Please wait a minute...
Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2020, Vol. 19 Issue (1): 204-210    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62637-7
Special Issue: 昆虫合辑Plant Protection—Entomolgy 昆虫生防和生态合辑Insect Biocontrol and Ecology
Plant Protection Advanced Online Publication | Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Effects of Paranosema locustae (Microsporidia) on the development and morphological phase transformation of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) through modulation of the neurotransmitter taurine
LI Ao-mei, YIN Yue, ZHANG Yu-xin, ZHANG Liu, ZHANG Kai-qi, SHEN Jie, TAN Shu-qian, SHI Wang-peng
Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R.China
Download:  PDF in ScienceDirect  
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
Abstract  
Neurotransmitters are important in the maintenance of phase transformation of Locusta migratoria (Arthropoda: Orthoptera).  Here, the effects of the entomopathogen Paranosema locustae on the neurotransmitter taurine in migratory locusts were studied using biochemical methods.  After inoculation with P. locustae, the taurine content of infected locusts significantly declined, but F/C values (ratio between the length of hind femur and the width of the head of locust) increased significantly, compared to healthy locusts.  Meanwhile, F/C values of infected locusts that were injected with 2 µg of taurine showed no significant differences from those of healthy locusts, demonstrating that supplemental taurine inhibited the changes in morphological phase caused by P. locustaeParanosema locustae infection also caused longer developmental durations and lower body weights of locusts, but these changes were unaffected after injection with taurine.  These results provided new insights into the mechanisms by which microsporidian parasites affected their locust hosts.
Keywords:  Locusta migratoria        Paranosema locustae        neurotransmitter        taurine        morphological characteristics  
Received: 12 November 2018   Accepted:
Fund: This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772221), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0201200) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (2017M611056).
Corresponding Authors:  Correspondence SHI Wang-peng, E-mail: wpshi@cau.edu.cn   
About author:  LI Ao-mei, E-mail: liaomei1995@sina.com;

Cite this article: 

LI Ao-mei, YIN Yue, ZHANG Yu-xin, ZHANG Liu, ZHANG Kai-qi, SHEN Jie, TAN Shu-qian, SHI Wang-peng. 2020. Effects of Paranosema locustae (Microsporidia) on the development and morphological phase transformation of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) through modulation of the neurotransmitter taurine. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(1): 204-210.

Arrese E L, Soulages J L. 2010. Insect fat body: Energy, metabolism, and regulation. Annual Review of Entomology, 55, 207–225.
Canning E U. 1953. A new microsporidian, Nosema locustae
n. sp. from the fat body of the African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria migratorioides. Parasitology, 43, 287–290.
Canning E U. 1962a. The life cycle of Nosema locustae Canning in Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R&F) and its infectivity to other host. Journa of Insect Pathology, 4, 37–247.
Canning E U. 1962b. The pathogenicity of Nosema locustae Canning. Journa of Insect Pathology, 4, 248–256.
Chapuis M P, Loiseau A, Michalakis Y, Lecoq M, Franc A, Estoup A. 2010. Outbreaks, gene flow and effective population size in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria: A regional-scale comparative survey. Molecular Ecology, 18, 792–800.
Corradi N, Keeling P J. 2009. Microsporidia: A journey through radical taxonomical revisions. Fungal Biology Reviews, 23, 1–8.
Foos T M, Wu J Y. 2002. The role of taurine in the central nervous system and the modulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. Neurochemical Resarch, 27, 21–26.
Fu X J, Hunter D M, Shi W P. 2010. Effect of Paranosema (Nosema) locustae (Microsporidia) on morphological phase transformation of Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Biocontrol Science & Technology, 20, 683–693.
Henry J E. 1971. Experimental application of Nosema locustae for control of grasshoppers. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 18, 389–394.
Henry J E, Oma E A. 1981. Pest control by Nosema locustae, a pathogen of grasshoppers and crickets. In: Burges D, ed., Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases 1970–1980. Academic Press, New York. pp. 573–585.
Hu B Z. 2014. Molt disruption and mortality of Locusta migratoria var. manilensis (Meyen) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) caused by insect growth regulators. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11, 3882–3887.
Hunterjones P. 1958. Laboratory studies on the inheritance of phase characters in locust. Anti-Locust Bulletin, 27, 1–32.
Kuriyama K. 1980. Taurine as a neuromodulator. Federation Proceedings, 39, 2680–2684.
Lange C E, Sanchez N E, Wittenstein E. 2000. Effect of the pathogen Nosema locustae (Protozoa: Microspora) on mortality and development of nymphs of the South American locust, Schistocerca cancellata (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 9, 77–80.
Lockwood J A, Bomar C R, Ewen A B. 1999. The history of biological control with Nosema locustae: Lessons for locust management. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 19, 333–350.
Maeno K, Tanaka S. 2011. Phase-specific responses to different qualities of food in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria: Developmental, morphological and reproductive characteristics. Journal of Insect Physiology, 57, 514–520.
Raina S K, Das S, Rai M M, Khurad A M. 1995. Transovarial transmission of Nosema locustae (Microsporida: Nosematidae) in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria migratorioides. Parasitology Research, 18, 38–44.
Rogers S M, Matheson T, Sasaki K, Kendrick K, Simpson S J, Burrows M. 2004. Substantial changes in central nervous system neurotransmitters and neuromodulators accompany phase change in the locust. Journal of Experimental Biology, 207, 3603–3617.
Schäfer S, Bicker G, OttersenO P, Storm-Mathisen J. 1988. Taurine-like immune-reactivity in the brain of the honeybee. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 268, 60–70.
Shi W, Guo Y, Xu C, Tan S, Miao J, Feng Y, Zhao H, St Leger R J, Fang W. 2014. Unveiling the mechanism by which microsporidian parasites prevent locust swarm behavior. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111, 1343–1348.
Shi W P, Pgn N. 2010. Disruption of aggregation behavior of oriental migratory locusts (Locusta migratoria manilensis) infected with Nosema locustae. Journal of Applied Entomology, 128, 414–418.
Simpson S J, Pener M P. 2009. Locust phase polyphenism: An update. Advances in Insect Physiology, 36, 1–272.
Solter L F, Becnel J J, Oi D H. 2012. Microsporidian entomopathogens. In: Vega F E, Kaya H K, eds., Insect Pathology. 2nd ed. Academic Press. Elsevier Inc., San Diego.
Sturman J A. 1993. Taurine in development. Physiological Reviews, 21, 1–21.
Symmons P M. 1969. Morphometric measure of phase in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 58, 803–809.
Tanaka S, Zhu D H, Hoste B, Breuer M. 2002. The dark-color inducing neuropeptide, [His7]-corazonin, causes a shift in morphometric characteristics towards the gregarious phase in isolated-reared (solitarious) Locusta migratoria. Journal of Insect Physiology, 48, 1065–1074.
Wade J V, Olson J P, Samson F E, Nelson S R, Pazdernik T L. 2010. A possible role for taurine in osmoregulation within the brain. Journal of Neurochemistry, 51, 740–745.
Wu J Y, Prentice H. 2010. Role of taurine in the central nervous system. Journal of Biomedical Science, 17, 1–6.
Zhang Z H, Yan Y H, Zhang Z R, Zheng S Y, Bao X, Li F S, Shi Y S. 2003. The protection effect and significance on grassland ecosystem biodiversity of using Nosema locustae to control locusts. Pratacultural Science, 9, 17–23. (in Chinese)
[1] Yiyan Zhao, Weimin Liu, Xiaoming Zhao, Zhitao Yu, Hongfang Guo, Yang Yang, Hans Merzendorfer, Kun Yan Zhu, Jianzhen Zhang.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (LRP2) is required for lipid export in the midgut of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria [J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(5): 1618-1633.

[2] Jing Zhang, Zhaochen Wu, Shuo Li, He Huang, Suning Liu, Weimin Liu, Xiaoming Zhao, Jianzhen Zhang.

Development and formation of wing cuticle based on transcriptomic analysis in Locusta migratoria during metamorphosis [J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(4): 1285-1299.

[3] FENG Shi-qian, ZHANG Neng, CHEN Jun, ZHANG Dao-gang, ZHU Kai-hui, CAI Ni, TU Xiong-bing, ZHANG Ze-hua. Serine protease inhibitors LmSPN2 and LmSPN3 co-regulate embryonic diapause in Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) via the Toll pathway[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(12): 3720-3730.
No Suggested Reading articles found!