|
|
|
|
|
| Mechanical Harvesting Effects on Seed Yield Loss, Quality Traits and Profitability of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) |
| MA Ni, ZHANG Chun-lei, LI Jun, ZHANG Ming-hai, CHENG Yu-gui, LI Guang-ming, ZHANG Shujie |
1.Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, P.R.China
2.Agricultural Institute of Yichang City, Yichang 443004, P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 China is one of the most important rapeseed producing countries in the world. Effective mechanical harvesting time for decreasing harvesting loss of winter oilseed rape has been becoming a critical factor. An elite cultivar Zhongshuang 11 (Brassica napus L.) was employed in two rounds of field experiments from 2009 to 2011. Seeds were sown with machine, three combine harvesting times namely combine harvesting A, B, and C (CHA, CHB, and CHC) were designed and manual harvesting (MH) as control was performed at maturity. The harvesting treatments were determined according to color of pod and seed in the field. Seed yield loss and quality in different treatments were evaluated. Results showed that both seed yields and harvesting losses in 2009-2010 were higher than that in 2010-2011, whereas seed oil contents in 2010-2011 were higher than that in 2009-2010. The highest yield appeared in CHB, which was significantly higher than that in MH. Furthermore, harvesting loss in CHB were 50% that in MH. Seed oil content and chlorophyll exhibited no obvious difference between CHB and MH. Economic profit analysis demonstrated that mechanical sowing/combine harvesting (MS/CH) showed an input/output ratio of 1:1.6, and it was 1:1.2 in mechanical sowing/manual harvesting (MS/MH). Labor-cost accounted for more than 70% of the total cost in MS/MH, which led to low profitability to a great extent. Our results suggested that CHB was the optimum harvesting time for winter oilseed rape along the Yangtze River.
Abstract China is one of the most important rapeseed producing countries in the world. Effective mechanical harvesting time for decreasing harvesting loss of winter oilseed rape has been becoming a critical factor. An elite cultivar Zhongshuang 11 (Brassica napus L.) was employed in two rounds of field experiments from 2009 to 2011. Seeds were sown with machine, three combine harvesting times namely combine harvesting A, B, and C (CHA, CHB, and CHC) were designed and manual harvesting (MH) as control was performed at maturity. The harvesting treatments were determined according to color of pod and seed in the field. Seed yield loss and quality in different treatments were evaluated. Results showed that both seed yields and harvesting losses in 2009-2010 were higher than that in 2010-2011, whereas seed oil contents in 2010-2011 were higher than that in 2009-2010. The highest yield appeared in CHB, which was significantly higher than that in MH. Furthermore, harvesting loss in CHB were 50% that in MH. Seed oil content and chlorophyll exhibited no obvious difference between CHB and MH. Economic profit analysis demonstrated that mechanical sowing/combine harvesting (MS/CH) showed an input/output ratio of 1:1.6, and it was 1:1.2 in mechanical sowing/manual harvesting (MS/MH). Labor-cost accounted for more than 70% of the total cost in MS/MH, which led to low profitability to a great extent. Our results suggested that CHB was the optimum harvesting time for winter oilseed rape along the Yangtze River.
|
|
Received: 21 July 2011
Accepted:
|
| Fund: This work was supported by the Special Funding for Modern Agricultural Technical System of China (Rapeseed) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31071372). |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence ZHANG Chun-lei, Tel/Fax: +86-27-86739796, E-mail: clzhang@vip.sina.com
E-mail: clzhang@vip.sina.com
|
Cite this article:
MA Ni, ZHANG Chun-lei, LI Jun, ZHANG Ming-hai, CHENG Yu-gui, LI Guang-ming, ZHANG Shujie.
2012.
Mechanical Harvesting Effects on Seed Yield Loss, Quality Traits and Profitability of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(8): 1297-1304.
|
| [1]Association of Official Seed Analysts. 1988. Rules for testing seeds. Journal of Seed Technology, 6, 1-126. [2]Bruce D M, Farrent J W, Morgan C L, Child R D. 2002. Determining the oil rape pod strength needed to reduce seed loss due to pod shatter. Biosystems Engineering, 81, 179-184. [3]Cenkowski S, Zhang Q, Bielewica J, Britton M G. 1992. Effect of maturity stage on mechanical properties of canola seeds. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 35, 1243-1248. [4]David L D. 2007. Agricultural Production Economics. Macmillan Publisher Corporation, London. Davies G C, Bruce D M. 1997. Fracture mechanics of oil seed rape pods. Journal of Materials Science, 32, 5898-5899. [5]Domeika R, Špokas L, Butkus V. 1999. Research of rapeseed harvesting losses. Proceedings of the Latvia University of Agriculture, 1, 28-35. [6]Domeika R, Jasinskas A, Steponavièius D, Vaiciukevièius E, Butkus V. 2008. The estimation methods of rapeseed harvesting losses. Agronomy Research, 6, 191-198. [7]Elias S G, Copeland L O. 2001. Physiological and harvest maturity of canola in relation to seed quality. Agronomy Journal, 93, 1054-1058. [8]Feiffer A, Feiffer P, Göbel D. 1996. Rapsernte. Rapseed, 3, 136-139. [9]Hobson R N, Bruce D M. 2002. Seed loss when cutting a standing crop of rapeseed with two types of combine harvester header. Biosystems Engineering, 81, 281-286. [10]Macleod A J. 1981. Rapeseed book. In: A Manual for Growers, Farmers and Advisors. Cambridge Agricultural Publishing, Cambrige. pp. 107-119. [11]Mohammad R A, Iraj B, Mir H P. 2007. Evaluation of a rice reaper used for rapeseed harvesting. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural Environment Science, 2, 388-394. [12]Price J S, Hobson R N, Neale M A, Bruce D M. 1996. Seed losses on commercial harvesting of oil seed rape. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 65, 183-191. [13]Szwed G, ukaszuk J. 2007. Effect of rapeseed and wheat kernel moisture on impact damage. International Agrophysics, 21, 299-304. [14]Špokas L, Velièka R, Marcinkevièienë A, Domeika R. 2004. Optimierung des Erntezeitpunktes von Sommerraps durch die Sortenwhahl. Die Bodenkultur, 55, 113-120. (in German) [15]Wang H Z. 2002. Rapeseed industry in China after joining WTO. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 24, 82-86. (in Chinese) [16]Wang H Z. 2007. Strategy of rapeseed industry development based on the analysis of rapeseed production and demand in China. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 29, 101-105. (in Chinese) [17]Yuan W, Kelly P. 1982. The determination of chlorophyll in rapeseed oil. In: Analytical Chemistry of Rapeseed and Its Products-A Symposium Sponsored by the Canada-Sweden Exchange on Rapeseed Science. [18]Canola Council of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. pp. 139-143. Information Center of Chinese Planting Industry. 2011. Database of Crops. [2011-11-08]. http://www.zzys.gov. cn/nongqing.aspx |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
