啤酒污泥堆肥不同施用方式对苹果苗生长和生理特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.18.013

中国农业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (18): 3842-3849.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.18.013

啤酒污泥堆肥不同施用方式对苹果苗生长和生理特性的影响

仝少伟1, 时连辉12, 刘登民1, 姜远茂23, 束怀瑞23, 胡雨彤1, 魏美艳1

1.山东农业大学资源与环境学院/土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室，山东泰安 271018
2.国家苹果工程技术研究中心，山东泰安 271018
3.山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院，山东泰安 271018

收稿日期:2013-06-24 出版日期:2013-09-15 发布日期:2013-07-08
通讯作者: 通信作者时连辉，E-mail：shilh@sdau.edu.cn；并列通信作者刘登民，E-mail：liudm666@126.com
作者简介:仝少伟，E-mail：tay284@163.com
基金资助:
国家苹果产业技术体系专项（CARS-28）、“十二五”国家“948”计划重点项目（2011-G30）、科技部成果转化项目（2012GB2C600248）、山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目（BS2010NY019）、泰安市科技发展计划（20123064）

Effects of Beer Sludge Compost on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Apple Seedlings with Different Application Methods

TONG Shao-Wei-1, SHI Lian-Hui-12, LIU Deng-Min-1, JIANG Yuan-Mao-23, SHU Huai-Rui-23, HU Yu-Tong-1, WEI Mei-Yan-1

1.College of Resource and Environment，Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer，Taian 271018, Shandong
2. National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology，Taian 271018, Shandong
3.College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University，Taian 271018, Shandong

Received:2013-06-24 Online:2013-09-15 Published:2013-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究啤酒污泥堆肥在苹果上的最佳施用方式及其增产机理。【方法】采用盆栽试验方法，探讨啤酒污泥堆肥与土壤混合(H)、堆肥覆盖土壤表面 (F)、混合+覆盖(HF)3种施用方式对苹果苗生长、叶片生理特性以及根系形态的影响。【结果】啤酒污泥堆肥不同施用方式均能显著促进苹果苗的生长，H与HF处理在提高苹果苗干径、苗枝径、单叶片叶面积和单株叶面积方面效果更显著；不同施用方式下叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量、Pn均显著提高，叶绿素a/b和蒸腾速率均显著降低；啤酒污泥堆肥可增强叶片抗氧化酶活性并减少对叶片伤害，H和HF处理表现效果好于F处理；H、F和HF处理的根长、根表面积、根体积、根鲜重和根数量显著高于CK，啤酒污泥堆肥对苹果苗根有诱导和促进生长作用，以H和HF处理效果较好；H、F和HF处理的根系活力分别比CK增加了53.68%、40.50%、77.72%。【结论】在本试验条件下，啤酒污泥堆肥3种不同施用方式都能够促进苹果苗生长，改善叶片和根的各项生理指标。整体来看，HF处理综合了H、F处理的优点，是啤酒污泥堆肥较有效的施用方式。

关键词: 啤酒污泥堆肥 , 苹果 , 生长 , 生理特性 , 根系形态

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this experiment was to research the best application pattern of beer sludge compost on apple trees and yield-increasing mechanism. 【Method】 The effects of beer sludge compost treated with three application methods including blending(H), mulching (F), blending and mulching (HF) on the growth of apple trees, leaf physiological characteristics and the root morphology. 【Result】The test results were as follows: The beer sludge compost with different application methods could significantly promote apple seedlings growth. H, HF treatments could significantly enhance dry stem diameter, branch diameter, leaf area per leaf, and leaf area per plant. Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, carotenoid content and Pn were significantly enhanced, chlorophyll a/b and transpiration rate were significantly reduced compared with CK. Beer sludge compost could enhance leaf antioxidant enzyme activities and reduce harm, H and HF treatments were better than F. Root length, root surface area, root volume, root fresh weight, and root number were significantly higher than CK with H, F, HF treatments. Apple seedlings roots growth could be induced and promoted with beer sludge compost, and H and HF treatments were better. The root vigor of H, F, and HF were, respectively, increased by 53.68%, 40.50%, and 77.72% compared with CK. 【Conclusion】The beer sludge compost was applied with three different methods could promote the growth of apple trees, and improve the physiological indexes of leaf and root. In the whole, HF treatment integrated the advantages of H and F treatments, and it was the most effective application method.

Key words: beer sludge compost , apple , growth , physiological characteristics , root morphology

仝少伟1, 时连辉12, 刘登民1, 姜远茂23, 束怀瑞23, 胡雨彤1, 魏美艳1. 啤酒污泥堆肥不同施用方式对苹果苗生长和生理特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(18): 3842-3849.

TONG Shao-Wei-1, SHI Lian-Hui-12, LIU Deng-Min-1, JIANG Yuan-Mao-23, SHU Huai-Rui-23, HU Yu-Tong-1, WEI Mei-Yan-1. Effects of Beer Sludge Compost on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Apple Seedlings with Different Application Methods[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(18): 3842-3849.

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啤酒污泥堆肥不同施用方式对苹果苗生长和生理特性的影响

Effects of Beer Sludge Compost on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Apple Seedlings with Different Application Methods

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