Transcriptome analysis reveals the effects of alkali stress on root system architecture and endogenous hormones in apple rootstocks

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62706-1

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

2019, Vol. 18

Issue (10): 2264-2271 DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62706-1

Horticulture

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Transcriptome analysis reveals the effects of alkali stress on root system architecture and endogenous hormones in apple rootstocks

LIU Xuan*, LIANG Wei*, LI Yu-xing, LI Ming-jun, MA Bai-quan, LIU Chang-hai, MA Feng-wang, LI Cui-ying

State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest
A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R.China

Abstract

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Abstract Soil alkalinity is a major factor that restricts the growth of apple roots. To analyze the response of apple roots to alkali stress, the root structure and endogenous hormones of two apple rootstocks, Malus prunifolia (alkali-tolerant) and Malus hupehensis (alkali-sensitive), were compared. To understand alkali tolerance of M. prunifolia at the molecular level, transcriptome analysis was performed. When plants were cultured in alkaline conditions for 15 d, the root growth of M. hupehensis with weak alkali tolerance decreased significantly. Analysis of endogenous hormone levels showed that the concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in M. hupehensis under alkali stress were lower than those in the control. However, the trend for IAA and ZR in M. prunifolia was the opposite. The concentration of abscisic acid (ABA) in the roots of the two apple rootstocks under alkali stress increased, but the concentration of ABA in the roots of M. prunifolia was higher than that in M. hupehensis. The expression of IAA-related genes ARF5, GH3.6, SAUR36, and SAUR32 and the Cytokinin (CTK)-related gene IPT5 in M. prunifolia was higher than those in the control, but the expression of these genes in M. hupehensis was lower than those in the control. The expression of ABA-related genes CIPK1 and AHK1 increased in the two apple rootstocks under alkali stress, but the expression of CIPK1 and AHK1 in M. prunifolia was higher than in M. hupehensis. These results demonstrated that under alkali stress, the increase of IAA, ZR, and ABA in roots and the increase of the expression of related genes promoted the growth of roots and improved the alkali tolerance of apple rootstocks.

Keywords: alkali stress apple rootstock endogenous hormone root architecture transcriptome analysis

Received: 28 November 2018 Accepted:

Fund: This study was supported by the earmarked fund for the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-27).

Corresponding Authors: Correspondence LI Cui-ying, E-mail: lcy1262@nwafu.edu.cn

About author: * These authors contributed equally to this study.

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	LIU Xuan
	LIANG Wei
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	LI Ming-jun
	MA Bai-quan
	LIU Chang-hai
	MA Feng-wang
	LI Cui-ying

Cite this article:

LIU Xuan, LIANG Wei, LI Yu-xing, LI Ming-jun, MA Bai-quan, LIU Chang-hai, MA Feng-wang, LI Cui-ying. 2019. Transcriptome analysis reveals the effects of alkali stress on root system architecture and endogenous hormones in apple rootstocks. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(10): 2264-2271.

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