Untargeted lipidomic analysis of milled rice under different alternate wetting and soil drying irrigation regimes

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.04.005

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2025, Vol. 24

Issue (9): 3351-3367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.04.005

Crop Science

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Untargeted lipidomic analysis of milled rice under different alternate wetting and soil drying irrigation regimes

Yunji Xu^{1, 2, 3}, Xuelian Weng^{1,
2, 3}, Shupeng Tang¹, Weiyang Zhang², Kuanyu Zhu², Guanglong Zhu^{1, 2, 3}, Hao Zhang², Zhiqin Wang², Jianchang Yang^{1, 2#}

¹Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

²Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

³Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Highlights
● The 55 lipid subclasses consisting of 1,086 lipid molecular species were identified in milled rice.
● Lipidome changes in milled rice were closely associated with rice cooking and eating quality.
● The 10 lipid molecular species altered by the alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation (AWMD) and alternate wetting and severe soil drying irrigation (AWSD) regimes were preferentially used for investigating their relationship with rice grain quality.

Abstract
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摘要

干湿交替灌溉技术（AWD）对稻米品质形成具有重要影响。脂质作为水稻籽粒中除淀粉和蛋白质以外的第三大丰富的物质成分，与籽粒品质形成密切相关。但是，不同AWD模式下稻米脂质谱的变化特点仍不清楚。本研究设置了常规灌溉（CI）、轻-干湿交替灌溉（AWMD）和重干-湿交替灌溉（AWSD）3种灌溉处理，采用非靶向脂质组学分析方法研究了扬稻6号（YD6）精米中脂质组的变化特点，并分析了稻米的蒸煮食味品质。结果显示，YD6精米中具有7种脂类、55种脂质亚类，共包含1086个脂质分子。与CI处理相比，AWMD处理主要改变了精米中TG、Cer、DG、BisMePA、PC、PE、MGDG和DGDG等脂质亚类，提高了稻米的蒸煮食味品质，而AWSD处理显著改变了TG、Cer、DG、PC、PE、Hex1Cer、DGDG和BisMePA等脂质亚类，并降低了稻米的蒸煮食味品质。研究进一步发现，AWMD处理对DGDG(18:0_18:2)、DGDG(16:0_14:0)、PC(33:1)、Cer(t17:0_26:0)和Cer(t17:0_16:0)等脂质分子表达的影响最为显著，而AWSD处理对TG(6:0_14:0_18:3)、PC(41:1)、TG(19:1_18:4_18:4)、Hex1Cer(d18:2_24:0+O)和Hex1Cer(d18:2_24:1)等脂质分子表达的影响最为明显。综上，由AWMD和AWSD处理引起改变的上述10种脂质分子可优先作为脂质与稻米品质关系研究的候选脂质。

Abstract

Alternate wetting and soil drying irrigation (AWD) technique is crucial in influencing grain quality in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Lipids are the third most abundant constituents in rice grains, after starch and proteins, and are closely related to grain quality. However, it remains unclear about the changes in lipids profiling under different AWD regimes. This study set up three irrigation regimes including conventional irrigation (CI), alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation (AWMD), and alternate wetting and severe soil drying irrigation (AWSD). It explored lipidome changes in milled rice of Yangdao 6 (YD6) using the untargeted lipidomics approach and analyzed rice cooking and eating quality. The results identified seven lipid classes, 55 lipid subclasses, and 1,086 lipid molecular species. Compared with the CI regime, the AWMD regime mainly altered lipid subclasses consisting of triglyceride (TG), ceramide (Cer), diglyceride (DG), bis-methyl lysophosphatidic acid (BisMePA), phosphocholine (PC), phosphoethanolamine (PE), monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), and digalactosyl diglyceride (DGDG) in milled rice and improved cooking and eating quality of rice; in contrast, the AWSD regime distinctly changed lipid subclasses like TG, Cer, DG, PC, PE, hexosylceramide (Hex1Cer), DGDG, and BisMePA and degraded cooking and eating quality of rice. Specifically, AWMD most significantly altered the expressions of lipid molecules, including DGDG(18:0_18:2), DGDG(16:0_14:0), PC(33:1), Cer(t17:0_26:0), and Cer(t17:0_16:0); AWSD most obviously influenced the expressions of TG(6:0_14:0_18:3), PC(41:1), TG(19:1_18:4_18:4), Hex1Cer(d18:2_24:0+O), and Hex1Cer(d18:2_24:1). These 10 altered lipid molecules in milled rice can be preferentially used for investigating their relationships with grain quality in rice.

Keywords: rice (Oryza sativa L.) untargeted lipidomics analysis alternate wetting and soil drying irrigation milled rice cooking and eating quality

Received: 23 October 2023 Online: 10 April 2024 Accepted: 14 March 2024

Fund: This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20241931 and BK20221371), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071943 and 32372214), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2300304).

About author: #Correspondence Jianchang Yang, Tel/Fax: +86-514-87979317, E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn

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