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1. 通过关联分析剖析普通小麦籽粒颜色与收获前穗发芽抗性的遗传基础
YAN Sheng-nan, YU Zhao-yu, GAO Wei, WANG Xu-yang, CAO Jia-jia, LU Jie, MA Chuan-xi, CHANG Cheng, ZHANG Hai-ping
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (9): 2617-2631.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.017
摘要262)      PDF    收藏

收获前穗发芽对小麦的品质和产量产生不利影响。籽粒颜色与小麦穗发芽抗性密切相关。然而,两者的遗传关系尚不清楚。本研究采用90K芯片对168个籽粒颜色和穗发芽抗性差异显著的小麦品种进行基因分型。基于混合线性模型的全基因组关联分析显示,67SNP标记(分布于29个位点与籽粒颜色显著关联,其中包括17个潜在的新位点,解释1.1-17.0%的表型变异。另外,100SNP标记(分布于54个位点)与穗发芽抗性显著关联,其中包括31个潜在的新位点,解释1.1-14.7%的表型变异。随后对籽粒颜色和穗发芽抗性的共定位位点Qgc.ahau-2B.3/Qphs.ahau-2B.42B和穗发芽抗性位点Qphs.ahau-5B.4(5B)分别开发CAPS标记2B-4485B-301利用171份中国微核心种质进一步验证了上述2CAPS标记与籽粒颜色和穗发芽抗性相关性。此外,基于小麦公共表达数据库、转录组测序数据以及基因等位变异分析结果,将编码谷氧还蛋白glutaredoxinTraesCS5B02G545100基因确定为Qphs.ahau-5B.4位点的潜在候选基因。进一步基于TraesCS5B02G545100基因CDS区域的SNP (T/C)变异,本文开发了一个CAPS标记CAPS-356利用411/红芒春21重组自交系(RILs)的高密度遗传连锁图谱检测到CAPS-356标记与一个新的穗发芽抗性QTL共定位,进一步支持了TraesCS5B02G545100Qphs.ahau-5B.4位点的潜在候选基因的假设。本文结果为Qphs.ahau-5B.4的图位克隆和白皮抗穗发芽品种的培育提供了有价值的参考信息。

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2. 土壤调理剂改善镉污染农田土壤微生物群落抑制水稻积累Cd
ZHAO Jun-yang, LU Hua-ming, QIN Shu-tao, PAN Peng, TANG Shi-de, CHEN Li-hong, WANG Xue-li, TANG Fang-yu, TAN Zheng-long, WEN Rong-hui, HE Bing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (8): 2521-2535.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.02.023
摘要208)      PDF    收藏

土壤调理剂中添加硅和有机肥可抑制重金属离子从土壤向作物的转移,但目前并不清楚硅和有机肥如何通过影响土壤性质和微生态环境进而减少水稻的镉积累。本研究通过两地田间实验分析了含硅和有机肥的L型土壤调理剂对细菌和真菌群落多样性、土壤pH、有机质及有效硅含量的影响。结果表明,随着土壤调理剂中硅和有机肥含量的增加,两个试验点的水稻产量分别增加了16.8%~25.8%6.8%~13.1%, 稻米Cd含量显著降低了8.2%~21.1%10.8%~40.6%。土壤微生物组学分析证明与镉吸附、螯合相关的FirmicutesActinobacteriota细菌和与大分子物质降解有关的Basidiomycota真菌种群丰度的增加,有利于抑制土壤中镉的活性(土壤ESC-Cd降低了14.4%~14.8%18.1%~20.6%),这与施用土壤调理剂引起有机质和有效硅含量增加有关。总之,L型土壤调理剂中的有机质和硅可通过调节土壤中镉钝化优势菌群,降低土壤镉有效性,最终减少稻米镉积累。

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3. 一个编码B-BOX蛋白的GhDR基因上的2bp移码缺失与陆地棉矮杆红叶性状共分离
WANG Xue-feng, SHAO Dong-nan, LIANG Qian, FENG Xiao-kang, ZHU Qian-hao, YANG Yong-lin, LIU Feng, ZHANG Xin-yu, LI Yan-jun, SUN Jie, XUE Fei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (7): 2000-2014.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.10.007
摘要291)      PDF    收藏

株型和叶色是棉花纤维产量的重要影响因素。本研究基于遗传分析、茎秆石蜡切片和植物激素处理方法,发现棉花矮红突变体DR一个赤霉素敏感型突变体,由一个单显性基因位点突变引起,将其命名为GhDR。通过BSA-seq结合靶向测序基因型检测GBTS方法控制突变性状基因定位A09 染色体约197 kb候选区间包含 25 个注释基因。基于候选基因的注释信息及其在突变体和正常植株之间的序列和表达差异GH_A09G2280基因被认为是控制矮红突变体表型的最佳候选基因。在DR突变体GhDR/GH_A09G2280基因编码区发现一个2 bp缺失,导致GhDR基因产生移码突变,蛋白翻译提前终止GhDR是拟南芥AtBBX24的同源基因,编码B-box锌指蛋白。移码缺失导致GhDR C末端缺失核定位结构域和VP结构,并改变了其亚细胞定位结果比较转录组分析表明,在DR突变体中,参与赤霉素生物合成和信号转导的关键基因下调表达,而与赤霉素降解和花青素生物合成相关基因上调表达。研究初步揭示了GhDR基因同时调控棉花株型和花青素积累的潜在分子机制

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4. 柑橘黄化斑驳相关病毒侵染性克隆构建及致病性分析
WU Jia-xing, ZHANG Song, LIANG Xiao-fei, XING Fei, Sagheer ATTA, WANG Xue-feng, CAO Meng-ji
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 3034-3041.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.08.014
摘要187)      PDF    收藏

柑橘黄化斑驳相关病毒(Citrus yellow mottle-associated virus,CiYMaV)属马铃薯X病毒属(Potexvirus)、印度柑橘病毒亚属(Mandarivirus),最早于2018年在巴基斯坦被发现,目前该病毒在巴基斯坦多地柑橘产区有发生。本研究首先借助植物双元表达载体pCass4-RZ构建了3个CiYMaV的全长cDNA克隆(pCiYMaV-FL-1、pCiYMaV-FL-18和pCiYMaV-FL-22),随后通过农杆菌真空浸润接种强德勒柚(Citrus grandis)验证其侵染活性。结果表明,在接种40-60天,3个克隆均引起严重的叶脉黄化、叶片斑驳和植株矮化的症状。直接组织点免疫(direct tissue blot immunoassay,DTBIA)和反转录聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)的检测结果表明3个克隆的侵染率为94.7-100%。尽管3个克隆引发的症状相似,pCiYMaV-FL-22在接种60天时,其在植株内的RNA和蛋白积累水平最高。因此,选择pCiYMaV-FL-22将其接种到7种柑橘和3种草本寄主上,结果表明pCiYMaV-FL-22能成功侵染7种柑橘寄主,并且在5个柑橘品种上引起明显症状。通过透射电镜,在接种pCiYMaV-FL-22的柑橘植株组织中观察到长线型、弯曲的病毒颗粒。综上所述,本研究构建了CiYMaV的全长感染性cDNA克隆,完成了该病毒的柯赫氏法则验证,为进一步研究该病毒侵染的分子机制和开发能应用于柑橘上的病毒载体奠定了基础。

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5. JIA-2021-1043 转录组分析解析转人FST基因猪表型变化的分子机制
LONG Ke-ren, LI Xiao-kai, ZHANG Ruo-wei, GU Yi-ren, DU Min-jie, XING Xiang-yang, DU Jia-xiang, MAI Miao-miao, WANG Jing, JIN Long, TANG Qian-zi, HU Si-lu, MA Ji-deng, WANG Xun, PAN Deng-ke, LI Ming-zhou
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (9): 2675-2690.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.07.014
摘要325)      PDF    收藏

本研究制备了在骨骼肌组织中特异表达人FST基因的转基因(TG)猪,并进行了表型鉴定。相较于野生型(WT)猪,TG猪骨骼肌重量显著增加(P<0.05),脂肪沉积显著减少(P<0.05),代谢状态显著改善(P<0.05)。根据表型变化,利用RNA-seq技术对WT猪和TG猪的骨骼肌(酵解型:背最长肌,氧化型:腰大肌)、白色脂肪(皮下脂肪:背部皮下脂肪,内脏脂肪:腹膜后脂肪)和肝脏共6个组织进行了转录组比较分析。结果表明,PIK3-AKT信号通路、钙离子信号通路及氨基酸代谢通路在FST诱导的骨骼肌肥大中具有重要作用;MYH7基因(决定I型肌纤维)表达量的相对比例在TG猪腰大肌中显著减低,氧化磷酸化和脂肪酸代谢等相关信号通路也在TG猪腰大肌中显著下调;相较于WT猪,TG猪脂肪中的AMPK信号通路、脂代谢相关通路发生显著变化,脂质合成、脂质分解及脂质储存相关基因表达量在皮下脂肪中显著降低,脂质分解相关基因表达量在腹膜后脂肪组织中显著升高。肝脏组织中,TGF-β信号通路相关基因在TG猪中显著下调。这些结果将有助于理解卵泡抑素引起猪表型变化的分子机制,为该候选靶点进一步在分子育种中的应用提供了基础数据。


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6. JIA-2021-1450 一种基于腋芽离体再生技术的柑橘黄龙病菌快速增殖系统的构建
LEI Tian-gang, HE Yong-rui, ZOU Xiu-ping, WANG Xue-feng, FU Shi-min, PENG Ai-hong, XU Lan-zhen, YAO Li-xiao, CHEN Shan-chun, ZHOU Chang-yong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (6): 1683-1693.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63856-X
摘要198)      PDF    收藏

本研究以感染黄龙病菌亚洲种(‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’, CLas)的长叶橙(Citrus sinensis Osbeck)为材料,建立CLas侵染长叶橙的茎段培养方法,利用PCR和荧光定量PCR检测分析腋芽离体再生嫩梢中CLas的增殖情况。在此基础上,取CLas侵染长叶橙枝条进行表面消毒处理,切取腋芽嫁接于柑橘试管砧木,进行试管培养,利用PCR和荧光定量PCR检测腋芽再生嫩梢中CLas的增殖规律;采用直接组织印迹免疫法(Direct tissue blot immune assay,DTBIA)对试管苗中CLas的分布进行检测。培养基中添加适合浓度的激素可促进感病柑橘茎段离体培养的萌芽,萌芽率最高的培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+GA 0.2 mg·L-1+IAA 0.2 mg·L-1。茎段萌芽30 d时,嫩梢病原PCR检测的阳性率达75%,其CLas浓度平均为温室条件下培养茎段原叶片中脉的28.2倍,最高为484.2倍。试管嫁接苗萌芽10、15、20、25、30和40 d时,嫩梢CLas PCR检测的阳性率分别为10%、15%、15%、20%、55%和70%,CLas浓度分别为7.5×104 、2.2×106 、1.4×107、2.2×107 、1.2×108和1.4×108 cells μg-1 DNA;萌芽30和40 d的试管苗中CLas浓度超过108的比例分别达30%和40%。DTBIA检测结果显示,试管苗中黄龙病菌的分布比温室保存的感病柑橘中均匀。CLas侵染柑橘试管苗的主要症状为嫩梢枯死、停止生长、叶黄和落叶。感病试管苗的死亡率在萌芽40 d后会急剧升高,60 d时死亡率达82.0%。CLas在通过腋芽嫁接的柑橘试管苗中能快速增殖,该方法的建立为深入开展柑橘黄龙病病原生物学、病原-寄主互作及抗菌药物快速筛选等研究奠定一定基础。本研究建立了一种快速增殖和高浓度富集柑橘黄龙病菌的培养方法


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7. Detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence-related genes in Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus parauberis isolated from clinical bovine mastitis cases in northwestern China
ZHANG Hang, YANG Feng, LI Xin-pu, LUO Jin-yin, WANG Ling, ZHOU Yu-long, YAN Yong, WANG Xu-rong, LI Hong-sheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (11): 2784-2791.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63185-9
摘要118)      PDF    收藏
The objectives of this study were to investigate antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus parauberis isolated from cows with bovine clinical mastitis in China and to examine the distribution of resistance- and virulence-related gene patterns.  Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the E-test.  Genes encoding antimicrobial resistance and invasiveness factors were examined by PCR.  A total of 27 strains were obtained from 326 mastitis milk samples.  Streptococcus parauberis isolates (n=11) showed high resistance to erythromycin (90.9%), followed by tetracycline (45.5%), chloramphenicol (36.4%) and clindamycin (27.3%).  Streptococcus uberis isolates (n=16) were highly resistant to tetracycline (81.3%) and clindamycin (62.5%).  Both species were susceptible to ampicillin.  The most prevalent resistance gene in S. uberis was tetM (80.0%), followed by blaZ (62.5%) and ermB (62.5%).  However, tetM, blaZ, and ermB genes were only found in 27.3, 45.5, and 27.3%, respectively, of S. parauberis.  In addition, all of the isolates carried at least one selected virulence-related gene.  The most prevalent virulence-associated gene pattern in the current study was sua+pauA/skc+gapC+hasC detected in 22.2% of the strains.  One S. uberis strain carried 7 virulence-associated genes and belonged to the sua+pauA/skc+gapC+cfu+hasA+hasB+hasC pattern.  More than 59.3% of analysed strains carried 4 to 7 virulence-related genes.  Our findings demonstrated that S. parauberis and S. uberis isolated from clinical bovine mastitis cases in China exhibited diverse molecular ecology, and that the strains were highly resistant to antibiotics commonly used in the dairy cow industry.  The data obtained in the current study contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of bacteria in mastitis caused by these pathogens, and the findings are relevant to the development of multivalent vaccines and targeted prevention procedures.
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8. Decreasing detection frequency of MITE (MCLas-A) in the population of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ recently collected in southern China
CUI Xue-jin, ZENG Chun-hua, LIU Ke-hong, TENG Cai-ling, ZHOU Chang-yong, WANG Xue-feng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (10): 2597-2601.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63217-8
摘要119)      PDF    收藏
An active miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE), MCLas-A, was previously identified from ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ known to be associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease).  To explore the recent transposition status of MCLas-A, 389 ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ strains collected from nine regions in China were amplified using a specific primer set and three representative ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ strains were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach.  PCR and genomic analysis showed that the entire MCLas-A was only present in 1.80% (7/389) and the jumping-out type of the MITE was predominant (81.23%) in samples tested, suggesting high frequency transposition occurred in ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ strains recently collected from China.  Biological roles of transposition of the active MITE remain to be determined.
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9. Internal phosphate starvation signaling and external phosphate availability have no obvious effect on the accumulation of cadmium in rice
WANG Xue-qing, RUAN Wen-yuan, YI Ke-ke
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (9): 2153-2161.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62100-8
摘要121)      PDF    收藏
Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient element for crop.  To obtain maximum crop yield, P fertilizer is often over-applied, which leads to accelerating exhaustion of phosphate resources and serious environmental problems.  Reducing the application of P fertilizer and enhancing the P utilization efficiency of crops are significant for the sustainable development of agriculture.  Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rice is another serious agricultural issue.  However, whether reducing the application of P fertilizer and enhancing the P utilization efficiency of crops will increase the risk of Cd accumulation in crops remains obscure.  In this study, we are aiming to elucidate the relationship between Cd and P in rice from physiological and genetic perspectives.  For this purpose, the wild type (WT) rice plants and phosphate (Pi)-starvation signaling repressed mutant phr2 were used to analyze the relationship between Cd and P.  Here, we found that Cd stress could promote P accumulation and induce Pi-starvation signaling in WT and phr2 shoots under Pi-sufficient condition in a PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE 2 (PHR2) independent manner.  Besides, the expression level of Cd transporter of OsNramp5 and the uptake speed of Cd2+ were not obviously changed under Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions.  Furthermore, our Cd determination results showed that the Cd concentrations in WT and phr2 were not obviously changed under Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions.  These results indicate that the external P availability and internal Pi-starvation signaling cannot obviously affect the accumulation of Cd in rice seedling.
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10. Effects of planting patterns on yield, quality, and defoliation in machine-harvested cotton
WANG Fang-yong, HAN Huan-yong, LIN Hai, CHEN Bing, KONG Xian-hui, NING Xin-zhu, WANG Xu-wen, YU Yu, LIU Jing-de
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (9): 2019-2028.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62604-3
摘要122)      PDF    收藏
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of different machine-harvested cotton-planting patterns on defoliation, yield, and fiber quality in cotton and to provide support for improving the quality of machine-harvested cotton.  In the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons, the Xinluzao 45 (XLZ45) and Xinluzao 62 (XLZ62) cultivars, which are primarily cultivated in northern Xinjiang, were used as study materials.  Conventional wide-narrow row (WNR), wide and ultra-narrow row (UNR), wide-row spacing with high density (HWR), and wide-row spacing with low density (LWR) planting patterns were used to assess the effects of planting patterns on defoliation, yield, and fiber quality.  Compared with WNR, the seed cotton yields were significantly decreased by 2.06–5.48% for UNR and by 2.50–6.99% for LWR, respectively.  The main cause of reduced yield was a reduction in bolls per unit area.  The variation in HWR yield was –1.07–1.07% with reduced bolls per unit area and increased boll weight, thus demonstrating stable production.  In terms of fiber quality indicators, the planting patterns only showed significant effects on the micronaire value, with wide-row spacing patterns showing an increase in the micronaire values.  The defoliation and boll-opening results showed that the number of leaves and dried leaves in HWR was the lowest among the four planting patterns.  Prior to the application of defoliating agent and before machine-harvesting, the numbers of leaves per individual plant in HWR were decreased by 14.45 and 25.00% on average, respectively, compared with WNR, while the number of leaves per unit area was decreased by 27.44 and 36.21% on average, respectively.  The rates of boll-opening and defoliation in HWR were the highest.  Specifically, the boll-opening rate before defoliation and machine-harvesting in HWR was 44.54 and 5.94% higher on average than in WNR, while the defoliation rate prior to machine-harvesting was 3.45% higher on average than in WNR.  The numbers of ineffective defoliated leaves and leaf trash in HWR were the lowest, decreased by 33.40 and 32.43%, respectively, compared with WNR.  In conclusion, the HWR planting pattern is associated with a high and stable yield, does not affect fiber quality, promotes early maturation, and can effectively decrease the amount of leaf trash in machine-picked seed cotton, and thus its use is able to improve the quality of machine-harvested cotton.
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11. Derivation of soil Pb/Cd/As thresholds for safety of vegetable planting: A case study for pakchoi in Guangdong Province, China
LI Fu-rong, WEN Dian, WANG Fu-hua, SUN Fang-fang, WANG Xu, DU Ying-qiong, LIU Xiang-xiang, WAN Kai
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (1): 179-189.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61975-6
摘要262)      PDF    收藏
Regional guidelines for soil heavy metals, in conjunction with specific crops, are proposed to better assess soil environmental quality.  In this study, large amounts of soils with different levels of Pb/Cd/As pollution were collected in Guangdong Province, China, to carry out a pot experiment, which was closer to the actual situation and properties of the heavy metal contaminated soils.  Taking the widely planted vegetable pakchoi as the research object, we analyzed the correlations between the Pb/Cd/As concentrations in pakchoi and the total or available soil Pb/Cd/As concentrations and established their optimal regression equations.  And then, the total and available soil Pb/Cd/As thresholds for pakchoi were calculated according to the allowable Pb/Cd/As limits in pakchoi and were compared with the current soil assessment standards.  Furthermore, a lot of paired vegetable-soil samples in field were collected and their pollution situations were assessed by both the current limit thresholds and the calculated thresholds.  Obviously, it was more consistent to assess the Cd and As pollution situation of the vegetable and soil samples with the calculated soil thresholds than the current soil assessment thresholds.  It further proved that it was necessary to explore the soil heavy metal thresholds for safety of vegetable in specific regions, which would be more scientific and practical to guide safety production of local agricultural products and effective utilization of soil resources.
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12. Development of a sensitive and reliable droplet digital PCR assay for the detection of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’
ZHONG Xi, LIU Xue-lu, LOU Bing-hai, ZHOU Chang-yong, WANG Xue-feng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (2): 483-487.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61815-X
摘要733)      PDF    收藏
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease) is one of the most serious citrus diseases worldwide.  To better improve the detection sensitivity, a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay was developed for the rapid detection of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las), the putative causal agent of HLB.  The detection of sensitivity comparison using positive plasmid indicated that ddPCR was superior to quantitative PCR (qPCR) for detecting and quantifying Las at low concentrations.  The Las detection of 40 field samples also showed that six of 13 asymptomatic samples (46.15%) with high Ct value (>35) were positive by ddPCR.  This methodology showed great potential for early HLB infection diagnosis.
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13. GmDRR1, a dirigent protein resistant to Phytophthora sojae in Glycine max (L.) Merr.
CHEN Qing-shan, YU Guo-long, ZOU Jia-nan, WANG Jing, QIU Hong-mei, ZHU Rong-sheng, CHANG Hui-lin, JIANG Hong-wei, HU Zhen-bang, LI Chang-yu, ZHANG Yan-jiao, WANG Jin-hui, WANG Xueding, GAO Shan...
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (06): 1289-1298.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61821-5
摘要553)      PDF    收藏
Received  26 June, 2017    Accepted  17 October, 2017
© 2018 CAAS. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.  All rights reserved.
doi:
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14. Prevalence and characteristics of extended spectrum β-lactamaseproducing Escherichia coli from bovine mastitis cases in China
YANG Feng, ZHANG Shi-dong, SHANG Xiao-fei, WANG Xu-rong, WANG Ling, YAN Zuo-ting, LI Hong-sheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (06): 1246-1251.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61830-6
摘要524)      PDF    收藏
The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from bovine mastitis cases in China.  ChromID ESBL agar was used to confirm ESBL-producing E. coli.  PCR and DNA sequencing were employed to characterize the genotype of ESBL-producers.  Antimicrobial susceptibility was measured by disc diffusion.  Overall, 73 of 318 E. coli isolates (22.96%) were identified as ESBL-producers.  Of these ESBL-producing E. coli, the prevalence of blaCTX-M and blaTEM-1 was 97.26 and 71.23%, respectively.  The predominant CTX-M-type ESBL was CTX-M-15 (65.75%), followed by CTX-M-14 (10.96%), CTX-M-55 (9.59%), CTX-M-64 (5.48%), CTX-M-65 (4.11%) and CTX-M-3 (1.37%).  This study is the first report of CTX-M-64 and CTX-M-65 in E. coli isolated from bovine mastitis.  Furthermore, 72 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates (98.63%) were found to be multidrug-resistance.  This study noted high prevalence and rates of antimicrobial resistance of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from bovine mastitis cases in China.
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15. Penicillin-resistant characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Gansu, China
YANG Feng, LIU Long-hai, WANG Ling, WANG Xu-rong, LI Xin-pu, LUO Jin-yin, ZHANG Zhe, ZHANG Shi-dong, YAN Zuo-ting, LI Hong-sheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (08): 1874-1878.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61531-9
摘要1414)      PDF    收藏
    Bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is difficult to treat because of increasing resistance against antibiotics, especially penicillin. β-Lactamase and biofilm are responsible for penicillin resistance of S. aureus. The aim of this study was to investigate the β-lactamase activity and biofilm formation capacity of 37 penicillin-resistant S. aureus strains (35 were blaZ positive and 2 were blaZ negative) from bovine mastitis in Gansu Province, China, as well as to measure the intercellular adhesion genes icaA and icaD of these strains. β-Lactamase Test Kit was used to determine the β-lactamase activity, biofilm formation was tested by semi-quantitative adherence assay method. Moreover, the presence of icaA and icaD were measured by PCR. A total of 32 penicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, including the two blaZ-negative strains, were identified as β-lactamase producers. All tested S. aureus isolates produced biofilm in the microtiter plate assay. Meanwhile, all these strains were PCR-positive for the ica locus, icaA and icaD. The study indicated high prevalence of β-lactamase activity, biofilm-forming capacity, and the ica genes among the penicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates, and implied that S. aureus resistant to penicillin was attributed to multiple mechanisms.
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16. Field evaluation of Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 for biocontrol of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato
JIN Na, XUE Hui* LI Wen-jing, WANG Xue-yan, LIU Qian, LIU Shu-sen, LIU Pei, ZHAO Jian-long, JIAN Heng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (06): 1347-1357.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61553-8
摘要814)      PDF    收藏
Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47, isolated from eggs of Meloidogyne spp., was evaluated as a potential biocontrol agent of Meloidogyne incognita under in vitro and protective field.  Microscopic observations showed that HDZ-9-47 parasitized eggs of M. incognita within 7 days.  In vitro, the culture filtrate of HDZ-9-47 caused 97.0% mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita and inhibited more than 50% egg hatching.  In the field, compared with the control, the root-knot index and J2s density in the treatment of drench the broth contained 1012 HDZ-9-47 spores were respectively reduced by 51.1 and 80.7% at 90 days post transplantation, which were better than that in other application doses and methods.  In addition, reduction rates of root-knot index and J2s density of the treatment of combined application of HDZ-9-47 with biofumigation was 87.1 and 91.0%, respectively, better than either of HDZ-9-47 or biofumigation used alone or fosthiazate treatment.  And tomato yield also increased by 16.1%.  Together, our results suggest that HDZ-9-47 could be an effective biocontrol agent of M. incognita, and that application of HDZ-9-47 combined with cabbage residue biofumigation was a promising and sustainable option for M. incognita control.
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17. Development of glyphosate-tolerant transgenic cotton plants harboring the G2-aroA gene
ZHANG Xiao-bing, TANG Qiao-ling, WANG Xu-jing, WANG Zhi-xing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (03): 551-558.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61458-2
摘要813)      PDF    收藏
Given that glyphosate weed control is an effective strategy to reduce costs and improve economic outcomes of agricultural production in China, the development of glyphosate-resistant cotton holds great promise.  Using an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, a new G2-aroA gene that encodes 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) was transformed into cotton cultivar K312.  The transgenic cotton plants were regenerated from a callus tissue culture via kanamycin selection.  Ten regenerated cotton plants were obtained and allowed to flower normally to produce fruit.  The results from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern and Western blot analyses indicated that the target gene was integrated into the cotton chromosome and was expressed effectively at the protein level.  The glyphosate tolerance analysis showed that the transgenic cotton had a high resistance to glyphosate.  Further, even cotton treated with 45.0 mmol L–1 of glyphosate was able to slowly grow, bloom and seed.  The transgenic cotton may be used for cotton breeding research of glyphosate-tolerant cotton.
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18. Small RNA deep sequencing reveals full-length genome of Citrus yellow vein clearing virus in Chongqing, China
YU Yun-qi, WU Qiong, SU Hua-nan, WANG Xue-feng, CAO Meng-ji, ZHOU Chang-yong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (02): 503-508.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61533-2
摘要1164)      PDF    收藏
To identity the potential pathogen associated with the yellow vein clearing symptom on lemon trees, the profiles of virus-derived small interfering RNAs from citrus samples were obtained and analyzed by deep sequencing method in this study.  Twenty-seven contigs almost cover the full length genome of Citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV) isolate YN were obtained using the small RNA deep sequencing technology.  Analysis showed that this isolate CQ shared the highest nucleotide identity with isolate Y1 (JX040635) and YN (KP313242), both of which belong to the genus Mandarivirus in the family Alphaflexiviridae.  Mapping analysis of viral-derived siRNA (vsiRNA) profiles revealed an uneven distribution pattern of their generations along both positive and negative genome strands, and 22- and 21-nt vsiRNAs ranked the majority.  BLAST against viroids and other viral databases confirmed that this sample was single-infected only by CYVCV, which indicated that CYVCV was the exact causal agent for the yellow clearing symptom occurring on lemon.  This is the first CYVCV isolate detected in Chongqing and the second in China.  This result could provide a molecular basis for the investigation of citrus viral diseases to protect citrus health in this region. 
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19. Genetic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis cases in Northwest China
YANG Feng, WANG Qi, WANG Xu-rong, WANG Ling, LI Xin-pu, LUO Jin-yin, ZHANG Shi-dong, LI Hong-sheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (12): 2842-2847.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61368-0
摘要1119)      PDF    收藏
    Staphylococcus aureus is the most common etiological pathogen of bovine mastitis. The resistant strains make the disease difficult to cure. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic nature of the antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus cultured from bovine mastitis in Northwest China in 2014. A total of 44 S. aureus were isolated for antimicrobial resistance and resistance-related genes. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by disc diffusion and the corresponding resistance genes were detected by PCR. Phenotype indicated that S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin (84.09%), erythromycin (20.45%), tetracycline (15.91%), gentamicin (9.09%), tobramycin (6.82%), kanamycin (6.82%) and methicillin (2.27%). 9.09% of the S. aureus isolates were classified as multidrug resistant. In addition, genotypes showed that the isolates were resistant to rifampicin (100%, rpoB), penicillin (95.45%, blaZ), tetracycline (22.73%, tetK, tetM, alone or in combination), erythromycin (22.73%, ermB or ermC), gentamicin/tobramycin/kanamycin (2.27%, aacA-aphD), methicillin (2.27%, mecA) and vancomycin (2.27%, vanA). Resistance to tetracycline was attributed to the genes tetK and tetM (r=0.558, P<0.001). This study noted high-level geno- and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus isolates from bovine mastitis cases in Northwest China.
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20. The third-party regulation on food safety in China: A review
ZHANG Man, QIAO Hui, WANG Xu, PU Ming-zhe, YU Zhi-jun, ZHENG Feng-tian
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (11): 2176-2188.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61114-5
摘要1836)      PDF    收藏
Stakeholders in the field of food safety management in China can be classified into three categories, government, food producers (farmers and enterprises), and the third-party regulatory bodies. The third-party regulation has experienced rapid development in past twenty years, and recently received considerable attention from consumers and the central government. This paper provides a review about the development, problems and future trend of the third-party regulation on food safety in China. To be specific, five forms of the third-party regulation are assessed, including media exposure, the third-party certification, regulation by consumer associations, social movements promoted by non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and regulation by industry associations. The study concludes that media and consumer associations are the major players in the third-party regulation and are highly repudiated among customers. The food certification industry has developed rapidly, but is now facing crises of confidence among consumers because of its lack of self-regulation. NGOs and industry associations still remain in the early development stages of food safety management, and therefore, are of little importance in current regulatory bodies.
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21. High genetic variation and recombination events in the vicinity of non-autonomous transposable elements from ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’
WANG Xue-feng, CHEN Jiao-yue, TAN Jin , DUAN Suo, DENG Xiao-ling, CHEN Jian-chi, ZHOU Chang-yong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (10): 2002-2010.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60979-5
摘要1434)      PDF    收藏
Two miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs), MCLas-A and MCLas-B, were recently identified from ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ known to be associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease). MCLas-A was suggested as an active MITE because of its mobility. The immediate upstream gene of the two MITEs was predicted to be a putative transposase. The goal of this study is to analyze the sequence variation in the upstream putative transposase of MITEs and explore the possible correlation between sequence variation of transposase gene and MITE activity. PCR and sequence analysis showed that 12 sequence types were found in six major amplicon types from 43 representative ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ isolates from China, the United States and Brazil. Out of the 12 sequence types, three (T4, T5-2, T6) were reported for the first time. Recombination events were found in the two unique sequence types (T5-2 and T6) which were detected in all Brazilian isolates. Notably, no sequence variation or recombination events were detected in the upstream putative transposase gene of MCLas-A, suggesting the conservation of the transposase gene might be closely related with the MITE activity. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated two well supported clades including five subclades were identified, clearly reflecting the geographical origins of isolates, especially that of Ruili isolates, São Paulo isolates and a few Florida isolates.
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22. Spatiotemporal Changes in Soil Nutrients: A Case Study in Taihu Region of China
LIU Lei-lei, ZHU Yan, LIU Xiao-jun, CAO Wei-xing, XU Mao, WANG Xu-kui , WANG En-li
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2014, 13 (1): 187-194.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60528-6
摘要1558)      PDF    收藏
The accurate assessment of the spatiotemporal changes in soil nutrients influenced by agricultural production provides the basis for development of management strategies to maintain soil fertility and balance soil nutrients. In this paper, we combined spatial measurements from 2 157 soil samples and geostatistical analysis to assess the spatiotemporal changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium content (AK) from the first soil survey (in the 1980s) to the second soil survey (in the 2000s) in the Taihu region of Jiangsu Province in China. The results showed that average soil nutrients in three soil types all exhibited the increased levels in the 2000s (except for AK in the yellow brown soil). The standard deviation of soil nutrient contents increased (except for TN in the paddy soil). Agricultural production in the 20 years led to increases in SOC, TN, AP and AK by 74, 82, 89 and 65%, respectively, of the Taihu areas analyzed. From the 1980s to 2000s all the nugget/sill ratios of soil nutrients indices were between 25 and 75% (except for AK in the yellow brown soil in the 2000s), indicating moderate spatial dependence. The ratio of AP in the yellow brown soil in the 2000s was 88.74%, showing weak spatial dependence. The spatial correlation range values for SOC, TN, AP and AK in the 2000s all decreased. The main areas showing declines in SOC, TN and AP were in the northwest. For AK, the main region with declining levels was in the east and middle of western areas. Apparently, the increase in soil nutrients in the Taihu region can be mainly attributed to the large increase in fertilizer inputs, change in crop systems and enhanced residues management since the 1980s. Future emphasis should be placed on avoiding excess fertilizer inputs and balancing the effects of the fertilizers in soils.
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23. Agricultural Market Name Geo-Locating System Based on an Administrative Ontology and Web Search Engine
HU Yi-min, SONG Liang-tu, WEI Yuan-yuan, HUANG He, WANG Xue
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2012, 11 (5): 849-857.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8607
摘要1222)      PDF    收藏
The problem of associating the agricultural market names on web sites with their locations is essential for geographical analysis of the agricultural products. In this paper, an algorithm which employs the administrative ontology and the statistics from the search results were proposed. The experiments with 100 market names collected from web sites were conducted. The experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm proposed obtains satisfactory performance in resolving the problem above, thus the effectiveness of the method is verified.
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24. From Web Resources to Agricultural Ontology: a Method for Semi-Automatic Construction
WEI Yuan-yuan, WANG Ru-jing, HU Yi-min, WANG Xue
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2012, 11 (5): 775-783.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8599
摘要1519)      PDF    收藏
In recent years, with the rapid development of information science, ontology becomes a popular research topic in the fields of knowledge engineering and information management. The reason for ontology being so popular is in large part due to what they promise: a shared and common understanding of some domain that can be communicated across people and computers. In the field of agriculture, FAO has started up the Agricultural Ontology Service (AOS) study project since 2001, AOS aims at providing knowledge service by agricultural domain ontology, it is the new seedtime for agricultural information service. However, establishing the ontology necessitates a great deal of expert assistance; manually setting it up would entail a lot of time, not to mention that there are only a handful of experts available. For this reason, using automatic technology to construct the ontology is a subject worth pursuing. A semi-automatic construction method for agricultural professional ontology from web resources is presented in this paper. For semi-structured web pages, the method automatically extracted and stored structured data through a program, built pattern mapping between relational database and ontology through human-computer interaction, and automatically generated a preliminary ontology, finally completed checking and refining by domain experts. The method provided a viable approach for ontology construction based on network resources in the actual work.
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25. Insecticidal Constructure and Bioactivities of Compounds from Ficus sarmentosa var. henryi
WANG Xue-gui, WEI Xiao-yi, HUANG Xing-yan, SHEN Li-tao, TIAN Yong-qing , XU Han-hong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2011, 10 (9): 1402-1409.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60133-8
摘要1877)      PDF    收藏
Insecticidal activities of the petroleum ether-, chloroform-, ethyl acetate-, and water-soluble fractions of the methanolicextract of Ficus sarmentosa var. henryi were assayed against Musca domestica adults. The chloroform- and ethyl acetatesolublefractions were the most active with 92.6 and 88.9% mortalities (24 h after treatment) respectively. Therefore, thetwo fractions were combined and four compounds, isolated from the fractions by activity-guided fractionation, wereelucidated as 7-hydroxycoumarin, apigenin, eriodictyol, and quercetin by spectroscopic method and displayed excellentinsecticidal activities against adults of M. domestica and 4th instar larva of Aedes albopictus. Among those, 7-hydroxycoumarin showed the strongest insecticidal activities with lethal concentrations (LC50) values of 72.13 μg g-1sugar and 4.87 μg mL-1 (48 h after treatment) against the test insects respectively. The cytoxicities of these compounds onBTI-Tn-5B1-4 cell were also investigated for the insecticidal mechanism and found that quercetin represented superiorinhibitory activity with MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) against BTI-Tn-5B1-4 cell, but slightly weaker thanthat of the positive control (azadirachtin) and significantly greater than the negative control (DMSO only). Meanwhile,eriodictyol demonstrated the strongest effect on the mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP). In conclusion, based ontheir comparative toxicities to commercial insecticides and their cytotoxic effects, some of the compounds from theF. sarmentosa have potential as botanical insecticides.
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26. The Responses of Morphological Trait, Leaf Ultrastructure, Photosynthetic and Biochemical Performance of Tomato to Differential Light Availabilities
FU Qiu-shi, ZHAO Bing, WANG Xue-wen, WANG Yu-jue, REN Shu-xin , GUO Yang-dong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2011, 10 (12): 1887-1897.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60189-2
摘要3189)      PDF    收藏
The whole-plant morphology, leaf ultrastructure, photosynthesis as well as enzyme activities of two tomato cultivars (Meifen-2 and Hongsheng) to differential light availabilities (450-500 μmol m-2 s-1, 75-100 μmol m-2 s-1) were examined in controlled environment. The results showed that the plant biomass and root/shoot ratio decreased and the specific leaf area increased significantly under the low light condition. There was a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities and decrease in soluble sugar and protein contents in LL-grown plants. For both cultivars, downregulation of photosynthesis and electron transport components were observed in LL-grown plants, the inhibition of the photosynthesis under the LL condition could be partially explained by the decrease of stomata density and by the changes of chloroplast.
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