Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1227-1234.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.06.019

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of P Fertilizer Efficiency Under Rice-Rapeseed Rotation System

 BU  Rong-Yan-1, REN  Tao-1, LU  Jian-Wei-1, LI  Xiao-Kun-1, CONG  Ri-Huan-1, LI  Yun-Chun-1, WANG  Yang-1, LU  Jun-Ming-2   

  1. 1、College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070；
    2、Agricultural Service Center, Datonghu Administration District of Honghu City, Honghu 433221, Hubei
  • Received:2013-07-11 Online:2014-03-15 Published:2014-01-14

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Abstract: 【Objective】A split field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different P fertilizer application rates on crop yield, P uptake, P recovery efficiency and residual efficiency under annual rice-rapeseed rotation. The effects of residual P in rice season on rapeseed yields and crop P uptakes were evaluated to explore the distribution of P fertilizer in annual rice-rapeseed rotation for the purpose of optimization of P fertilization strategy in rice-rapeseed rotation.【Method】An annual rice-rapeseed field experiment was conducted in Honghu County, Hubei province from May, 2010 to May, 2011. In rice season, there were four different P application rates treatment (P0, 0 P2O5, P30, 30 kg P2O5•hm-2, P60, 60 kg P2O5•hm-2 and P90, 90 kg P2O5•hm-2), while in later rapeseed season, the original P application rate treatments were split into two sub-treatments (with P fertilization treatment, 60 kg P2O5•hm-2, and without P fertilization treatment, 0 kg P2O5•hm-2). Besides crop yield, crop P uptake, P recovery efficiency and residual P utilization efficiency under different P treatments were analyzed, the concept of “the substitute rate of P fertilizer” was adopted to estimate the residual effects of P fertilizer applied in rice season on the rapeseed yield. 【Result】 Reasonable P fertilization substantially increased the yield of the rice and rapeseed. Crop yield and P recovery efficiency in rice season were the highest in P60 treatment, with the average of 9 694 kg•hm-2 and 19.2%, respectively. Insufficient or excessive P fertilization decreased rice yield and P recovery efficiency. Compared with without P fertilization treatment in rapeseed season, rapeseed dry matter increased significantly, ranging from 756 to 1 195 kg•hm-2 in P fertilization treatment; while seed yields were also improved, ranging from 427 to 503 kg•hm-2. P fertilizer applied in rice season significantly affected the seed yield and crop nutrient uptake of the following rapeseed. In contrast to the plots without P fertilization in rice season, rapeseed dry matter of the plots with P fertilization in rice season dramatically increased, varying from 212 to 816 kg•hm-2, and the yield of rapeseed varying from 136 to 409 kg•hm-2, and the P uptake by rapeseed increased from 0.4 to 4.9 kg•hm-2. The P fertilizer applied in rice season could be utilized by rapeseed which consequently increased the agronomic efficiencies and the contribution rate of P fertilizer applied in rapeseed season. The recovery efficiency of P applied in rice season ranged from 16.3% to 19.2%, the residual utilization efficiency ranged from 5.4% to 7.3% and the annual P fertilizer accumulate efficiency was 21.8% - 25.6%. P fertilizer applied in rice season had a significant residual effect, which showed a positive correlation with P fertilizer application rate. The residual effects of P fertilizer applied in rice season were equivalent to 2-9 kg P2O5•hm-2 used in the rapeseed season. Furthermore, the residual effects of P fertilizer applied in rice season were also positively affected by the P fertilizer application rate in rapeseed season. The residual effects of P fertilizer in rapeseed season with P fertilization were higher than those without P fertilization. 【Conclusion】 Reasonable P fertilization could substantially increase crop yield, P uptake and P use efficiency under rice-rapeseed rotation system. The P fertilizer application in rice season had a significant residual effect on increase rapeseed yield and P, which showed a positive correlation with P fertilizer application rate. Considering “more P fertilization used in upland season and less P fertilization used in paddy season” in P fertilization management strategy under paddy-upland rotation, P fertilization management in rapeseed season thus should be optimized taking the residual effect of P application in rice season into consideration.

Key words: rice- rapeseed rotation , P agronomic efficiency , the residual of phosphorus

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