断奶时间对羔羊生长性能和器官发育及血清学指标的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.24.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同断奶日龄对羔羊断奶后10d的生长、营养物质消化、器官发育和血清指标的影响，筛选羔羊最佳的早期断奶日龄。【方法】选取出生日龄、体重相近的湖羊羔羊72只，分成4组。3个试验组每组16只，分别于羔羊10、20、30日龄进行断奶，饲喂代乳品（EW10组、EW20组、EW30组）；对照组24只（ER组），羔羊随母哺乳。试验组羔羊于断奶后10d内进行消化试验，并在断奶后10d时测定羔羊生长性能、器官发育情况和血清指标变化规律，并以对照组作相同处理作为对照。【结果】（1）断奶后10d时，EW10和EW30羔羊体重、日增重显著低于ER（P＜0.05），而EW20羔羊体重、日增重与ER差异不显著（P＞0.05）。EW10和EW20组断奶后10d内羔羊开食料干物质采食量显著高于ER组（P＜0.05），EW30与ER组差异不显著（P＞0.05）。（2）EW10组羔羊断奶后10d内干物质（DM）和有机物（OM）的消化率与ER差异不显著（P＞0.05），总能（GE）、氮（N）、粗脂肪（EE）、钙（Ca）和磷（P）的表观消化率显著低于ER组（P＜0.05）。EW20和EW30组羔羊断奶后10内DM、OM、GE、N、EE、Ca和P的表观消化率显著低于ER组（P＜0.05）。（3）羔羊断奶后10d时EW10组瘤胃占羔羊体重比值显著高于ER（P＜0.05），EW20和EW30组与ER组相比差异不显著，但均高于ER组。其余指标或组别均差异不显著（P＞0.05）。（4）早期断奶羔羊各血清指标在断奶当天与对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05）。EW10和EW30组羔羊断奶后10d血清中TP和ALB含量显著低于ER（P＜0.05），EW10羔羊于断奶后10d血清中TNF-α显著高于ER（P＜0.05），EW10和EW30羔羊断奶后10d血清中CORT显著高于ER（P＜0.05）。【结论】羔羊20日龄断奶后10d应激较小，此日龄断奶效果较佳。

关键词: 羔羊, 早期断奶日龄, 代乳品, 表观消化率, 器官发育, 血清指标

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effects of weaning time on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, organ development and serum parameters in Hu sheep lambs for confirming best weaning age, seventy-two lambs of Hu sheep were divided into four groups with similar birthday and birth weight with 16 lambs in each experimental group and 24 lambs in the control group（ER group. 【Method】The lambs in experimental groups were weaned at 10, 20 or 30 days of age (EW10, EW20, EW30 groups) by feeding milk replacer, and the lambs in control group were ewe-reared. The digestion trial was carried out within 10 days after the weaning day, and the growth performance, organs development, serum parameters were determined on 10th day after weaning day. At the same time, lambs in ER group were disposed uniformly. 【Result】 The statistical findings were as follows: (1) body weight and average daily gain in EW10 and EW30 but not EW20 were significantly lower than that in ER (P＜0.05; (2) the starter dry matter intake in EW10 and EW20 but not EW30 were significantly higher than that in ER (P＜0.05; (3) during the 10 days after weaning, nutrient digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) in EW10 group showed no significant difference with ER group (P＞0.05), whereas nutrient digestibility of nitrogen (N), gross energy (GE), ether extract (EE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in EW10 group was lower than that in ER group (P＜0.05); (4) in addition, the nutrient digestibility included DM, OM, N, GE, EE, Ca and P in EW20 and EW30 groups were significantly lower than ER (P＜0.05); (5) the ratio of organs to body weight between groups showed no significant differences except in the ratio of rumen weight to body weight between EW10 and ER (P＜0.05); (6) serum parameters showed no significant difference at day of weaning (P＞0.05). However, on the 10th day post-weaning, EW10 and EW30 had a significantly lower TP and ALB and a higher CORT than ER (P＜0.05), and (7) the TNF-α in EW10 were higher than ER. 【Conclusion】 Weaning at 20 days of age showed minimum weaning stress according to the performance of weaned lambs.

Key words: lambs, early-weaning ages, milk replacer, apparent digestibility, organs development, serological parameters

柴建民，王海超，刁其玉，祁敏丽，郭峰，王海超*，张乃锋. 断奶时间对羔羊生长性能和器官发育及血清学指标的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(24): 4979-4988.

CHAI Jian-min, WANG Hai-chao, DIAO Qi-yu, QI Min-li, GUO Feng, WANG Hai-chao*, ZHANG Nai-feng. Effects of Weaning Stress on Growth Performance, Organ Development and Serological Parameters in Lambs[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(24): 4979-4988.

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