中国农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 1270-1279.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.06.016

• 畜牧·兽医·资源昆虫 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于体表温度的肉鸡温湿指数模型研究

杨语嫣(),李耀文,邢爽,张敏红,冯京海()   

  1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所/动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-17 接受日期:2021-01-11 出版日期:2021-03-16 发布日期:2021-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 冯京海
  • 作者简介:杨语嫣,E-mail:279894273@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研究发展计划(2016YFD0500509);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07);现代农业产业技术研究体系(CARS-41)

The Temperature-Humidity Index Estimated by the Changes of Surface Temperature of Broilers at Different Ages

YuYan YANG(),YaoWen LI,Shuang XING,MinHong ZHANG,JingHai FENG()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2020-01-17 Accepted:2021-01-11 Online:2021-03-16 Published:2021-03-25
  • Contact: JingHai FENG

摘要:

【目的】通过分析不同温度、湿度环境下肉鸡体表温度的变化,构建不同日龄肉鸡温湿指数(THI)模型。【方法】分别在28、35、42和49日龄时,选择30只AA肉公鸡,饲养于2个人工环境控制舱内。舱内相对温度分别设定为50%和80%,舱内温度均由18℃开始,每0.5h升高1℃,至33℃并维持0.5h。一共设定2个湿度和16个温度梯度。利用微型温度记录仪连续监测肉鸡体表温度、体核温度和环境温度,每2 min记录1次,同时每10 min检测一次环境湿度。【结果】在24—33℃的范围内,肉鸡体表温度随环境温度升高而线性升高,且受到环境湿度的影响,因此选择环境温度≥24℃后的数据进行分析。通过计算THI与肉鸡体表温度最大相关时干球和湿球温度的权重值,得到不同日龄肉鸡的THI模型,分别为THI28日龄=0.82×T干球+0.18×T湿球;THI35日龄=0.69×T干球+0.31×T湿球;THI42日龄=0.67×T干球+0.33×T湿球;THI49日龄=0.61×T干球+0.39×T湿球。根据干湿球温度的权重值计算出的THI与体表温度之间的线性相关系数达到0.96以上。经2个独立试验验证,THI计算值与体表温度仍存在较强的线性关系,线性相关系数达到0.94以上,且THI模型预测的体表温度与实际测定结果基本一致。【结论】本研究得出的THI模型与体表温度存在良好的线性关系,适用24—33℃范围内温热环境的评价;不同日龄肉鸡THI模型存在差异,随肉鸡日龄增加,湿球温度的权重逐渐增大。

关键词: 连续升温, 肉鸡, 体表温度, 温湿指数模型

Abstract:

【Objective】The present study was conducted to estimate the temperature-humidity index (THI) based on the variations of surface temperature (ST) of broilers raised at different relative humidity (RH) levels and increasing ambient temperature (AT). 【Method】At day of 28, 35, 42 and 49, thirty AA broilers were raised in two controlled climate chambers. The RH of two chambers was set at 50% and 80%, respectively, and the AT in two chambers was set at a same procedure with increasing gradually by one degree per 0.5 h from 18 ℃ to 33 ℃. The ST of broilers, as well as the AT in two chambers was recorded at 2 min intervals using mini temperature data loggers. The wet-bulb temperature of two chambers was recorded at 10 min intervals. The THI model as as follow: THI = a*Tdry-bulb + (1-a)* Twet-bulb, the ‘a’ was weighting coefficient of Tdry-bulb, which was calculated when the coefficient of correlation between THI and ST reach to the maximum. 【Result】When the AT exceeded 24 ℃, the ST of broilers increased linearly with the AT and was affected by the RH. The present study estimated the THI for broilers at different ages by using the data when AT exceeded 24 ℃. The THI models for broilers at different age were as follow: THId28=0.82Tdb+0.18Twb; THId35=0.69Tdb+0.31Twb; THId42=0.67Tdb+0.33Twb; THId49=0.61 Tdb+0.39Twb. The linear correlation coefficients between THI and ST reached more than 0.96. In two independent experiments, it was verified again that there was a linear relationship between THI and ST, and the predicted ST by THI model was basically consistent with the actual measured results. 【Conclusion】The present results indicated that THI model had a good linear relationship with ST and was suitable for the evaluation of warm environment when the AT exceeded 24℃. The THI models for broilers at different ages were different, and the weighting coefficient of wet bulb temperature in THI models were increasing with the increase of broiler age.

Key words: increasing ambient temperature, broilers chicken, surface temperature, temperature-humidity index