甘蓝型油菜温敏细胞核雄性不育系TE5A 花药发育的细胞学研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.12.016

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of this paper is to detect the vital abortion periods and cytological characteristics of the anther development in a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line TE5A in Brassica napus. The results will provide a theoretical basis for further study on the mechanism of male sterility.【Method】The sterile line TE5A was used as test material and was conducted with two different treatment temperatures (16℃ and 22℃). Then the fertility and characteristics of the floral organs of the plants were observed, respectively. The differences of anther development between the sterile and the normal plants of the sterile line TE5A were observed and compared by using toluidine blue, aniline blue and sudan black B to stain the semi-thin sectionings. Further observations and comparisons of cell ultrastructure of the anther development were carried out by transmission electron microscopy.【Result】The flowers of the plants were observed to be sterile, after seven days when the fertile rapeseed plants were moved to the light incubator of 22℃ from the one of 16℃. After the sterile rapeseed plants were moved to the light incubator of 16℃ from the one of 22℃, it was observed that the sterile flowers were opened first and the fertile flowers were opened after. Compared with the fertile flowers, the size and characteristic of petals of sterile plants in the sterile environment displayed no obvious difference. But the filaments of the sterile plants were significantly shorter than the fertile's and the sterile anthers withered without pollen grains in them. The pollen abortion of the sterile line TE5A in the sterile environment occurred at the pollen mother cell meiosis stage. The pollen mother cells could not pass the meiosis, with no dyads and tetrads formed in TE5A, insteading of some "pseudo microspores". The callose was normal deposited around the pollen mother cells, however, the callose hadn't been degraded until the mature pollen stage. The tapetum cells which could secret liposomes were observed to be normal in the fertile line. The pollen exines of the "pseudo microspores" were abnormal. The special bacula and tectum structure of the pollen exine couldn't formed, so the pollen exine couldn't combine with sporopollenins, no liposomes and other substances combined. With the development of the anthers, the "pseudo microspores" were decayed gradually and only empty shells remained at last.【Conclusion】Compared with the fertile flowers, the size and characteristic of petals of sterile plants in the sterile line TE5A displayed no obvious difference. But the filaments of the sterile plants were significantly shorter and the sterile anthers withered without pollen grains in them. The vital abortion of the sterile line TE5A occurred at the pollen mother cell meiosis stage. The pollen mother cells couldn’t pass the meiosis, and neither dyads nor tetrads were formed. The abnormal degradation of the callose also play an important role in the anther development. The cytological characteristics of the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line TE5A in B. napus were different from the previous materials. So these indicated that TE5A is a novel thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line.

Key words: Brassica napus; thermo-sensitive genic male sterile, anther abortion, meiosis

LI Ke-qi, ZENG Xin-hua, YUAN Rong, YAN Xiao-hong, WU Gang. Cytological Researches on the Anther Development of a Thermo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Line TE5A in Brassica napus[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(12): 2408-2417.

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Cytological Researches on the Anther Development of a Thermo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Line TE5A in Brassica napus

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