Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (15): 2686-2694.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.15.012

• HORTICULTURE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Requirement Characteristics of Mineral Elements in Different Developmental Phases of Kyoho Grapevine

SHI XiangBin,WANG XiaoDi,WANG BaoLiang,WANG ZhiQiang,JI XiaoHao,WANG XiaoLong,LIU FengZhi(),WANG HaiBo()   

  1. Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Efficient Fertilization for Deciduous Fruits, Liaoning Province, Xingcheng 125100, Liaoning
  • Received:2019-03-04 Accepted:2019-04-26 Online:2019-08-01 Published:2019-08-06
  • Contact: FengZhi LIU,HaiBo WANG E-mail:liufengzhi6699@126.com;haibo8316@163.com

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Abstract:

【Objective】 Balanced supply of mineral elements is the prerequisite for the high quality and efficient cultivation of grapes. This study was carried to investigate the mineral nutrient requirement of Kyoho grape, so as to provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization and precise fertilization of grapes.【Method】 Kyoho was used as test material. The whole plant was sampled at different growth stages in 7 consecutive years from 2012 to 2018. The contents of mineral elements in tree were determined, and the demand and proportion of mineral elements in different growth stages were calculated. 【Result】The absorption of mineral elements in Kyoho grapes varied during different growth stages throughout the growing season. The demand for nitrogen, potassium, iron, manganese, zinc and molybdenum from the germination to the initial flowering period exceeded 15% of the total annual demand, and the demand ratio of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, copper and boron also exceeded 10%. From the beginning of flowering to the end of flowering period, the demand ratio of nitrogen, iron and molybdenum exceeded 15%, and the demand ratio of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and zinc exceeded 10%. From the end of flowering to the veraison stage, the demand ratio of each mineral element was 41.7% nitrogen, 47.44% phosphorus, 44.83% potassium, 45.88% calcium, 44.92% magnesium, 39.75% iron, 27.40% manganese, 30.28% zinc, 60.20% copper, 38.72% boron, and 41.59% molybdenum. The demand for potassium, manganese and boron from the veraison stage to the harvesting period was relatively large, accounting for 21.76%, 22.19% and 20.17%, respectively. And the demand ratios of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and zinc were 17.12%, 16.76%, 16.34% and 14.72%, respectively. While the demand ratio for nitrogen, iron, copper and molybdenum was less than 10%. During the harvesting period to the defoliation period, the demand ratios of manganese and zinc were 28.71% and 23.57%, respectively. The demand ratio of iron and boron exceeded 15%, and the proportion of nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and molybdenum also exceeded 10%. Phosphorus, potassium and copper accounted for 9.72%, 4.78% and 8.69%, respectively.【Conclusion】It should be paid attention to the supply of mineral element at different developmental phases of grapevine. The demand for mineral elements in the production of 1 000 kg of fruit was nitrogen 5.67 kg, phosphorus 2.37 kg, potassium 5.66 kg, calcium 5.70 kg, magnesium 1.02 kg, iron 153.45 g, manganese 53.14 g, zinc 36.25 g, copper 7.28 g, boron 41.84 g and molybdenum 0.47 g. The average contents of mineral elements in dry matter weight were nitrogen 0.92%, phosphorus 0.36%, potassium 0.66%, calcium 0.84%, magnesium 0.15%, iron 269.27 mg·kg -1, manganese 57.24 mg·kg -1, zinc 49.64 mg·kg -1, copper 12.66 mg·kg -1, boron 66.35 mg·kg -1 and molybdenum1.09 mg·kg -1.

Key words: Kyoho grapevine, essential elements, mineral nutrition, requirement characteristics, rational fertilization

Table 1

Sampled date"

取样时期 Sampled date
萌芽期
Budding
stage		 始花期
Early flowering stage		 末花期
End flowering stage		 种子发育期
Seed development stage		 转色期
Veraison stage		 采收期
Harvest
stage		 落叶期
Deciduous
stage
萌芽后天数（天）
Days after budding (d)		 0 35 50 75 100 135 170

Fig. 1

Requirement contents of mineral elements for one plant and 1 000 kg fruit of Kyoho grapevine The different small letters indicated significant difference at P<0.05 level within mineral elements. The same as below"

Fig. 2

Requirement percentage of different mineral elements at different developmental phases of Kyoho grapevine"

Table 2

Mineral elements requirement ratio at different developmental phases of Kyoho grapevine"

生育阶段 The developmental phases N﹕P﹕K﹕Ca﹕Mg Fe﹕Mn﹕Zn﹕Cu﹕B﹕Mo
萌芽期-始花期 Budding - Early flowering stage 10.00﹕2.25﹕8.64﹕6.69﹕1.20 10.00﹕3.23﹕2.21﹕0.40﹕2.10﹕0.03
始花期-末花期 Early flowering - End flowering stage 10.00﹕3.52﹕7.26﹕8.4﹕1.44 10.00﹕0.85﹕1.59﹕0.17﹕1.15﹕0.03
末花期-种子发育期 End flowering - Seed development stage 10.00﹕3.67﹕10.85﹕11.65﹕2.08 10.00﹕1.48﹕2.19﹕0.52﹕1.62﹕0.01
种子发育期-转色期 Seed development - Veraison stage 10.00﹕5.56﹕11.13﹕10.53﹕1.89 10.00﹕3.04﹕0.99﹕0.82﹕3.56﹕0.05
转色期-采收期 Veraison - Harvest stage 10.00﹕7.61﹕24.50﹕18.17﹕3.40 10.00﹕9.70﹕4.28﹕0.52﹕7.15﹕0.03
采收期-落叶期 Harvest - Deciduous stage 10.00﹕3.10﹕3.86﹕8.86﹕1.80 10.00﹕5.40﹕2.95﹕0.22﹕2.93﹕0.02

Fig. 3

Average content of mineral elements of Kyoho grapevine"

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