Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 207-218.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.02.002

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• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Breeding Technology innovation of Indica-Japonica Super Hybrid Rice and Varietal Breeding

LIN Jian-rong, SONG Xin-wei, WU Ming-guo, CHENG Shi-hua   

  1. China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006
  • Received:2015-07-13 Online:2016-01-16 Published:2016-01-16

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Abstract: 【Objective】The indica-japonica super hybrid rice breeding technology innovation and practice had been carried out in to improve with problematic characters, such as longer growth period, lower seed setting rate and lower seed yield existing in the utilization of heterosis between indica rice and japonica rice. 【Method】Japonica maintainer lines with early flowering and high rates of stigma exsertion were developed by indica-japonica intergression crossing. Using these materials, high outcrossing rate japonica CMS lines were bred. Indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines with wide compatibility were bred by means of indica-japonica intergression crossing, molecular marker assisted selection of wide compatibility gene and directional selection of indica and japonica components. The main agronomic traits of these type’s Cheng’s index, wide compatibility and gene restoring spectrum were compared with the japonica restorer line. The light-temperature reaction type and the outcrossing rate were also compared between japonica-indica hybrid rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice. The japonica-indica hybrid rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice were bred from japonica CMS line Chunjiang 16A, indica CMS line Wufeng A and the indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines CH58, C84 and C927 with wide compatibility. 【Result】The japonica CMS lines Chunjiang 16A, Chunjiang 99A and Chunjiang 23A with early flowering and/or high rate of stigma exsertion were developed by indica-japonica intergression crossing, and their seed yield increased significantly. The indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines CH58, C84 and C927 with wide compatibility were bred, which had characteristics of large panicles, strong stems, good wide compatibility and wide restoring spectrum. The F1 of late season japonica CMS lines/indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines with wide compatibility showed stronger photoperiod-sensitivity, while the F1 of middle season japonica CMS lines/indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines with wide compatibility had increased temperature-sensitivity, but the light-temperature reaction type F1 were different between early season indica CMS lines/indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines with wide compatibility. Larger stigma exsertion rates of CMS lines and smaller differences in spikelet flowering rates before noon of parents were beneficial in increasing the outcrossing rate of the japonica-indica hybrid rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice. Chunyou 84 and Wuyou 84 which developed from japonica CMS line Chunjiang 16A, indica CMS line Wufeng A and the indica-japonica intermediate type restorer line C84, and showed the advantage of large panicle, strong heterosis, high yield potential, high lodging resistance, high seed setting rate and strong cold tolerance. These two were released provincially.【Conclusion】 Japonica CMS lines with early flowering and high rates of stigma exsertion were developed by indica-japonica intergression crossing. The indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines with S5-n gene and wide restoring spectrum were different from the ordinary japonica restorer line. The F1 of middle season japonica CMS lines/indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines with wide compatibility were temperature-sensitive, with a marked benefit to shorten the whole growth period. Larger stigma exsertion rates of CMS lines and smaller differences on spikelet flowering rates before noon of the parental lines were effective in increasing the outcrossing rates of the japonica-indica hybrid rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice. The indica-japonica super hybrid rice Chunyou 84 was released provincially.

Key words: indica-japonica super hybrid rice, high outcrossing rate japonica CMS lines, indica-japonica intermediate type restorer lines with wide compatibility, technology innovation

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