|
|
|
|
|
| Soil Microbial Community Composition During Natural Recovery in the Loess Plateau, China |
| XIAO Lie, LIU Guo-bin, XUE Sha,ZHANG Chao |
1 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R.China
2 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resource, Yangling 712100, P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 This study aimed to determine the characteristics of soil microbial community composition and its relationship with soil chemical properties during natural recovery in the Loess Plateau. The soil microbial community composition was analyzed by comparing the soil microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) of eight croplands abandoned for 1, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15, 20, and 30 yr in the Dunshan watershed, northern Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil microbial biomass carbon, and soil microbial biomass nitrogen significantly increased with the abandonment duration, whereas the metabolic quotient significantly decreased. The Shannon richness and Shannon evenness of PLFAs significantly increased after 10 yr of abandonment. Gram-negative, Gram-positive, bacterial, fungal, and total PLFAs linearly increased with increased abandonment duration. Redundancy analysis showed that the abandonment duration was the most important environmental factor in determining the PLFA microbial community composition. The soil microbial PLFAs changed from anteiso- to iso-, unsaturated to saturated, and short- to long-chain during natural recovery. Therefore, in the Loess Plateau, cropland abandonment for natural recovery resulted in the increase of the soil microbial PLFA biomass and microbial PLFA species and changed the microbial from chemolithotrophic to a more heterotrophic community.
Abstract This study aimed to determine the characteristics of soil microbial community composition and its relationship with soil chemical properties during natural recovery in the Loess Plateau. The soil microbial community composition was analyzed by comparing the soil microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) of eight croplands abandoned for 1, 3, 5, 10, 13, 15, 20, and 30 yr in the Dunshan watershed, northern Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil microbial biomass carbon, and soil microbial biomass nitrogen significantly increased with the abandonment duration, whereas the metabolic quotient significantly decreased. The Shannon richness and Shannon evenness of PLFAs significantly increased after 10 yr of abandonment. Gram-negative, Gram-positive, bacterial, fungal, and total PLFAs linearly increased with increased abandonment duration. Redundancy analysis showed that the abandonment duration was the most important environmental factor in determining the PLFA microbial community composition. The soil microbial PLFAs changed from anteiso- to iso-, unsaturated to saturated, and short- to long-chain during natural recovery. Therefore, in the Loess Plateau, cropland abandonment for natural recovery resulted in the increase of the soil microbial PLFA biomass and microbial PLFA species and changed the microbial from chemolithotrophic to a more heterotrophic community.
|
|
Received: 25 October 2012
Accepted:
|
| Fund: This work was funded by the Strategic Technology Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA05060300), and the Science and Technology Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province, China (2011KJXX63). |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence LIU Guo-bin, Tel: +86-29-87012907, E-mail: gbliu@ms.iswc.ac.cn
E-mail: gbliu@ms.iswc.ac.cn
|
| About author: XIAO Lie, Mobile: 13474296757, E-mail: xiaosha525@163.com |
Cite this article:
XIAO Lie, LIU Guo-bin, XUE Sha,ZHANG Chao.
2013.
Soil Microbial Community Composition During Natural Recovery in the Loess Plateau, China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(10): 1872-1883.
|
| [1]Ahn C, Peralta R M. 2009. Soil bacterial community structure and physiochemical properties in mitigation wetlands created in the Piedmont region of Virginia (USA). Ecological Engineering, 35, 1036-1042. [2]An S S, Huang Y M, Zheng F L. 2009. Evaluation of soil microbial indices along a revegetation chronosequence in grassland soils on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China. Applied Soil Ecology, 41, 286-292. [3]Anderson T, Domsch K. 1993. The metabolic quotient for CO2 (qCO2) as a specific activity parameter to access the effects of environmental conditions, such as pH, on the microbial biomass of forest soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25, 393-395. [4]Arunachalam A, Pandey H N. 2003. Ecosystem restoration of jhum fallows in northeast India: Microbial C and N along altitudinal and successional gradients. Restoration Ecology, 11, 168-173. [5]Bach E M, Baer S G, Meyer C K, Six J. 2010. Soil texture affects soil microbial and structural recovery during grassland restoration. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42, 2182-2191. [6]Baldrian P, Trögl J, Frouz J, Šnajdr J, Valášková V, Merhautová V, Cajthaml T, Herinková J. 2008. Enzyme activities and microbial biomass in topsoil layer during spontaneous succession in spoil heaps after brown coal mining. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 40, 2107-2115. [7]Bligh E G, Dyer W J. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 37, 911-917. [8]Bradshaw A D. 1984. Ecological principles and land reclamation practice. Landscape Planning, 11, 35-48. [9]Calderón, F J, Jackson L E, Scow K M, Rolston D E. 2000. Microbial responses to simulated tillage in cultivated and uncultivated soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32, 1547-1559. [10]Card S M, Quideau S A. 2010. Microbial community structure in restored riparian soils of the Canadian prairie pothole region. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42, 1463- 1471. [11]DeGrood S H, Claassen V P, Scow K M. 2005. Microbial community composition on native and drastically disturbed serpentine s o i l s . Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37, 1427-1435. [12]Eaton J M, McGoff N M, Byme K A, Leahy P, Kiely G. 2008. Land cover change and soil organic carbon stocks in the Republic of Ireland 1851-2000. Climate Change, 91, 317-334. [13]Fierer N, Schimel J P, Holden P A. 2003. Variations in microbial community composition through two soil depth profiles. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 35, 167- 176. [14]Frostegård A, Tunlid A, Bååth E. 1993. Phospholipid fatty acid composition biomass, and activity of microbial communities from two soil types experimentally exposed to different heavy metals. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 59, 3605-3617. [15]Fu X L, Shao M A, Wei X R, Horton R. 2010. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen as affected by vegetation types in Northern Loess Plateau of China. Geoderma, 155, 31- 35. [16]Grayston S J, Vaughan D, Jones D. 1997. Rhizosphere carbon flow in trees, in comparison with annual plants: the importance of root exudation and its impact on microbial activity and nutrient availability. Applied Soil Ecology, 5, 29-56. [17]Gutknecht J L M, Goodman R M, Balsar T C. 2006. Linking soil process and microbial ecology in freshwater wetland ecosystems. Plant and Soil, 289, 17-34. [18]Harris J A. 2003. Measurements of the soil microbial community for estimating the success of restoration. European Journal of Soil Science, 54, 801-808. [19]Harris J. 2009. Soil microbial communities and restoration ecology: facilitators or followers? Science, 325, 573- 574. [20]Helgason T, Daniell T J, Husband R, Fitter A H, Young J P W. 1998. Ploughing up the wood-wide web? Nature, 394, 431-431. [21]Hou F J, Xiao J Y, Nan Z B. 2002. Eco-restoration of abandoned farmland in the loess plateau. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 13, 923-929. (in Chinese) [22]Insam H. 1990. Are the soil microbial biomass and basal respiration governed by the climatic regime? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 22, 525-532. [23]Jia X X, Wei X R, Shao M A, Li X Z. 2012. Distribution of soil carbon and nitrogen along a revegetational succession on the Loess Plateau of China. Catena, 95, 160-168. [24]Jiang J P, Xiong Y C, Jiang H M, Ye D Y, Song Y J, Li F M. 2009. Soil microbial activity during secondary vegetation succession in semiarid abandoned lands of Loess Plateau. Pedosphere, 19, 735-747. [25]Jiao F, Wen Z M, Shao M A. 2011. Changes in soil properties across a chronosequence of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau of China. Catena, 86, 110-116. [26]Langer U, Rinklebe J. 2011. Priming effect after glucose amendment in two different soils evaluated by SIR- and PLFA-technique. Ecological Engineering, 37, 465-473. [27]Li Y Y, Shao M A. 2006. Change of soil physical properties under long-term natural vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau of China. Journal of Arid Environments, 64, 77-96. [28]Liang J, Wang X A, Yu Z D, Dong Z M, Wang J C. 2010. Effects of vegetation succession on soil fertility within farming-plantation ecotone in Ziwuling mountains of the Loess Plateau in China. Agricultural Sciences in China, 9, 1481-1491. [29]Mariotte C A, Hudson G, Hamilton D, Neilson R, Boag B, Handley L L, Wishart J, Scrimgeour C M, Robinson D. 1997. Spatial variability of soil total C and N and their stable isotopes in an upland Scottish grassland. Plant and Soil, 196, 151-162. [30]Maire N, Borcard D, Laczkó E, Matthey W. 1999. Organic matter cycling in grassland soils of the Swiss Jura mountains: biodiversity and strategies of the living communities. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31, 1281- 1293. [31]McKinley V L, Peacock A D, White D C. 2005. Microbial community PLFA and PHB responses to ecosystem restoration in tallgrass prairie soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37, 1946-1958. [32]Merilä P, Strömmer R, Fritze H. 2002. Soil microbial activity and community structure along a primary succession transect on the land-uplift coast in western Finland. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34, 1647-1654. [33]Merilä P, Malmivaara-Lämsä M, Spetz P, Stark S, Vierikko K, Derome J, Fritze H. 2010. Soil organic matter quality as a link between microbial community structure and vegetation composition along a successional gradient in a boreal forest. Applied Soil Ecology, 46, 259-267. [34]Moore J, Macalady J L, Schulz M S, White A F, Brantley S L. 2010. Shifting microbial community structure across a marine terrace grassland chronosequence, Santa Cruz, California. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42, 21-31. [35]Mummey D L, Stahl P D, Buyer J S. 2002. Microbial biomarkers as an indicator of ecosystem recovery following surface mine reclamation. Applied Soil Ecology, 21, 251-259. [36]Nohrstedt H. 1985. Biological activity in soil from forest stands in central Sweden, as related to site properties. Microbial Ecology, 11, 259-266. [37]Odum E P. 1969. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science, 164, 262-270. [38]Peacock A D, Macnaughton S J, Cantu J M, Dale V H, White D C. 2001. Soil microbial biomass and community composition along an anthropogenic disturbance gradient within a long-leaf pine habitat. Ecological Indicators, 1, 113-121. [39]Potthoff M, Steenwerth K L, Jackson L E, Drenovsky R E, Scow K M, Joergensen R G. 2006. Soil microbial community composition as affected by restoration practices in California grassland. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38, 1851-1860. [40]Ratledge C, Wilkinson S G. 1988. Fatty acids related and derived lipids. In: Ratledge C, Wilkinson S G, eds., Microbial Lipids. Academic Press, San Diego. pp. 23- 53. [41]Rousk J, Brookes P C, Baath E. 2010. The microbial PLFA composition as affected by pH in an arable soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42, 516-520. [42]Shannon C E. 1948. A mathematical theory of communication. The Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379-423. [43]Strickland M S, Rousk J. 2010. Considering fungal:bacterial dominance in soils - Methods controls, and ecosystem implications. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42, 1385- 1395. [44]Tscherko D, hammesfahr U, Marx M C, Kandeler E. 2004. Shifts in rhizophere microbial communities and enzyme activity of Poa alpine across alpine chronosequence. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36, 1685-1698. [45]Vestal J R, White D C. 1989. Lipid analysis in microbial ecology: quantitative approaches to the study of microbial communities. BioScience, 39, 535-541. [46]Vries F T, Bloem J, Eekeren N V, Brusaard L, Hoffland E. 2007. Fungal biomass in pastures increases with age and reduced N input. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39, 1620-1630. [47]Wang B, Liu G B, Xue S, Zhu B B. 2011. Changes in soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties during natural succession on abandoned farmland in the Loess Plateau. Environmental Earth Sciences, 62, 915-925. [48]Wardle D A. 1995. Impacts of disturbance on detritus food webs in agroecosystems of contrasting tillage and weed management practices. Advances in Ecological Research, 26, 105-185. [49]Wardle D A, Ghani A. 1995. A critique of the microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2) as a bioindicator of disturbance and ecosystem development. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27, 1601-1610. [50]Wei J, Zhou J, Tian J L, He X B, Tang K L. 2006. Decoupling soil erosion and human activities on the Chinese Loess Plateau in the 20th century. Catena, 68, 10-15. [51]Welc M, Bünemann E K, Fließbach A, Frossard E, Jansa J. 2012. Soil bacterial and fungal communities along a soil chronosequence assessed by fatty acid profiling. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 49, 184-192. [52]White D C, Davis W M, Nickels J S, King J D, Bobbie R J. 1979. Determination of the sedimentary microbial biomass by extractable lipid phosphate. Oecologia, 40, 51-62. [53]Zaady E, Ben-David E A, Sher Y, Tzirkin R, Nejidat A. 2010. Inferring biological soil crust successional stage using combined PLFA, DGGE, physical and biophysiological analyses. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42, 842-849. [54]Zelles L. 1997. Phospholipid fatty acid profiles in selected members of soil microbial communities. Chemosphere, 35, 275-294. [55]Zhang C, Liu G B, Xue S, Song Z L. 2011. A comparison of soil qualities of different revegetation types in the Loess Plateau, China. Plant and Soil, 347, 163-178. [56]Zhang C, Liu G B, Xue S, Zhang C S. 2012. Rhizosphere soil microbial properties on abandoned croplands in the Loess Plateau, China during vegetation succession. European Journal of Soil Biology, 50, 127-136. [57]Zhou J, Guo W H, Wang R Q, Han X M, Wang Q. 2008. Microbial community diversity in the profile of an agricultural soil in the northern China. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 20, 981-988. [58]Zornoza R, Guerrero C, Mataix-Solera J, Scow K M, Arcenegui V, Mataix-Beneyto J. 2009. Changes in soil microbial community structure following the abandonment of agriculture terraces in mountainous areas of Eastern Spain. Applied Soil Ecology, 42, 315- 323. [59]Zhu H H, He X Y, Wang K L, Su Y R, Wu J S. 2012. Interactions of vegetation succession, soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities in a Karst ecosystem. European Journal of Soil Biology, 51, 1-7. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
