Abstract: 【Objective】The effects of cultivation methods on grainfilling and chalky grains were studied with upland rice of Zhonghan 3 (japonica) and paddy rice of Wuxiangjing 99-8 (japonica) as materials. 【Method】Three different cultivation methods of moist cultivation (MC, control), plastic film mulching cultivation (PFMC) and bare cultivation (BC) were set up. 【Result】The results showed that, compared with the MC, the grain yield was significantly lower under PFMC for upland rice, but there was no significant difference in grain yield between PFMC and MC for paddy rice. BC significantly reduced grain yield for both upland and paddy rice. Superior and inferior grains of upland rice had higher relatively grain-filling potential (R0/W), higher maximum grain-filling rate (Gmax), higher mean grain-filling rate (G) and higher grain weight, shorter time reaching the maximum grain-filling rate (Tmax) and lower percentage of chalky grains under dry cultivation (PFMC and BC) than under MC. Paddy rice showed opposite trends in R0/W and Tmax under dry cultivation. There was no significant difference in the percentage of chalky grains between PFMC and MC for paddy rice, whereas BC significantly reduced the percentage of chalky grains. The chalkiness was significantly decreased under dry cultivation for both upland and paddy rice. The percentage of chalky grains was very significantly and significantly negatively correlated with Gmax and G. 【Conclusion】The results suggested that dry cultivation could increase grain-filling rate and improve the appearance quality for both upland and paddy rice.

Key words: Upland rice, Paddy rice, Dry cultivation, Grainfilling, Chalky grains