棉株果枝部位、温光复合因子及施氮量对纤维比强度形成的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.18.003

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The effects of fruiting-branch position, temperature-light factor and nitrogen rates on cotton fiber strength were studied. 【Method】 Field experiments were carried out in Nanjing (118º50′E, 32º02′N, middle lower reaches of Yangtze River Valley) and Xuzhou (117°11′E, 34°15′N, Yellow River Valley) with two cotton cultivars (Kemian 1 with average fiber strength 35 cN•tex-1; NuCOTN 33B with average fiber strength 32 cN•tex-1). Two sowing dates and three nitrogen application levels were applied, thus cotton fiber developing process can be arranged at different fruiting-branch positions and ecological conditions.【Result】 An interaction between fruiting branch and temperature was observed. Cotton bolls in the middle-branch produced stronger fiber than that in lower- and upper-branch when temperature-light factor was optimal. While temperature-light decreased, fruiting-branch effects were not significant. Development of cotton fiber strength could be divided into rapid and steady growth periods. PTP (cumulative photo-thermal product) during cotton fiber secondary wall thickening period (as temperature-light factor) were linear with the rate (VRG) and duration (TRG) of fiber strength rapid growth period, while the rate (VSG) and duration (TSG) of fiber strength steady growth period, the observed cotton fiber strength (FSobs) were quadratic with PTP, respectively. The strongest Strobs (34.8 and 31.9 cN•tex-1 for Kemian 1 and NuCOTN 33B, respectively) was obtained at PTP of 291 MJ•m-2, when VRG was 1.5 cN•tex-1•d-1 and TRG was 16 d, VSG and TSG for Kemian 1 were 0.32 cN•tex-1•d-1 and 21.4 d, while for NuCOTN 33B were 0.18 cN•tex-1•d-1 and 24.0 d, respectively. N fertilization significantly affected formation of cotton fiber strength and had a compensatory effect on PTP. As N increased, PTP for obtaining the highest Strobs decreased. NA under 240 kg N•hm-2 was more suitable for cotton fiber strength when PTP was greater than 104 MJ•m-2; when PTP was less than that value, NA under 480 kg N•hm-2 was more appropriate.【Conclusion】Fruiting-branch significantly affects the formation of cotton fiber strength and there is an interaction between fruiting-branch and temperature-light factor. Temperature-light factor and nitrogen rate significantly influence cotton fiber strength formation, nitrogen has a compensate effect on temperature-light factor. Development of cotton fiber strength can be divided into rapid and steady growth period. Cultivar difference in cotton fiber strength may come from the difference in steady growth period.

Key words: GossypiumhirstumL., fruiting-branchposition, PTP, nitrogenrate, subtendingleafofcottonboll, leafnitrogenconcentration, fiberstrength

ZHAO Wen-Qing, MENG Ya-Li, CHEN Bing-Lin, WANG You-Hua, LI Wen-Feng, ZHOU Zhi-Guo. Effects of Fruiting-Branch Position, Temperature-Light Factors and Nitrogen Rates on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Fiber Strength Formation[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(18): 3721-3732.

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Effects of Fruiting-Branch Position, Temperature-Light Factors and Nitrogen Rates on Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Fiber Strength Formation

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