	0.091	0.106	1.000
PbETR2	0.867**	0.914**	0.100	1.000
PbERS1	0.466	0.372	0.419	0.410	1.000
PbERS2	0.779**	0.619*	0.307	0.652**	0.764**	1.000
PbEIN3	-0.077	-0.428	0.369	-0.307	0.230	0.118	1.000
PbERF	0.189	-0.027	0.212	0.056	0.796**	0.442	0.463	1.000
PbAAT1	0.097	0.442	0.251	0.301	0.389	0.118	-0.575*	0.130	1.000
PbADH2	-0.319	-0.555*	0.133	-0.513*	-0.242	-0.035	0.463	-0.186	-0.693**	1.000
PbADH3	-0.192	-0.487	-0.059	-0.389	-0.230	0.027	0.472	-0.115	-0.847**	0.923**	1.000
PbADH5	0.622*	0.319	-0.024	0.469	0.304	0.549*	0.392	0.254	-0.540*	0.233	0.395	1.000
PbHPL	0.667**	0.549*	0.431	0.558*	0.805**	0.838**	0.118	0.652**	0.245	-0.180	-0.136	0.469	1.000
PbLOX1	0.448	0.699**	-0.056	0.720**	0.398	0.319	-0.537*	0.127	0.690**	-0.870**	-0.802**	-0.053	0.369	1.000
PbLOX6	-0.419	-0.118	0.227	-0.257	0.000	-0.416	-0.330	0.012	0.720**	-0.501*	-0.681**	-0.823**	-0.165	0.336	1.000
PbLOX8	0.413	0.540*	0.215	0.457	0.743**	0.652**	-0.174	0.460	0.602*	-0.513*	-0.525*	0.044	0.684**	0.708**	0.227	1.000
r_0.05=0.514, r_0.01= 0.641

窖藏和冷藏条件下鸭梨挥发性物质及其相关基因表达分析

Comparison Analysis on Volatile Compound and Related Gene Expression in Yali Pear During Cellar and Cold Storage Condition

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