具有优良农艺性状的小麦种质资源高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.15.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】筛选具有多个优异性状的种质资源，为广泛有效地利用这些新种质提供有用信息。【方法】以通过农艺性状综合评价筛选来的403份来自近期国家重点科技攻关获得的优良种质为材料，采用SDS-PAGE方法分析其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS）组成。【结果】供试材料在编码HMW-GS位点上具有较大的变异，共检测到了30个等位变异，形成64种HMW-GS组合形式。同时，在供试材料中不仅出现了“7*+9”、“2+12.2*”和“1.5*+10”等在现代小麦育种材料中的稀有亚基，而且出现了“1+2*”、“7+8+9”、“6+7+8+9”和“2+5+12”等特殊的亚基组合形式。其中有24.32%（98份）材料在Glu-1的位点具有2个优质亚基，有9.93%（40份）材料在Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1 3个位点均携带有小麦加工品质所需优质亚基。【结论】403份具有优良农艺性状的小麦种质资源在编码HMW-GS的3个基因位点上表现出丰富的多态性，共有30种HMW-GS等位变异，64种亚基组合形式；其中40份材料在Glu-1的3个位点均携带小麦加工品质所需优质亚基，值得进一步研究和利用。

关键词: 普通小麦, 农艺性状, 高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基, 优异种质

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this research was to screen wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm with many excellent properties and provide useful inforrnation for the effective use. 【Method】High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) compositions of 403 superior germplasm recently developed or introduced in China with desirable agronomic traits were detected using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 【Result】The results indicated that a high level of variations in HMW-GS encoded by Glu-1 locus were observed. Thirty allele variations with 64 kinds of glutenin patterns were found. Meanwhile, there were not only rare subunits “7*+9”, “2+12.2*”, “1.5*+10”, etc., but also special form of subunit combinations in modern wheat breeding materials “1+2*”, “7+8+9”, “6+7+8+9”, “2+5+12”, etc., were showed. The percentage of materials with two elite subunits was 24.32% (98 varieties). The percentage of germplasm with desirable subunits to wheat processing quality in all three locus (Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1) was 9.93% (40 varieties). 【Conclusion】Thirty allele variations with 64 kinds of glutenin patterns in HMW-GS encoded by Glu-1 locus of the 403 superior germplasms were detected. Forty germplasms bring desirable subunits to wheat processing quality in all three locus (Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1) were sought out. The newly developed germplasm with desirable agronomical traits and HMW-GS for good quality would be used for the improvement of wheat quality breeding.

Key words: common wheat, agronomic trait, HMW-GS, superior germplasm

闫媛媛, 郭晓敏, 刘伟华, 高爱农, 李秀全, 杨欣明, 车永和, 李立会. 具有优良农艺性状的小麦种质资源高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(15): 3203-3212.

YAN Yuan-Yuan, GUO Xiao-Min, LIU Wei-Hua, GAO Ai-Nong, LI Xiu-Quan, YANG Xin-Ming, CHE Yong-He, LI Li-Hui. High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit Composition of Chinese Wheat Germplasm with Desirable Agronomic Traits[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(15): 3203-3212.

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