中国农业科学 ›› 2007, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 1579-1586 .

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源 •    下一篇

中国小麦地方品种大青芒遗传多样性研究

张玲丽,王 辉,李立会,李洪杰,李小军,李秀全,杨欣明   

  1. 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程
  • 收稿日期:2006-04-10 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-08-10 发布日期:2007-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 李立会

Genetic diversity of common wheat landraces Daqingmang from various wheat growing areas

  

  1. 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程
  • Received:2006-04-10 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-08-10 Published:2007-08-10

摘要: 【目的】研究长期种植于中国东北春麦区不同环境的小麦地方品种大青芒的遗传变异。【方法】采用14个形态和农艺性状、种子贮藏蛋白分析以及84对SSR分子标记技术,对不同种植地区的5份大青芒品种的遗传多样性进行了研究。【结果】供试材料间在形态和农艺性状上表现出极大的相似性,但在编码种子醇溶蛋白的Gli-1位点、编码高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的Glu-B1位点,以及57.1%的SSR引物位点上存在较大的遗传变异。5份供试材料内共检测到异质性SSR引物位点27个,有4份材料(ZM4401,ZM4402,ZM4407和ZM4421)内的个体间在醇溶蛋白或HMW-GS组成上具有异质性。多态性SSR引物位点揭示的遗传差异分布具有基因组、部分同源群和染色体间的不均衡性。【结论】不同来源的大青芒地方品种在14个形态学性状及农艺性状上表现一致,但由于在不同地点多年种植等原因,导致了材料间和材料内在蛋白质和DNA水平上遗传变异的产生,建议对不同来源的同名地方品种在收集、保存、研究和利用时分别处理。

关键词: 小麦地方品种, 形态学性状和农艺性状, 种子贮藏蛋白, SSR分子标记, 异质性

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of the present study was to determine of the genetic variation and genetic differentiation of the wheat landrace Daqingmang, which originated from the northeastern China. 【Method】Fourteen morphological and agronomic traits, seed storage proteins analyses and 84 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to detect the genetic relationships among five accessions of the landrace Daqingmang that were collected from different sites. 【Result】The Daqingmang accessions displayed similar performance in morphological and agronomic traits. However, high levels of variations were detected in compositions of gliadins and high-molecular-weiht glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), and 57.1% of the total of 84 SSR primers that distribute in different chromosome arms. Moreover, heterogeneity was detected within the accessions of ZM4401, ZM4402, ZM4407 and ZM4421 in gliadin band patterns and HMW-GS. Microsatellite analysis also revealed the unequal contribution to the genetic variations among Daqingmang accessions. 【Conclusion】Our research showed that landrance of Daqingmang was a population with widely genetic diversity. Although no phenotypic variation was observed, extensive variations in the genes loci of seed storage proteins and many SSR primers loci were detected among the 5 Daqingmang accessions. The results have important significance for effective maintenance and application of genetic resources.

Key words: Wheat landraces, Agro-morphology, Seed storage protein, SSR markers