Abstract: Effect of low temperature on the dynamic of several key enzymes activity and the genes’ expression pattern was studied and then the physiological and molecular mechanism of the textile processing was discussed by putting the fiber developing process in different temperature condition. Two years’ data showed that the dynamics of the enzymes activity and the genes expression were influenced in different level in the low temperature condition. In the biochemical level, the activity of theβ-1,3-glucanase was increased accompany with the increasing of the temperature while the synthetase activity behaved oppositely. Evidences also showed that the sucrose synthestase were much more sensitive to temperature variation than β-1,3-glucanase. In the expression level, the effect of low temperature (mean daily temperature of 0-50DPA and 25-50DPA was under 23℃ and 21℃ respectively) on different genes expression was quite different, details was that in the low temperature the expression of the sucrose synthestase gene was strikely inhibited in the days around the 15 DPA and the high expression period of the expansin gene was suspended. To the fiber strength development, the floodtide of the fiber elongation was suspended and that was accordant with the variation of the expression pattern of the expansin gene, theβ-1,3-glucanase and the sucrose synthetase gene. The variation of the cellulose deposition and the textile procession was highly accordant with the changes of the sucrose synthetase gene expression pattern and variation of the dynamic of its activity, while it was absolutely opposite to the changes of theβ-1,3-glucanase gene expression pattern and variation of the dynamic of β-1,3-glucanase activity.